Joints and movement Flashcards
What is a joint
a joint is a structure that separates two or more adjacent elements of the skeletal system
Joints can be classified by
- structure (type of tissue present)
- movement (degree of which is allowed)
Which are the structural joints
- synovial (articulating surfaces enclosed within a fluid filled capsule)
- cartilaginous (bones connected by cartilage)
- fibrous (bones connected by fibrous tissue
Which are the movement joints
- diarthrosis
- amphiarthrosis
- synarthrosis
What are the 3 main characteristics of the synovial joint
- articular capsule
- articular cartilage
- synovial fluid
What are the 6 different types of synovial joints
- ball and socket
- hinge joint
- ellipsoid joint
- pivot joint
- saddle joint
- plane joint
An example of the the hinge joint and which movements allows to produce
flexion and extension, the elbow joint
An example of the the pivot and which movements allows to produce
pronation and supination, the distal and proximal radio ulnar joint
An example of the the ball and joint and which movements allows to produce
flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, internal and external rotation and circumduction; the hip and the shoulder joint
An example of the the ellipsoid and which movements allows to produce
flexion, extension, abduction, adduction and circumduction ; radio-carpal joint
An example of the the saddle and which movements allows to produce
flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, circumduction and slight rotation ; carpo-metacarpal joint
An example of the the plane and which movements allows to produce
glidings and some rotations; like the carpal and tarsal joints
What are the movements in the shoulder
- flexion
- extension
- adduction
- abduction
- internal rotation
- external rotation
- circumduction
What are the scapular movements
- upward rotation
- downward rotation
- retraction
- protraction
- elevation
- depression
