Joints and actions Flashcards
What are the three types of joint?
Fibrous, Cartilaginous and Synovial
Which type of joint is immovable?
Fibrous
When do fibrous joints occur?
When the bones are separated by a very thin layer of connective tissue.
Where in the body can you find fibrous joints?
In the skull
How much movement do cartilaginous joints allow?
Allow limited movement between bones
When do cartilaginous joints occur?
When bones are connected by cartilage
Where in the body can you find cartilaginous joints?
Between the ribs and the sternum and the vertebrae
What type of movement do synovial joints allow?
Allows free movement to occur between bones
In synovial joints, what is the function of the fluid?
The synovial fluid lubricates the joints and helps them to move easily
How many types of synovial joints are there?
Six
Name the different types of synovial joints.
Ball and socket, consoles, pivot, saddle, hinge and gliding
What type of synovial joint allows for the greatest range of rotational movement?
Ball and socket
What type of synovial joint allows for the greatest range of angular movement?
Condyloid
Fill in the gaps. The saddle synovial joint occurs between ______ that are ______ to each other in shape.
Bones, complementary
What type of synovial joint allows for rotating or twisting movement?
Pivot
What type of synovial joint allows for movements to occur in one plane?
Hinge
What type of synovial joint allows for bones to slide or twist but does not allow circular motion?
Gliding
Where in the body would you find a ball and socket synovial joint?
Shoulder, hip
Where in the body would you find a condyloid synovial joint?
Fingers, toes, hands, feet
Where in the body would you find a saddle synovial joint?
The thumb
Where in the body would you find a pivot synovial joint?
Neck
Where in the body would you find a hinge synovial joint?
Elbow, knee
Where in the body would you find a gliding synovial joint?
Carpals, tarsals
Which type of joint are the most common and most moveable type of joint in the body?
Synovial
What are the features of synovial joints?
Synovial membrane, articular cartilage, fibrous joint capsule, joint cavity filled with synovial fluid and ligaments.
Which bones articulate to form the hip joint?
The round head of the femur articulates with the cuplike acetabulum of the pelvis
What are both surfaces that form the hip joint covered with?
A strong but lubricated layer called articular hyaline cartilage.
What does the strong but loose fibrous capsule permit?
It permits the hip joint to have the second largest range of movement and yet support the weight of the body,arms and head.
Fill in the gaps. The hip joint is _______ by a strong network of _______ which holds the ______ in place.
Reinforced, ligaments, joint
True or false? The knee is a uniaxial joint.
True
True or false? The hip joint is multiaxial.
True
What movement type is the following statement describing? Decreasing the angle of a joint or bending a limb.
Flexion
What movement type is the following statement describing? Rotating the limb outwards.
Lateral rotation
What movement type is the following statement describing? Excessive extension beyond straight.
Hyper extension
What movement type is the following statement describing? Bending to the side.
Lateral flexion
What movement type is the following statement describing? At the ankle joint when the toes are pulled upwards towards the shin.
Dorsi flexion
What movement type is the following statement describing? Increasing the angle of a joint or bending a limb.
Extension
What movement type is the following statement describing? At the ankle joint when the toes are pointed downwards.
Plantar flexion
What movement type is the following statement describing? Taking a limb away from the mid-line of the body.
Abduction
What movement type is the following statement describing? Taking a limb towards the mid-line of the body.
Adduction
What movement type is the following statement describing? When a limb rotates about its own axis.
Rotation
What movement type is the following statement describing? Rotation of the forearm causing the palm of the hand to face up.
Supination
What movement type is the following statement describing? Rotation of the forearm causing the palm of the hand to face down.
Pronation
What movement type is the following statement describing? When one end of a limb draws a circle/a full circular motion
Circumduction
What is the format of describing the motions of joints?
Action of the limb at the joint.
