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Anatomy and Physiology Exam 2 > Joints > Flashcards

Joints Flashcards

1
Q

point of contact between bones or between bones and cartilage

A

articulation

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2
Q

immovable joints

A

synarthoses

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3
Q

slightly moveable joints

A

ampiarthoses

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4
Q

mostly moveable joints

A

diarthoses

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5
Q

no joint cavity and made of fibrous connective tissue

A

fibrous

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6
Q

classification by type of connective tissue at the joint and whether or not there is space between the bones

A

structural classification

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7
Q

classification based on the amount of movement at the joint

A

functional classification

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8
Q

exist only in the skull

A

sutures

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9
Q

has a connection that uses a ligament

A

syndesmoses

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10
Q

holds the teeth in place

A

gomphoses

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11
Q

types of fibrous joints

A

sutrues, syndesmoses, and gomphoses

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12
Q

type of joint held together by cartilage

A

cartlaginous

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13
Q

connected by hyaline cartilage.

A

synchondroses

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14
Q

examples of a synchondroses

A

the first rib being connected by hyaline cartilage and the epiphyseal plates

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15
Q

synchondroses are made of what

A

hyaline cartilage

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16
Q

joint that uses fibrocartilage

A

symphyses

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17
Q

example of a symphysis

A

the intervertebral disks

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18
Q

type of joint where there is space between the articulating bone

A

synovial

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19
Q

extension of the periosteum from the two bones.

A

fibrocapsule

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20
Q

what is the fibrocapsule made of

A

dense irregular connective tissue

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21
Q

inner part of the fibrocapsule

A

synovial membrane

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22
Q

what is the synovial membrane made of

A

areolar connective tissue

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23
Q

acts as a cushion to prevent friction in joints.

A

synovial fluid

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24
Q

what are ligaments made of

A

connective tissue

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25
Q

what do ligaments do

A

add strength to the joint

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26
Q

what are menisci

A

extra cushion in synovial joints

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27
Q

what are menisci made of

A

fibrocartilage

28
Q

sac that has fluid

A

bursae

29
Q

what does the bursae do

A

prevent things from rubbing against each other

30
Q

where can bursae be found

A

between ligaments and bone, skin and bone, and bone and bone

31
Q

fluid filled sac between bone and tendons

A

tendon sheath

32
Q

what are some factors limiting movement (5)

A

non-boney parts, articulating bones, number of ligaments, tension of ligaments, and muscle tone

33
Q

type of movement where surface of two bones glide across each other

A

gliding

34
Q

examples of gliding movement

A

inter carpal or inter tarsal or intervertebral

35
Q

types of cartilaginous joints

A

synchondroses and symphyses

36
Q

type of movement that incr or decr the angle between two bones

A

angular

37
Q

decr the angle between two bones

A

flexion

38
Q

brings bones closer together

A

flexion

39
Q

incr the angle between two bones

A

extension

40
Q

extend beyond anatomical position

A

hyperextension

41
Q

when the distal end of the bone moves in a circle around the proximal end of the bone

A

circumduction

42
Q

movement of the bone around its own longitudinal axis

A

rotation

43
Q

anterior surface of the bone toward the midline

A

medial rotation

44
Q

anterior surface of the bone away from the midline

A

lateral rotation

45
Q

rotating the ankle up

A

inversion

46
Q

sole of the foot outward

A

eversion

47
Q

push the clavicle or mandible forward

A

protraction

48
Q

movement of the palm up with the elbow bent

A

supination

49
Q

turning the palm downward

A

pronation

50
Q

movement of the bone up

A

elevation

51
Q

movement of the bone down

A

depression

52
Q

most human movement

A

opposition

53
Q

forcible twisting of a joint.

A

sprain

54
Q

tearing of the attachment of the joint

A

sprain

55
Q

displacement of the joints at a joint

A

dislocation

56
Q

tearing of the capsule

A

dislocation

57
Q

what is bursitis caused from

A

bursae accumulation

58
Q

what does bursitis result from

A

trauma

59
Q

inflammation of the tendon sheath

A

tendonitis

60
Q

what does tendonitis result from

A

overuse

61
Q

inflammation of a joint

A

arthritis

62
Q

wear and tear disease

A

osteoarthritis

63
Q

what can osteoarthritis be caused from

A

obesity

64
Q

autoimmune disease when the immune cells attack the synovial membrane.

A

rheumatoid arthritis

65
Q

accumulation of salt crystals between the joints

A

gouty arthritis

66
Q

what is the accumulation of salt crystals in gouty arthritis caused from?

A

an accumulation of uric acid in the blood. (Na ions combine to form Na urate salts)

Anatomy and Physiology Exam 2 (6 decks)

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