Joints

Question 1

What aspect of the shoulder joint does the biceps brachii muscle span?

Answer 1

anterior aspect (flexor joint)

Question 2

What are the 2 types of fibrous joints?

Answer 2

sutures, fibrous sheets

Question 3

Where are suture joints found?

Answer 3

between skull bones

Question 4

Where are fibrous sheets found?

Answer 4

interosseus membrane e.g. between radia and ulnar

Question 5

What is a fibrous sheet joint also known as?

Answer 5

syndesmosis

Question 6

How stable are fibrous joints?

Answer 6

highly

Question 7

How much mobility do fibrous joints have?

Answer 7

limited

Question 8

What are the 2 types of cartilaginous joints and what are their examples?

Answer 8

Primary e.g. epiphyseal growth plate

Secondary (a symphysis) e.g. between intervertebral discs of cartilage

Question 9

What does a primary cartilaginous joint slip result in?

Answer 9

slipped femoral epiphysis

Question 10

What does a secondary cartilaginous joint slip result in?

Answer 10

slipped disc

Question 11

What are the wide sutures in the neonatal [newborn] skull called?

Answer 11

fontanelles

Question 12

Between which vertebrae are secondary cartilaginous joints not found?

Answer 12

C1, C2 and in sacrum/coccyx

Question 13

What is the anulus fibrosus in the vertebrae?

Answer 13

Outer fibrous ring

Question 14

What is the nucleus pulposus in the vertebrae?

Answer 14

soft centre

Question 15

What is the proper term for a slipped disc?

Answer 15

herniation

Question 16

What covers the surfaces of synovial joints?

Answer 16

hyaline cartilage

Question 17

What are the 2 parts of the capsule?

Answer 17

inner synovial membrane to secrete synovial fluid

outer strong fibrous layer

Question 18

Where is the capsule?

Answer 18

wrapped around the joint

Question 19

What is the name of the fibrous bands connecting from one bone to another which strengthen the fibrous capsule and improve joint stability?

Answer 19

ligaments

Question 20

What does this describe: synovial fluid-filled extensions of the joint capsule OR closed sacs of synovial membrane (balloons) containing synovial fluid near to but separate from the joint cavity?

Answer 20

bursae

Question 21

What are the fibrocartilaginous discs within the knee which improve stability?

Answer 21

menisci

Question 22

What type of joint occurs at the the C1-C2 or atlantoaxial joint in superior part of neck?

Answer 22

pivot

Question 23

What angle does the pivot joint have?

Answer 23

45

Question 24

What type of joint is found in the hip joint?

Answer 24

ball and socket

Question 25

Which is out most stable synovial joint?

Answer 25

hip joint

Question 26

What kind of movement can ball and socket joints undergo?

Answer 26

multi-axial

Question 27

What kind of joints are found in hands in feet?

Answer 27

biaxial

Question 28

What range of movement is available in biaxial joints?

Answer 28

reasonable range of movement in one plane and less in another

Question 29

What type of joint is the elbow?

Answer 29

hinge

Question 30

What type of movement is available in hinge joints?

Answer 30

reasonable range of movement in one plane

Question 31

What type of joint is the acromioclavicular joint?

Answer 31

plane joint

Question 32

What type of movement occurs at plane joints?

Answer 32

minimal amount

Question 33

What are the 5 major ligaments around the knee?

Answer 33

the patellar ligament and the tibial collateral & fibular collateral and the anterior cruciate & posterior cruciate

Question 34

How many menisci does the knee joint have?

Answer 34

2

Question 35

What makes up the knee joint capsule?

Answer 35

fibrous layer and synovial membrane

Question 36

What is Prepatellar Bursitis: “Housemaid’s Knee"?

Answer 36

inflammation & swelling of subcutaneous prepatellar bursa

Question 37

Is the patella replaced in total knee surgery?

Answer 37

No

Question 38

Which type of joint is the most mobile but least stable?

Answer 38

synovial

Question 39

Which type of joints allow circumduction movements?

Answer 39

ball and socket

Question 40

Which joint, the shoulder or hip, is a tighter fit and therefore less likely to dislocate?

Answer 40

hip

Question 41

What occurs in subluxation?

Answer 41

reduced area of contact between articular surfaces

Question 42

What occurs in dislocation?

Answer 42

complete loss of contact between articular surfaces

Question 43

When are craniovertebral joints more likely to dislocate?

Answer 43

rheumatoid arthritis due to weakened ligaments

Question 44

traumatic subluxation of what joint is common in rugby?

Answer 44

acromioclavicular

Question 45

What softens during pregnancy?

Answer 45

pubic symphysis

Question 46

What is the special feature of the TMJ?

Answer 46

the articular disc

Question 47

What happens in TMJ dislocation?

Answer 47

head of the condylar process of the mandible becomes “stuck” anterior to the articular tubercle of the temporal bone the mouth is wide open and cannot be closed

Question 48

What suggests a bilateral TMJ dislocation?

Answer 48

the chin remaining in the midline