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Principles Anatomy > Joints > Flashcards

Joints Flashcards

1
Q

What aspect of the shoulder joint does the biceps brachii muscle span?

A

anterior aspect (flexor joint)

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2
Q

What are the 2 types of fibrous joints?

A

sutures, fibrous sheets

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3
Q

Where are suture joints found?

A

between skull bones

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4
Q

Where are fibrous sheets found?

A

interosseus membrane e.g. between radia and ulnar

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5
Q

What is a fibrous sheet joint also known as?

A

syndesmosis

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6
Q

How stable are fibrous joints?

A

highly

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7
Q

How much mobility do fibrous joints have?

A

limited

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8
Q

What are the 2 types of cartilaginous joints and what are their examples?

A

Primary e.g. epiphyseal growth plate

Secondary (a symphysis) e.g. between intervertebral discs of cartilage

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9
Q

What does a primary cartilaginous joint slip result in?

A

slipped femoral epiphysis

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10
Q

What does a secondary cartilaginous joint slip result in?

A

slipped disc

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11
Q

What are the wide sutures in the neonatal [newborn] skull called?

A

fontanelles

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12
Q

Between which vertebrae are secondary cartilaginous joints not found?

A

C1, C2 and in sacrum/coccyx

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13
Q

What is the anulus fibrosus in the vertebrae?

A

Outer fibrous ring

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14
Q

What is the nucleus pulposus in the vertebrae?

A

soft centre

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15
Q

What is the proper term for a slipped disc?

A

herniation

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16
Q

What covers the surfaces of synovial joints?

A

hyaline cartilage

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17
Q

What are the 2 parts of the capsule?

A

inner synovial membrane to secrete synovial fluid

outer strong fibrous layer

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18
Q

Where is the capsule?

A

wrapped around the joint

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19
Q

What is the name of the fibrous bands connecting from one bone to another which strengthen the fibrous capsule and improve joint stability?

A

ligaments

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20
Q

What does this describe: synovial fluid-filled extensions of the joint capsule OR closed sacs of synovial membrane (balloons) containing synovial fluid near to but separate from the joint cavity?

A

bursae

21
Q

What are the fibrocartilaginous discs within the knee which improve stability?

A

menisci

22
Q

What type of joint occurs at the the C1-C2 or atlantoaxial joint in superior part of neck?

A

pivot

23
Q

What angle does the pivot joint have?

A

45

24
Q

What type of joint is found in the hip joint?

A

ball and socket

25
Q

Which is out most stable synovial joint?

A

hip joint

26
Q

What kind of movement can ball and socket joints undergo?

A

multi-axial

27
Q

What kind of joints are found in hands in feet?

A

biaxial

28
Q

What range of movement is available in biaxial joints?

A

reasonable range of movement in one plane and less in another

29
Q

What type of joint is the elbow?

A

hinge

30
Q

What type of movement is available in hinge joints?

A

reasonable range of movement in one plane

31
Q

What type of joint is the acromioclavicular joint?

A

plane joint

32
Q

What type of movement occurs at plane joints?

A

minimal amount

33
Q

What are the 5 major ligaments around the knee?

A

the patellar ligament and the tibial collateral & fibular collateral and the anterior cruciate & posterior cruciate

34
Q

How many menisci does the knee joint have?

A

2

35
Q

What makes up the knee joint capsule?

A

fibrous layer and synovial membrane

36
Q

What is Prepatellar Bursitis: “Housemaid’s Knee”?

A

inflammation & swelling of subcutaneous prepatellar bursa

37
Q

Is the patella replaced in total knee surgery?

A

No

38
Q

Which type of joint is the most mobile but least stable?

A

synovial

39
Q

Which type of joints allow circumduction movements?

A

ball and socket

40
Q

Which joint, the shoulder or hip, is a tighter fit and therefore less likely to dislocate?

A

hip

41
Q

What occurs in subluxation?

A

reduced area of contact between articular surfaces

42
Q

What occurs in dislocation?

A

complete loss of contact between articular surfaces

43
Q

When are craniovertebral joints more likely to dislocate?

A

rheumatoid arthritis due to weakened ligaments

44
Q

traumatic subluxation of what joint is common in rugby?

A

acromioclavicular

45
Q

What softens during pregnancy?

A

pubic symphysis

46
Q

What is the special feature of the TMJ?

A

the articular disc

47
Q

What happens in TMJ dislocation?

A

head of the condylar process of the mandible becomes “stuck” anterior to the articular tubercle of the temporal bone
the mouth is wide open and cannot be closed

48
Q

What suggests a bilateral TMJ dislocation?

A

the chin remaining in the midline

Principles Anatomy (9 decks)

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