Joints Flashcards
What sort of movement do joints permit?
Limited movement
What are the 3 structures of joints?
Fibrous, Cartilaginous, Synovial
What are immovable joints called?
Synarthrosis
What are joints with slight movement called?
Amphiarthrosis
What are freely movable joints called?
Diarthrosis
Synovial joints make up the majority of joints. How is friction reduced?
- Bones separated by fluid-filled space.
- Lines with hyaline cartilage.
How are articulating surfaces strengthened?
They have an inner synovial membrane, and are strengthened by an outer fibrous layer.
What are the effects of cartilage having no blood vessels or nerves?
Can withstand loads, no pain or bleeding but slow healing and repair times.
What does connective tissue contain?
Few cells - chondrocytes
Extracellular matrix - lots of water and collagen fibres.
What is the synovium?
Lines the inner joint capsule. Contains blood and lymph vessels.
What are the 4 functions of the synovial fluid.
1) Nourishes cartilage with fluid
2) Waste transport
3) Lubrication
4) Maintains articular contact
What type of ligaments hold together bone?
White, strong, fibrous.
What acid do synovial lining cells produce?
Hylauronic acid.
What is the name for ligaments that are found within the joint capsule?
Intra-capsular.
Describe the menisci
Semilunar cartilages, found in some synovial joints. Crescent-shaped fibrocartilage.
