JOINTS

Question 1

AMPHIARTHORISIS MEANS

Answer 1

ALLOW SLIGHT MOVEMENT

Question 2

DIARTHROSIS MEANS

Answer 2

ALLOW FREE MOVEMENT

Question 3

GOMPHOSIS MEANS

Answer 3

BOLTING TOGETHER

Question 4

ELLIPSOIDAL MEANS

Answer 4

NOT CIRCULAR SHAPED

Question 5

SYMPHYSIS MEANS

Answer 5

GROWING TOGETHER

Question 6

STATE THE FUNCTION OF JOINTS

Answer 6

• ALLOW MOVEMENT
• TRANSMIT FORCES BETWEEN BONES
• ALLOW BONE GROWTH

Question 7

TRUE/ FALSE

REGARDING FIBROUS JT:
A. IT IS SUBDIVIDED INTO SUTURES, GOMPHOSIS AND SYNDESOMOSIS
B. FREELY MOVABLE
C. IN GOMPHOSIS, THE BONES ARE CONNECTED BY THE DENSE FIBROUS CONNECTIVE TISSUES/ LIGAMENTS
D. IT HAS JOINT CAVITY
E. SKULL IS ONE OF THE FIBROUS JOINT

Answer 7

A. TRUE
B. FALSE (FIBROUS JT: IMMOVABLE -> SLIGHTLY MOVABLE)
C. FALSE (IN GOMPHOSIS, THE BONES ARE CONNECTED BY THE PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT
D. FALSE (NO JOINT CAVITY!)
E. TRUE

Question 8

IN SUTURES, THE JOINT IS FILLED WITH ___.

Answer 8

IN SUTURES, THE JOINT IS FILLED WITH DENSE FIBROUS CONNECTIVE TISSUE

Question 9

A. CAN A SUTURE MOVE?
B. THE IMPORTANCE OF HAVING A SUTURE.
C. WHERE DOES SUTURE CAN BE FOUND?

Answer 9

A. SUTURE CANNOT MOVE, IT IS IMMOVABLE
B. IT IS TO ALLOW THE SKULL TO GROW DURING EARLY AGE. THE SUTURE WILL OSSIFY AND DISSEPEAR DURING OLD AGE
C. LIMITED TO THE SKULL ONLY

Question 10

WHAT IS THE EXAMPLE OF GOMPHOSIS?

Answer 10

TEETH AND ITS SOCKET (ALVEOLAR OF MANDIBLE/ MAXILLA)

Question 11

A. WHAT IS THE LIGAMENT THAT CAN BE FOUND IN GOMPHOSIS?
B. DOES GOMPHOSIS MOVABLE?

Answer 11

A. PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT
B. NO, GOMPHOSIS IMMOVABLE

Question 12

IN SYNDESMOSIS, THE BONES ARE UNITED BY ___.

Answer 12

IN SYNDESMOSIS, THE BONES ARE UNITED BY A THICK FIBROUS TISSUE/ LIGAMENTS

Question 13

WHAT IS THE CHARACTERISTICS OF SYNDESMOSIS?

Answer 13

• THE BONES IN SYNDESMOSIS IS CONNECTED BY THE THICK FIBROUS TISSUE/ LIGAMENTS
• IT IS IMMOVABLE TO SLIGHTLY MOVABLE
• EXAMPLE: RADIO- ULNAR JT, DITAL TIBIO- FIBULAR JT

Question 14

STATE 2 EXAMPLES OF SYNDESMOSIS.

Answer 14

1. RADIO- ULNAR JT
2. DISTAL TIBIO- FIBULAR JT

Question 15

CARTILAGINOUS JT ARE BONE IN WHICH IT IS CONNECTED/ UNITED VIA THE ___.

Answer 15

CARTILAGE

Question 16

THERE IS (NO/HAVE) CAVITY JT.

Answer 16

NO

Question 17

STATE 2 TYPES OF CARTILAGINOUS JT.

Answer 17

1. PRIMARY CARTILAGINOUS (SYNCHONDROSIS)
2. SECONDARY CARTILAGINOUS (SYMPYSIS)

Question 18

STATE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF SYNCHONDROSIS ALONG WITH THE EXAMPLES.

Answer 18

• SYNCHONDROSIS IS THE PRIMARY CARTILAGINOUS JT.
• IT IS WHERE THE BONE IS UNITED BY THE CARTILAGE WHICH IS HYALINE CARTILAGE.
• IT IS IMMOVABLE
• IT IS LOCATED BETWEEN THE EPIPHYSIS AND DIAPHYSIS (AT THE EPIHYSEAL PLATE - WHICH LOCATED AT THE METAPHYSIS)
• EXAMPLE: BETWEEN THE RIB AND STERNUM

Question 19

STATE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF SYMPHYSIS.

Answer 19

• SYMPHYSIS IS WHERE THE ARTICULATING SURFACES ARE COVERED BY THE HYALINE CARTILAGE AND IS THEN UNITED BY THE FIBROCARTILAGE.
• IT IS SLIGHTLY MOVABLE
• SYMPHYSIS IS USUALLY MUCH MORE STRONGER AND STABLE.
• IT USUALLY LOCATED AT THE MEDIAN PLAN OF THE BODY.
• EXAMPLE: PELVIS AND INTERVERTEBRAL JOINT.

Question 20

STATE 2 EXAMPLES WHERE DOES SYMPHYSIS CAN BE FOUND.

Answer 20

1. PELVIS
2. INTERVERTEBRAL JT

Question 21

STATE AN EXAMPLE WHERE DOES SYNCHONDROSIS CAN BE FOUND

Answer 21

BETWEEN RIB AND STERNUM

Question 22

A. DOES SYNOVIAL JT MOVABLE?
B. WHERE CAN WE FOUND SYNOVIAL JT?
C. WHAT IS THE IMPORTANT FEATURES THAT CAN BE FOUND IN SYNOVIAL JT?

Answer 22

A. YES, SYNOVIAL JT IS MOVABLE.
B. USUALLY IN THE UPPER OR LOWER LIMB
C. - SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE
- SYNOVIAL FLUID
- ARTICULAR CARTILAGE (HYALINE)
- FIBROUS CAPSULE

Question 23

STATE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF BALL AND SOCKET.

Answer 23

• IT CONSIST OF GLONOID HEAD INSERTED INTO THE APPOSING CUP.
• IT IS MULTIAXIAL (FLEXION, EXTENSION, ABDUCTION, ADDUCTION, CIRCUMDUCTION, ROTATION)
• HIP JT, SHOULDER JT

Question 24

STATE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF SADDLE JT.

Answer 24

• SADDLE RESEMBLES THE SADDLE ON THE HORSE’S BACK
• IT IS A CONCAVE-CONVEX SURFACE
• IT IS BIAXIAL (FLEXION, EXTENSION, ADDUCTION, ABDUCTION)
• EXAMPLE: CARPO- METACARPAL OF THE THUMB

Question 25

STATE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HINGE JT.

Answer 25

• HINGE JT RESEMBLES THE HINGE OF A DOOR.
• IT IS CONVEX OPPOSE THE CONCAVE SURFACE
• IT IS UNIAXIAL (FLEXION AND EXTENSION ONLY)
• EXAMPLE: HUMERO- ULNAR, INTERPHALANGEAL
• KNEE IS A MODIFIED HINGE IN WHICH IT IS A MULTIAXIAL.

Question 26

STATE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF TROCHOID JT.

Answer 26

• TROCHOID JT ALSO KNOWN AS PIVOT JT.
• IT IS WHERE THE BONY PIVOT SURROUNDED BY THE BONY LIGAMENTIOUS RING
• TROCHOID JT IS UNIAXIAL (ROTATION ONLY)
• EXAMPLE: ATALANTO-AXIAL JT, RADIO- ULNAR JT

Question 27

STATE THE CHARACTERITISTICS OF GLIDING JT.

Answer 27

• GLIDING JT IS KNOWN AS PLANE JT.
• IT IS AN APPOSITION OF FLAT SURFACE OR NEARLY FLAT SURFACE.
• IT IS UNIAXIAL (GLIDING ONLY)
• EXAMPLE: INTERCARPAL JT, INTERTARSAL JT.

Question 28

STATE THE CHARACTERITISTICS OF CONDYLOID JT.

Answer 28

• CONDYLOID JT ALSO KNOWN AS ELLIPSOIDAL JT.
• IT IS WHERE AN ELLIPSOIDAL CONVEX INTO THE ELLIPSOIDAL CONCAVE SURFACE.
• IT WILL PROVIDE A BIAXIAL MOVEMENT (FLEXION, EXTENSION, ABDUCTION, ADDUCTION)
• EXAMPLE: ATLANTO- OCCIPITAL JT, RADIO-CARPAL JT, METACARPO-PHALANGEAL JT

Question 29

STATE 2 EXAMPLES FOR EACH OF THESE JT:
A. GLIDING
B. BALL AND SOCKET
C. CONDYLOID
D. TROCHOID
E. SADDLE
F. GINGLYMUS

Answer 29

A. INTERCARPALS, INTERTARSALS
B. HIP AND SHOULDER
C. ATLANTO-OCCIPITAL, RADIO-CARPAL
D. ATLANTO-AXIAL, PROXIMAL RADIO- ULNAR JT
E. CARPO-METACARPAL OF THE THUMB, STERNOCLAVICULAR JT
F. HUMERO- ULNAR JT, INTERPHALANGEAL JT

Question 30

WHAT IS:
- SIMPLE
- COMPOUND
- COMPLEX

Answer 30

• SIMPLE: 2 SURFACES WITH SIMPLE ARTICULATION , SHOULDER JT
• COMPOUND: MORE THAN 2 ARTICULATING SURFACES, ELBOW JT
• COMPLEX: JOINT DIVIDED INTO 2 COMPARTMENTS BY INTRA ARTICULAR DISC, KNEE JT