Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ANATOMY > KIDNEY AND URETER > Flashcards

KIDNEY AND URETER Flashcards

1
Q

STATE THE FUNCTIONS OF KIDNEY.

A
  1. URINE PRODUCTION
    - Eliminate the toxic metabolites through urine
  2. BLOOD PRESSURE REGULATION
    - Regulate the amount of fluid in the body by increasing or decreasing urine production
  3. HORMONES PRODUCTION
    - Example: calcitriol and erythropoietin
  4. ACID- BASE BALANCE REGULATION
    - Maintaining the pH of blood at 7.4 by decreasing or increasing the excretion of hydrogen ions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

STATE THE LOCATION OF THE KIDNEY.

A

KIDNEY LIES AT THE POSTERIOR ABDOMINAL REGION AT EACH SIDE OF THE VERTEBRAL COLUMN (LUMBAR AREA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

RIGHT KIDNEY IS SLIGHTLY ____ COMPARED TO THE LEFT KIDNEY D/T THE PRESENCE OF ___.

A

INFERIOR
D/T THE PRESENCE OF LIVER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

THE SURFACE MARKING OF KIDNEY IS ___ TO ___.

A

T12 TO L3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

RENAL ANGLE IS ALSO KNOWN AS ___.

A

VERTEBROCOSTAL ANGLE.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

RENAL ANGLE IS BETWEEN THE ___.

A

INFERIOR BORDER OF THE 12TH RIB AND THE LATERAL BORDER OF THE ERECTOR SPINAE MUSCLES.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

RENAL ANGLE IS USED IN ___.

A
  1. BEDSIDE EXAMINATION OF THE KIDNEY
  2. REFERRED PAIN
  3. INCISION SITE FOR RENAL BIOPSY
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

EXTERNAL FEATURES OF KIDNEY
1. SUPERIOR POLE
2. INFERIOR POLE
3. LATERAL BORDER
4. MEDIAL BORDER
5. ANTERIOR SURFACE
6. POSTERIOR SURFACE

A
  1. SUPERIOR POLE - ADRENAL GLAND (BROAD)
  2. INFERIOR POLE: ROUNDED
  3. LATERAL BORDER: MAJOR CONVEXITY
  4. MEDIAL BORDER: MINOR CONCAVITY
  5. ANTERIOR SURFACE: IRREGULAR
  6. POSTERIOR SURFACE: FLAT
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

STATE THE 5 SEGMENTS OF KIDNEY.

A
  1. SUPERIOR SEGMENT
  2. ANTERIOR SUPERIOR SEGMENT
  3. ANTERIOR INFERIOR SEGMENT
  4. INFERIOR SEGMENT
  5. POSTERIOR SEGMENT
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

STATE 2 RENAL LAYERS AND BRIEFLY DESC.

A

2 RENAL LAYERS:
1. RENAL CORTEX
- COVERED BY THE RENAL CAPSULE
- OUTERMOST LAYER
- CONSIST OF NEPHRONS
2. RENAL MEDULLA
- CONSIST OF RENAL PYRAMID
- INNERMOST LAYER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

WHAT IS RENAL COLUMN?

A

RENAL COLUMN IS THE CORTICAL TISSUE IN BETWEEN THE RENAL PYRAMID

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

WHAT IS RENAL PYRAMID?

A

RENAL PYRAMID CAN BE FOUND IN THE RENAL MEDULLA. THE BASE OF THE RENAL PYRAMID IS THE CORTICOMEDULLARY JUNCTION. THE APEX OF THE RENAL PYRAMID IS THE RENAL PAPILLA.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

RENAL PYRAMID + RENAL CORTEX =

A

RENAL LOBE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

RENAL SINUS IS THE CAVITY WITHIN THE KIDNEY WHICH IS OCCUPIED BY (5) :

A
  1. RENAL PELVIS
  2. RENAL CALYCES
  3. BLOOD VESSELS
  4. NERVES
  5. FATS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

RENAL HILUM IS AT THE ___ FISSURE AND LOCATED AT THE ___ WHICH IS AT THE LEVEL OF ___.

A

RENAL HILUM IS AT THE CENTRAL FISSURE AND LOCATED AT THE MEDIAL BORDER OF THE KIDNEY FACING ANTEROMEDIALLY WHICH IS AT THE LEVEL OF TRANSPYLORIC PLANE (BETWEEN L1 AND L2).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

RENAL HILUM CONSIST OF ___.

A

RENAL VEIN
RENAL ARTERY
URETER
LYMPH VESSELS
SYMPATHETIC NERVE FIBRES
FATS

17
Q

RENAL PAPILLA EXTEND BECOMING ___ RENAL CALYX THEN BECOME ___ RENAL CALYX THEN FURTHER EXTEND INTO ___ THEN FORMING THE URETER.

A

RENAL PAPILLA -> MINOR RENAL CALYX -> MAJOR RENAL CALYX -> RENAL PELVIS -> URETER

18
Q

STATE THE COVERINGS OF THE KIDNEY FROM INNER TO OUTER LAYER.

A
  1. RENAL CAPSULE
  2. PERIRENAL (PERINEPHRIC) FAT
  3. RENAL FASCIA
  4. PARARENAL (PARANEPHRIC) FATS
  5. PARIETAL PERITONEUM
19
Q

DESC RENAL FASCIA.

A
  • ANTERIOR PERIRENAL FASCIA = GEROTA FASCIA
  • GEROTA FASCIA IS A THIN LAMINA THAT PASSES AROUND THE FRONT OF THE KIDNEY AND VARIABLY INTERLEAVES WITH THE OPPOSITE ANTERIOR FASCIA
  • ZUCKERKANDL FASCIA = POSTERIOR PERIRENAL FASCIA
  • ZUCKERKANDL FASCIA IS A THICKER POSTERIOR FASCIA WHICH CONTINUES ANTEROLATERALLY AS THE LATEROCONAL FASCIA AND FUSES WITH THE PARIETAL PERITONEUM.
20
Q

DESC THE ANTERIOR PERIRENAL FASCIA.

A
  • ANTERIOR PERIRENAL FASCIA = GEROTA FASCIA
  • GEROTA FASCIA IS A THIN LAMINA THAT PASSES AROUND THE FRONT OF THE KIDNEY AND VARIABLY INTERLEAVES WITH THE OPPOSITE ANTERIOR FASCIA
21
Q

DESC THE POSTERIOR PERIRENAL FASCIA.

A
  • ZUCKERKANDL FASCIA = POSTERIOR PERIRENAL FASCIA
  • ZUCKERKANDL FASCIA IS A THICKER POSTERIOR FASCIA WHICH CONTINUES ANTEROLATERALLY AS THE LATEROCONAL FASCIA AND FUSES WITH THE PARIETAL PERITONEUM.
22
Q

RENAL FASCIA ATTACHMENT:
- MEDIALLY

A
  • ANTERIOR TO THE KIDNEY -> RENAL VESSELS -> INFERIOR VENA CAVA -> ABDOMINAL AORTA -> ANT. LAYER OF THE RENAL FASCIA OF THE OPPOSITE KIDNEY
23
Q

RENAL FASCIA ATTACHMENT:
- LATERRALLY

A
  • FUSE WITH THE PSOAS MAJOR -> VERTEBRAL BODIES -> TRANVERSALIS FASCIA
24
Q

RENAL FASCIA ATTACHMENT:
- SUPERIORLY.

A
  • ANT. AND POST. LAYERS FUSE AT THE UPPER POLE OF THE KIDNEY -> SPLIT -> ENCLOSE THE ADRENAL GLAND -> FUSE WITH THE DIAPHRAGMATIC FASCIA
25
Q

RENAL FASCIA ATTACHMENT:
- INFERIORLY

A
  • DOES NOT FUSE -> POSTERIOR LAYERS DESCENDS DOWNWARDS -> FUSE WITH ILIAC FASCIA -> ANT. LAYER BLENDS WITH THE CT OF THE ILIAC FASCIA
26
Q

KIDNEYS RELATIONS

A

REFER TO NOTES!!!

27
Q

LOCATIONS OF THE BRODEL’S LINE.

A
  • BETWEEN THE ANTERIOR SEGMENTAL ARTERY AND POSTERIOR SEGMENTAL ARTERY
  • THE SECTION OF RENAL PARENCHYMA BETWEEN 2/3 ANTERIOR AND 1/3 POSTERIOR KIDNEY ON THE CROSS SECTION
28
Q

THE CLINICAL IMPORTANCE OF BRODEL’S LINE.

A
  • NEPHROSTOMY INSERTION
  • NEPHROLITHOTOMU
  • PARTIAL NEPHRECTOMY

ANATOMY (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions