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Orthopedic and Wound Emergencies > Joint Effusions > Flashcards

Joint Effusions Flashcards

1
Q

Joint Effusion..

A

Fluid in the joint

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2
Q

4 Big causes of joint effusions

A
  1. Bursitis
  2. Blood
  3. Septic arthritis
  4. Gout
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3
Q

Bursitis

A

Inflammation of a bursal sace

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4
Q

What cause bursitis

A

Overuse

Bacteral/Fungi invasion

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5
Q

Blood/Hemophilia can be from

A

Trauma
Surgery
Anticoag
Medication

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6
Q

Septic Arthritis can be from

A

Bacterial invasion into joint space carried through the blood

Infect cartilage at end of the bone - can wear down in 24 hrs destroying the joint

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7
Q

Who is more vulnerable to have septic arthritis?

A

Peds due to more holes in bone (hip or knee)

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8
Q

Gout is from…

A

People who produce too much uric acid or don’t excrete it

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9
Q

What does too much uric acid form into?

A

Urate crystals

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10
Q

What do urate crystals cause?

A

Gouty tophi

Bulbous growths on your joints under your skin

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11
Q

Where is gouty tophi prominate?

A

Big toe because gravity pulls uric acid down

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12
Q

Bursitis needle aspiration

A

Clear/Straw colored

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13
Q

Blood needle aspiration

A

Red with RBCs

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14
Q

Septic Arthritis needles aspiration

A 
Elevated WBC (100,000)
Positive gram stain
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15
Q

Gout needle aspiration

A

urate crystals

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16
Q

Bursitis tx

A

NSAIDs
RICE
Steroids

17
Q

Blood Tx

A

Aspiration
Direct Pressure
Underlying Cuase

18
Q

Septic arthritis Tx

A

Sudden ONSET
Antibiotic therapy
Immobilize the Joint

19
Q

Gout Tx

A

NSAIDs

Gout Rx

20
Q

Gout Rx to reduce local inflammation

A

Cholcrys (Cholchicine)

21
Q

Gout is worse..

A

at night

22
Q

Gout Rx to increase urice acid excretions

A

Probenecid

Sulfinpyrazone (Anturane)

23
Q

Gout Rx to reduce uric acid production

A

Allopurinol

24
Q

What to Rx to avoid w/ Gout

A

Thiazide diuretics and ETOH (known to recirculate uric acid) worsens pt condition

25
Q

What do decrease in your diet w/ Gout?

A

Purine Intake

26
Q

Examples of purine intake

A

Yeast, mussels, salmon, sardines, herring, bacon, organ meats

27
Q

Can you take ASA w/ gout?

A

Avoid it - interferes w/ uric acid circulation`

28
Q

What vitamin should you take with gout

A

Vitamin C

29
Q

What should you drink with gout to reduce symptoms

A

coffee - dairy products

30
Q

What activity can reduce symptoms of gout

A

Physical fitness

Orthopedic and Wound Emergencies (11 decks)

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