Joint Classification By Movement Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 3 classifications of joints based on movement

A

Synarthroses, Amphiarthroses, Diarthroses

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2
Q

Define Arthrology

A

Study of joints (arthroses)
Arthron - greek “joint”
Ology - “study”

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3
Q

What is the articulation of arthroses?

A

Joint btwn bone or cartilage

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4
Q

What is the function of arthroses?

A

Confer stability/motion btwn structures

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5
Q

Define the joint classes by their degree of motion + histology

A

Synarthroses:
fibrous, no/limited movement
Amphiarthroses:
cartilaginous, slightly moveable
Diarthroses:
synovial, ^moveable

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6
Q

What is an example of Synarthroses?

A

Sutures (syn = “together with”)

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7
Q

What is the ultimate fate of most synarthroses/amphiarthroses?

A

Synostosis - fusion of joint

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8
Q

When does synostosis occur and in what features?

A

Btwn sutures in adulthood
Some symphyses by adulthood
All synchondroses

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9
Q

Define synchondroses and give an example

A

Synarthroses bound by single cartilage layer (e.g. vertebrae)

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10
Q

What fusions are considered pathological?

A

Fusion of:
- Intervertebral discs (xcpt in sacrum)
- Pubic symphysis
- Craniosynostosis

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11
Q

What is Craniosynostosis? When does it occur?

A

Fusion of cranial sutures before completion of bone skull growth. Before birth / in early childhood

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12
Q

Define Amphiarthroses. What are examples?

A

Slightly moveable (amphi- greek “on both sides”)
Syndesmoses; Symphyses (e.g. IVD, pubic)

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13
Q

Define Diarthroses. What are examples?

A

Highly moveable (synovial), cavitated (Dia - “across thru”)
Knee, Shoulder, Hip

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14
Q

What’s the difference btwn synarthroses and amphiarthroses?

A

Synarthroses - immovable
Amphiarthroses - slightly moveable

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15
Q

What is synostosis and what joints typically undergo this process? When is synostosis pathological? Do any of these conditions result in intellectual impairment?

A

Fusion of joint - most synarthroses/amphiarthroses; sutures + some symphyses by adulthood;
Fusion of IVD and/or pubic symphysis;
Craniosynostosis: fusion of cranial sutures before before birth / in childhood restricts brain growth. NO intellectual impairment

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16
Q

What gives ligaments the ability to stretch? What kind of amphiarthrosis is defined by bones connected by a fibrous ligament?

A

Fibrous CT
Syndesmoses

17
Q

What type of joint would confer the most motion? The most stability?

A

Synovial (Diarthroses)
Synarthroses (Sutures)