Joint Classification By Movement Flashcards
Name the 3 classifications of joints based on movement
Synarthroses, Amphiarthroses, Diarthroses
Define Arthrology
Study of joints (arthroses)
Arthron - greek “joint”
Ology - “study”
What is the articulation of arthroses?
Joint btwn bone or cartilage
What is the function of arthroses?
Confer stability/motion btwn structures
Define the joint classes by their degree of motion + histology
Synarthroses:
fibrous, no/limited movement
Amphiarthroses:
cartilaginous, slightly moveable
Diarthroses:
synovial, ^moveable
What is an example of Synarthroses?
Sutures (syn = “together with”)
What is the ultimate fate of most synarthroses/amphiarthroses?
Synostosis - fusion of joint
When does synostosis occur and in what features?
Btwn sutures in adulthood
Some symphyses by adulthood
All synchondroses
Define synchondroses and give an example
Synarthroses bound by single cartilage layer (e.g. vertebrae)
What fusions are considered pathological?
Fusion of:
- Intervertebral discs (xcpt in sacrum)
- Pubic symphysis
- Craniosynostosis
What is Craniosynostosis? When does it occur?
Fusion of cranial sutures before completion of bone skull growth. Before birth / in early childhood
Define Amphiarthroses. What are examples?
Slightly moveable (amphi- greek “on both sides”)
Syndesmoses; Symphyses (e.g. IVD, pubic)
Define Diarthroses. What are examples?
Highly moveable (synovial), cavitated (Dia - “across thru”)
Knee, Shoulder, Hip
What’s the difference btwn synarthroses and amphiarthroses?
Synarthroses - immovable
Amphiarthroses - slightly moveable
What is synostosis and what joints typically undergo this process? When is synostosis pathological? Do any of these conditions result in intellectual impairment?
Fusion of joint - most synarthroses/amphiarthroses; sutures + some symphyses by adulthood;
Fusion of IVD and/or pubic symphysis;
Craniosynostosis: fusion of cranial sutures before before birth / in childhood restricts brain growth. NO intellectual impairment
