Joint and Ligaments of the Shoulder, Arm & Elbow Flashcards
What is the only articulation connecting the upper limb to the axial skeleton?
The sternoclavicular joint.
Which structures form the sternoclavicular joint?
The manubrium of the sternum, the medial end of the clavicle, and the 1st costal cartilage.
What type of joint is the sternoclavicular joint?
A synovial saddle joint.
Which ligaments reinforce the sternoclavicular joint?
The sternoclavicular ligament, the interclavicular ligament, and the costoclavicular ligament
What is the function of the sternoclavicular ligament?
It stabilizes the sternoclavicular joint by reinforcing the connection between the sternum and clavicle.
What is the role of the interclavicular ligament?
It provides additional support by connecting the clavicles across the manubrium.
What is the function of the costoclavicular ligament?
It anchors the clavicle to the 1st rib and costal cartilage, providing stability to the sternoclavicular joint.
Which structures form the acromioclavicular joint?
The acromial end of the clavicle and the acromion process of the scapula
What type of joint is the acromioclavicular joint?
A plane-type synovial joint.
Which ligaments reinforce the acromioclavicular joint?
The acromioclavicular ligament, coracoacromial ligament, and coracoclavicular ligament.
What is the function of the acromioclavicular ligament?
It strengthens the joint capsule and stabilizes the connection between the acromion and clavicle.
What is the role of the coracoacromial ligament in the AC joint?
It forms a protective arch over the head of the humerus, preventing upward displacement
What is the function of the coracoclavicular ligament?
It stabilizes the clavicle by anchoring it to the coracoid process of the scapula.
The coracoclavicular ligament is divided into which two parts?
The conoid ligament and the trapezoid ligament.
What is the specific role of the conoid ligament?
It prevents excessive upward movement of the clavicle.
What is the specific role of the trapezoid ligament?
It resists shearing forces that might separate the clavicle from the scapula.
What type of joint is the glenohumeral joint?
A synovial ball-and-socket joint.
Which structures form the glenohumeral joint?
The glenoid cavity of the scapula and the head of the humerus.
What is a key feature of the glenohumeral joint in terms of mobility and stability?
It has high mobility but low stability.
What structures reinforce the stability of the glenohumeral joint?
The labrum, ligaments, and muscles.
What is the function of the glenoid labrum?
It deepens the glenoid cavity, improving stability of the joint.
What is the role of the transverse humeral ligament in the glenohumeral joint?
It holds the tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii in place within the intertubercular groove of the humerus.
What is the function of the coracohumeral ligament?
It strengthens the superior part of the glenohumeral joint and resists downward displacement of the humeral head.
What is the role of the subacromial bursa in the glenohumeral joint?
It reduces friction between the supraspinatus tendon and the acromion, facilitating smooth shoulder movements.
