Joint Action Definitions

Question 1

Flexion

Answer 1

Decreases angle of joint in sagittal plane

Question 2

Extension

Answer 2

Increases angle of joint in sagittal plane

Question 3

Hyperextension

Answer 3

Goes beyond anatomical position in sagittal plane

Question 4

Abduction

Answer 4

Moves bone away from midline in frontal plane

Question 5

Adduction

Answer 5

Moves bone toward midline in frontal plane

Question 6

Rotation

Answer 6

Bone spins around its own axis

Question 7

Circumduction

Answer 7

Bone describes a cone, in space (point of cone is on joint)

Question 8

Supination

Answer 8

Movement of radius around ulna so palm faces forward or up

Question 9

Pronation

Answer 9

Movement of radius around ulna so palm faces backward or down

Question 10

Inversion

Answer 10

The sole of the foot turns medially, at ankle

Question 11

Eversion

Answer 11

The sole of the foot turn laterally at ankle

Question 12

Elevation

Answer 12

The jaw or shoulder moves upward (as in closing mouth, shrugging up)

Question 13

Depresssion

Answer 13

The mandible or shoulder moves downward (as in dropping jaw)

Question 14

Radial Deviation

Answer 14

Wrist swings in frontal plane towards radius

Question 15

Ulnar Deviation

Answer 15

Wrist swings in frontal plane toward ulna

Question 16

Protraction

Answer 16

Jaw or shoulder moves forward in sagittal plane

Question 17

Retraction

Answer 17

Jaw or shoulder moves backward in sagittal plane

Question 18

Dorsi-flexion

Answer 18

Movement of the ankle where the toes move superiorly

Question 19

Plantar-flexion

Answer 19

Movement of the ankle where the toes move inferiorly

Question 20

Opposition

Answer 20

Thumb can touch each fingertip

Question 21

Reposition

Answer 21

Thumb and fingertips go back to anatomical position