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Philosophy > Jesus Christ > Flashcards

Jesus Christ Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Specification for Jesus Christ?

A

-Son of God
-A teacher of Wisdom
-Liberator

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2
Q

In the yer 451 what was Jesus acknowledged as by mainstream christians?

A

Fully human and fully Divine.

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3
Q

What did Jews refer to son of God as?

A

The ‘anointed one’

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4
Q

What is the anointed one in Greek

A

Christos

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5
Q

What is the anointed one in Hebrew?

A

Messiah

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6
Q

How did Jews view the ‘Son of God’?

A

-The individual was chosen by God as a representative
-They believed that he would free the Israelite morally spiritually and politically

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7
Q

How did Gentiles view the ‘Son of God’?

A

The individual is Divine.

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8
Q

How do Christians today view the ‘Son of God’?

A

A unique title that identifies Jesus as Divine.

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9
Q

What is the word for Jesus being fully human and fully divine?

A

Hypo-static Union

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10
Q

The doctrine of the trinity is there were any contrary beliefs what would they be regarded as?

A

Heresies

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11
Q

What makes Jesus equal to God in a way?

A

He is God made flesh (incarnate)

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12
Q

What is the heresy about God’s adopted son?

A

Adoptionism-Jesus was adopted by God at his baptism,but God left him when he died on the cross as a human.

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13
Q

What is the heresy of Fully Divine?

A

Docetism-Jesus appeared to be human.

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14
Q

What is the heresy of Arianism?

A

Jesus is more than a human but less important that God

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15
Q

What are the two main creeds drawn by the Church Council after Jesus’s death?

A

Apostles Creed
Nicene Creed

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16
Q

What in Apostle’s creed indicated that Jesus is the son of God?

A

‘I believe in Jesus Christ his only begotten son’

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17
Q

What in Nicene creed indicates that Jesus is the son of God?

A

‘Begotten of the father’

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18
Q

Who’s Gospel emphasises Jesus’s Divinity the most?

A

John’s

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19
Q

Who’s Gospel was written last?

A

John’s Gospel

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20
Q

What is a popular suggestion of why John’s Gospel presents Jesus as most Divine?

A

He was trying to distinguish Christianity more clearly from Judaism.

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21
Q

What are 2 I am statements?

A

‘i am the light of the world’
‘i am the the way, the truth, the life

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22
Q

What is so special about John’s ‘i am’ statments?

A

The Greek version of the old testament referred to the unspoken name of God in the same way John writes.

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23
Q

What is an example of God saying i am?

A

Moses and the burning bush.

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24
Q

What Goes against the I am from John’s Gospel?

A

He wrote much later on so he may have wanted to match the theology at the time rather than have historical accuracy.

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25
Q

What are three examples of Jesus simply being a human?

A

-Jesus clearing the temple of merchants,shows he is emotional and angry.
-His death, he was distressed and fearful
-Lacking full knowledge, unaware of who touched his cloak

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26
Q

What are the 3 temptations indicated Jesus could simply be human?

A

-turning stone into bread
-Jumping off a mounting for a angel to catch him
-Worshipping the devil in exchange for power

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27
Q

How would Christians respond to the examples of perhaps Jesus Christ is Human

A

Demonstrates only one aspect of Jesus.

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28
Q

What did Jesus refer to himself as?

A

‘The son of Man’

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29
Q

Did Jesus ever refer to himself as the Son of God?

A

No however in the new testament God does.

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30
Q

What are 2 reasons as to why Jesus never referred to himself as the ‘Son of God’

A

-He didn’t want any unwanted attention
-‘Son of God’ was written in later
the ‘synoptic gospels’ wrote similarly however John’s was the only one which differs.

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31
Q

How is Jesus’s relationship with God seen as intimate?

A

-refer to God as ‘Abba’
>however it is argued this is no different to Christians
-Jesus pleading to God in the Garden of Gethsemane
-referring to the temple as ‘my father’s house’.

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32
Q

What part in John’s Gospel is Jesus referring to himself as God?

A

‘The father and i are one’
‘Whoever has seen me has seen the father’

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33
Q

What goes against John Gospel of Jesus being God?

A

-Jesus was simply trying to emphasise his relationship with God.
-Trying to reflect God’s will
-‘The father is greater than i’

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34
Q

What do many theologians believe Jesus was?

A

Jesus believed himself to be a prophet as he refers to his fulfilment of prophecies many times.
-Also the old testament does not belief the messiah would be divine so why would Jesus

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35
Q

How does Karl Rahner respond to the fact Jesus seemed to lack knowledge?

A

-Compared to a onion with many layers
-Top layer’s being his human awareness
-Deeper layers as divine consciousness

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36
Q

Why do many scholars believe that the question if Jesus is unique is unhelpful?

A

The question is ambiguous as there is no point in his life where he is uniquely the son of God.

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37
Q

What did Garard o collins say about Jesus being Unique?

A

It’s impossible to truly know oneself

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38
Q

What is a miracle?

A

A extraordinary event that cannot be explained.

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39
Q

What were Jesus’s categories of Miracles?

A

-Healing the sick
-power over nature
-exorcism
-Rasing the dead

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40
Q

What was seen as Jesus’s Greatest miracle?

A

His resurrection
‘on the third day he rose’
Sets him apart from miracle workers.

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41
Q

What also makes Jesus Unique other than the resurrection?

A

-His contraception
-His birth
-Relationship with God

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42
Q

Explain his Unique contraception.

A

-Mary is a Virgin
-It was a result of the Holy spirit
-She is known as the ‘God-bearer’

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43
Q

Explain Jesus’s Unique birth.

A

Luke Gospel
‘today as saviour has been born’
-Descendant of King David
-He was born in a stable and 3 wise men travelled far to see him

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44
Q

How is Jesus’s relationship with God Unique?

A

God appeared in his baptism and transfiguration

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45
Q

Explain how God was present in Jesus’s baptism and transfiguration.

A

Baptism-he was baptised by John the baptist and he saw heaven open ‘this is my son’
Transfiguration-Voice of God declared Jesus is his son

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46
Q

What is the main reason as to why Jesus’s miracles do not make him divine?

A

Magicians was a commonplace

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47
Q

From Jesus’s Miracles what Could he be?

A

A prophet.

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48
Q

What are examples of other prophets miracles?

A

-Moses parting the red sea.
-Jesus raising widow’s sine from the dead
similar to Elijah in OT

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49
Q

What could counter the belief that Jesus may not be unique in the bases of his miracles?

A

Christians believe the power came from Jesus directly.

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50
Q

How did his Miracles show he was a liberator of the marginalised?

A

He healed women lepers and Gentiles.

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51
Q

How does Jesus’s Resurrection show he is divine?

A

Gospels made and effort to show that Jesus died and was buried.

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52
Q

What supports that Jesus’s resurrection should be taken literally?

A

-literal truth is absolute requirement in the christian faith.
-Gospels accounts show that the tomb was empty
-‘Doubting thomas’

53
Q

How does St Paul counter the literal interpretation alone?

A

He wrote before the Gospels however never mentioned a tomb.

54
Q

What are reasons as to why Christians should take a symbolic approach?

A

-Jesus living in a spiritual sense
-Gospel accounts added the part later to emphasise Jesus’s divinity
-Rudolf Bultmen,must demythologise the bible to make it more accessible.

55
Q

What is the Messianic secret?

A

Jesus told witnesses of his miracles to not talk about what they saw.

56
Q

How does the Messianic secret indicate he is divine?

A

Other magicians would want to seek out a audience.

57
Q

What are two way which made Jesus’s miracles more significant than a prophet?

A

-Would heal individual by saying there sins are forgiven.
>something only God could do
-Calming of the storm
>Jews believed only God could calm nature.

58
Q

What does the Catholic church say to argue miracles make him the son of God?

A

-Miracles were referred to as ‘signs’
-‘Bear witness that he is the son of God’

59
Q

How do theologians counter the fact that miracles indicate his divinity?

A

-special moments of insights of his teachings
-His miracles were referred to as many things e.g ‘wonder’
-Used to illustrate his teachings and understanding of God.

60
Q

What are the two set text for Jesus is the son of God?

A

Mark 52- Jesus walks on water and calms the storm
John 41- Jesus heals the man born blind.

61
Q

Explain the Mark 52 -Son of God

A

-Boat was in the middle of the lake
-The wind was against the disciples
-Jesus began walking on the lake
-Disciples thought he was a Ghost
-‘take courage it is i , do not be afraid’
-The wind dies down
-They had not understood about the loaves.

62
Q

What does the line in Mark 52-‘they had not understood about the loaves’ reference too?

A

His miracles of feeding 5000 people 5 loaves of bread and 2 fish.

63
Q

What are two reasons which counter that Jesus was walking on water?

A

-It was dark and the disciples were sleepy
>account seems dream like
-Sea of Galilee is foggy and shallow

64
Q

What in mark 52-indicates Jesus’s divinity?

A

‘it is i’

65
Q

What counters Jesus’s divinity in Mark 52?

A

-‘i am’ statements are only referred to in Johns Gospel not marks
>doesn’t carry meaning
-Jesus spoke Aramaic not Greek
Literacy device.
-Perhaps it is symbolic of how the disciples had difficulty believing

66
Q

What are the 3 Key point John 41 is trying to show?

A

-Jesus is the Messiah referred to in the OT
-Jesus’s power comes from God
-Jesus had come to heal spiritual blindness and to put people before the laws

67
Q

Explains John 41- Son of God

A

-Disciples ask ‘Rabbi ,who sinned’
-Jesus says ‘this happened so the works of God could be displayed on him’
-After saying ‘i am the light of the world’ he spat on the ground and made mud w saliva and placed it on the man’s eyes
-Told him to wash his eyes in the lake of saleom
-Pharisees questioning , ‘you were steeped in sin at birth how dare you lecture us’.

68
Q

What in John 41 indicates Jesus as Divine and perhaps the son of God?

A

-He asks do you believe in the son of man
-Man says tell me
-Jesus he is the one speaking to you
-Lord i believe you and he then worshipped him

69
Q

What in John 41 makes him divine?

A

‘i am the light of the world’
Claiming divinity
in greek ego eimi it is the divine name and how God refers to himself to moses

70
Q

What does the mud on the eyes represent to some in John 41?

A

God creating human from dust on the ground-Genesis 2

71
Q

What in the Man born bling (John 41) indicates that he differs from the prophets and angels?

A

When the man began to worship him he did not tell him to stop whereas a prophets would and tell them to worship God.

72
Q

What is wisdom teacher in Greek?

A

‘Sophia’

73
Q

What is a wisdom teacher recognised as?

A

A spiritual occupation, restoring balance to society and has knowledge beyond this realm.

74
Q

How did Jesus teach?

A

-Through parables to make a point through symbolism.
-Short memorable sayings
-Actions, agape love

75
Q

Where does Jesus’s wisdom come from?

A

-He is God
-Baptism and transfiguration which gave him direct access to God
>making people believe he was completely divine

76
Q

What are the 4 points indicating that Jesus was simply a teacher of wisdom?

A

-Supernatural elements should be stripped away and you would be left with a wisdom teacher.
-There is little evidence of Jesus being divine or himself thinking he was
-E.P Sanders,Main aim was to purify Judaism
-Islam accepts this understanding.

77
Q

What could also make Jesus more than a Teacher of wisdom?

A

Teaching were political and religious statements.
e.g Samaritan

78
Q

What are Examples of Jesus teaching Forgiveness?

A

-Mathew, forgiveness must be excessive
>pray daily for it
>Reconciliation before prayer
-forgive others for God to forgive you
-outcasts must be drawn back to society.

79
Q

What is the meaning of repentance?

A

Radical change of mindset

80
Q

What is repentance in Greek?

A

Metanoia

81
Q

How is repentance shown?

A

In the Prodigal Son

82
Q

What did Jesus criticise the Pharisees of doing?

A

Being more concerned about the outward appearance of religion than heart.
e.g Parable of Pharisee and tax collector

83
Q

Which commandment is the Sabbath?

A

The 4th

84
Q

What was the Sabath?

A

Social justice-Everyone is entitles to a free day of Labour.

85
Q

What are the 2 set text for Jesus a teacher of wisdom?

A

-Luke 32 Parable of the lost son
-Mathew 38 Sermon on the Mt

86
Q

What was Jesus’s view of the Sabbath?

A

People would often use Sabbath laws and rituals to avoid social responsibility.

87
Q

What was Jesus’s famous saying regarding the Sabbath?

A

‘The Sabbath was made for man not man for the Sabbath’

88
Q

Overall What did Jesus believe of the Sabbath?

A

-laws are there to help not restrict
-purity is what is on the inside
-Morality is personal responsibility no blindly obeying rules.

89
Q

What are 2 Quotes form the Parable of the Pharisee and tax collector displaying Jesus’s thoughts on inner purity and moral motivation?

A

‘i fast twice a week and give a tenth of all i get’-humbled
‘God have mercy on me a sinner’-exalted

90
Q

Explain the Parable of the sheep and Goat.

A

-‘for i was hungry and you gave me something to eat’
-‘I was thirsty and you gave me something to drink’
-‘i was in prison and you came to visit me’

91
Q

What is the Parable of the Sheep and Goat showing?

A

God will judge us on our attitude to other.

92
Q

Explain the Parable of the rich an in Lazarus.

A

‘Remember in your lifetime you have received good things’
agony
‘He went through bad things’
comforted

93
Q

What did both the Parable of the sheep and goat and the Parable of the rich man in Lazarus Challenge?

A

The belief that the rich would be rewarded in heaven and are favoured by God.

94
Q

Explain the Prodigal son.

A

-The young son wanted his inheritance
-He left and spent everything and was in need
-He went to his father and said ‘father i have sinned against heaven and against you’
-and the father forgave him and hugged him and celebrated the fact the young son came back.
-The older brother refused to celebrate as he was angry.

95
Q

How does the son achieve forgiveness in the Parable of the lost son?

A

By getting up and going to the father (actions).

96
Q

How is the Older brother’s response interpreted?

A

It is a warning from Jesus of forgiveness as no one is superior than another.

97
Q

What is one reason as to why perhaps Jesus was only a teacher of wisdom?

A

Perhaps he was there to simply reform Judaism by challenging the Religious leaders at the time.
E.P Sanders

98
Q

What can completely reject the fact that Jesus may have been a Wisdom teacher alone?

A

He taught many different things in different ways to be place in a narrow category.

99
Q

What was the relationship between religion and politics in first century Palestine?

A

-Religion and Politics were inseparable
-Jesus challenging religious authorities is argued to be a political statement too.

100
Q

What do Christians generally argue about Jesus being a Political figure?

A

-They reject that depiction of Jesus as a revolutionary figure
-As if he was then the spiritual purpose behind Jesus’s life and the redemption and salvation would be lost
-Goes against Jesus being a loving and peaceful figure

101
Q

How has Jesus as a Liberator impacted Christian life?

A

-Provides a model on how to challenge a unjust world
-It requires Christians to defend the lowly

102
Q

Explain roman rule over the Jews.

A

-Jews were heavily taxed leaving them in poverty and suffering

103
Q

How did the Jews face oppression?

A

The story of Exodus
God saved Jewish people from the Egyptians through Moses
-This gave Jews hope that God may send another.

104
Q

What did Jews would happen due to the exodus?

A

That God would send a military messiah who would lead a rebellion against the roman rule
-This could suggest a political challenge.

105
Q

What were the Zealots?

A

A small revolutionary group that wanted to overthrow Roman Rule.

106
Q

What is Jesus’s view on the Zealots?

A

He made no conscious effort to show any support.
e.g rode a donkey instead of a war horse.

107
Q

What did Jesus riding a donkey signify?

A

It is peaceful perhaps showing he is not the messiah.

108
Q

How does the Zealots relate to Jesus as a political revolutionary?

A

-Jesus’s followers carried weapons
-His followers had suspicious names e.g Judas
was called Judas Iscariot
-‘ i did not come to bring peace but a sword’

109
Q

What is the triumphal entry?

A

Jesus’s entrance into Jerusalem.

110
Q

Explain how is entry is significant?

A

-ride on donkey
-Greeted by croqwd saying ‘Hosanna’ (save us)
-Crowd lay cloaks on crows and wave there branches.

111
Q

What did Aslan argue about Jesus’s entrance into Jerusalem?

A

The event was deliberately set up by Jesus and his disciples to send a message that Jesus is the savior.

112
Q

What is Passover?

A

A Jewish festival where the Romans would double there troops.
-potentially can lead to a violent revolution.

113
Q

Explain How Jesus ended up getting crucified.

A

-Was arrested for a civic crime
-on the grounds of rebellion and treason

114
Q

How did Jesus promote peace?

A

‘blessed are the peacemakers’
-He stopped the disciples# from defending him in a violent way

115
Q

What is argued about Judas’s betraying to Jesus as a revolutionary figure?

A

That the reason for Judas’s betrayal is because he believed Jesus was not political enough.

116
Q

What supports the fact that Jesus may have not been a revolutionary figure?

A

‘Give back Caesar what belong to Caesar’
‘Let everyone be subject to the governing authorities’

117
Q

What does this support or refute Jesus as: The Disciples would have been arrested.

A

Jesus as a revolutionary figure.

118
Q

What quote does Jesus say indicating he is not concerned of this world?

A

‘My kingdom is not of this world’

119
Q

What are the set text for Jesus as a Liberator?

A

-The parable of the Good Samaritan.Luke 37
-The healing of the woman who bled for 12 years. Mark 34

120
Q

Explain the story of Mark 34.

A

-There was a crowd surrounding Jesus
-Within that crowd was a woman who bled for 12 years
-She touched his cloak because she beleived she would be healed
-she felt she was freed from suffering
-Jesus questioned ‘who touched my cloak
-Daughter your faith has healed.

121
Q

What is believed about bleeding?

A

-it makes one unclean
-anything she touches is unclean
-she suffered both emotional and spiritual pain from her community.

122
Q

What makes the woman as an outcast significant?

A

-Jesus overlooks that she is ritually unclean
-She touched him in theory that makes Jesus unclean
-Jesus responds in love

123
Q

How does the woman bleeding indicate Jesus is Divine?

A

-His power from the cloak healed the woman
-He was aware that he had lost his power.

124
Q

Explain the Parable of the Good Samaritan.
Luke 37

A

-A man was going to Jerichon and was attacked
-he was stripped and beat
-a priest went by and did nothing
-A Levite went by and did nothing
-A Samaritan he bandaged him wounds
-‘God and do likewise’

125
Q

What would defend the priest and the Levite in the good Samaritan?

A

The fact that they didn’t help is because then they would become ritually unclean so unable to do their jobs in the Temples.

126
Q

What is the Jewish view of Samaritans?

A

-worse than gentiles (betrayal of Jewish roots)
-Jews would avoid Samaritan land

127
Q

What are the 2 messages of Luck 37?

A

-Love your enemies,Jesus teaches that all people are equal
-People above laws, The purity laws prevented the Priest and Levite from helping a fellow Jew.

128
Q

What are 3 examples of things that have been misinterpreted in the Sermon on the mount?

A

-You were told ‘ thou shall not murder’ but i tell you not to be angry
-Your were told not ‘to commit adultry’ but i tell you those who look at women lustfully has already committed adultry.
-You have heard ‘eye for an eye and tooth for a tooth’ but i tell not to resist evil people

Philosophy (14 decks)

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