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Private Pilot > Jeppesen Ch 2 > Flashcards

Jeppesen Ch 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Fuselage

A

Provides room for cargo and attachment points for other major airplane components; cabin or cockpit is located in the fuselage

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2
Q

Ailerons

A

Control surfaces on the wings which move in opposite directions when the control wheel is moved, creating aerodynamic forces which roll the airplane in and out of turns

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3
Q

Flaps

A

Control surfaces located on the inner portion of an airplane’s wing, which can be extended to increase the wing’s lift

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4
Q

Empennage

A

The section of the airplane that consists of the vertical stabilizer, the horizontal stabilizer, and the associated control surfaces

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5
Q

Vertical Stabilizer

A

The portion of the empennage to which the rudder is attached. Assists with maintaining a straight path through the air

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6
Q

Horizontal Stabilizer

A

The portion of the empennage containing the elevator/stabilator. Assists with maintaining a straight path through the air

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7
Q

Rudder

A

Attached to the back of the vertical stabilizer, it creates aerodynamic forces which move the nose to the left or right. Operated using foot pedals

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8
Q

Elevator

A

Attached to the back of the horizontal stabilizer, it adjusts when you push forward or pull back on the control wheel, causing the plane to pitch up or down

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9
Q

Stabilator

A

A one-piece horizontal stabilizer which pivots entirely on a central hinge point

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10
Q

Trim Tab

A

A portion of the elevator/stabilator which can be adjusted to help keep the control surface in the desired position

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11
Q

Anti-Servo Tab

A

A tab which provides more feedback to the controls, preventing “over-controlling” the airplane

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12
Q

Oleo Strut

A

A shock absorber which uses oil and compressed air to minimize bumps during landing and taxiing

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13
Q

Differential Braking

A

Applying brakes mostly or only on one side to assist with turning the airplane during taxiing

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14
Q

Powerplant

A

In small airplanes, consists of the engine and propeller

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15
Q

Firewall

A

Component between the engine compartment and the cockpit which protects aircraft occupants and serves as a mounting point for the engine

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16
Q

Propeller

A

Mounted on the front of the airplane, translates the rotational force of the engine into forward thrust

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17
Q

Pilot’s Operating Handbook

A

Material which contains most of the pertinent information about a particular make and model of airplane

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18
Q

Airworthiness Directive

A

Requirements issued by the FAA when conditions are found which might make an aircraft unsafe to operate despite previous certification of airworthiness. The AD will specify repairs, maintenance, inspections, or limitations which are required to ensure the aircraft is flown safely

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19
Q

Kinds of Operations Equipment List

A

A list which specifies which equipment is required for different types of aircraft operation, such as day vs night and VFR vs IFR

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20
Q

FAA Approved Airplane Flight Manual (AFM)

A

Operating manual for an individual airplane which must be accessible by the pilot during flight. Usually the POH for the aircraft.

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21
Q

What is the primary difference between monocoque and semi-monocoque aircraft construction?

A

The monocoque uses the skin to support almost all imposed loads while the semi-monocoque uses a substructure attached to the skin to maintain the shape of the airframe and increase its strength

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22
Q

When you move the control wheel to the left, which way do the ailerons move?

A

The left aileron moves up and the right aileron moves down

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23
Q

True or False? The rudder is located on the horizontal stabilizer

A

False, the rudder is located on the vertical stabilizer

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24
Q

What is the purpose of trim devices?

A

Trim devices aerodynamically help move a control surface or maintain the surface in the desired position

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25
An airplane with a wheel mounted on the tail is equipped with what type of landing gear?
Tailwheel or conventional
26
In addition to providing power to turn the propeller, what other functions does the engine in a typical training airplane perform?
Generate electrical power for accessories, provide vacuum power for some flight instruments, and provide heat for the pilot and passengers
27
Which of the following is required to be in the aircraft during all flight operations? A: Pilot's information manual (PIM) B: Pilot's operating handbook (POH) C: Airplane flight manual (AFM)
C: Airplane flight manual (AFM)
28
Which of the following is required to be in the aircraft during all flight operations? A: Pilot's information manual (PIM) B: Pilot's operating handbook (POH) C: Airplane flight manual (AFM)
C: Airplane flight manual (AFM)
29
An aircraft's annual inspection was performed on June 13, this year. When is the next annual inspection due?
June 30, next year
30
A 100-hour inspection was due at 2202.5 hours on the tachometer. The 100-hour inspection was performed at 2209.5 hours. When is the next 100-hour inspection due?
2302.5 hours, 100 hours after the original due time
31
You discover inoperative equipment on an airplane that you are planning to fly. What four requirements must you check to determine if the equipment must be operational for this flight?
Determine if the inoperative equipment is required by: - The VFR-day type certificate requirements prescribed in the airworthiness certification regulations - FAR 91.205 for the specific kind of flight operation or by other flight rules for the specific kind of flight to be conducted - The aircraft's equipment list or the kinds of operations equipment list (KOEL) - An airworthiness directive (AD)
32
Turbine Engine
An engine which uses rotation to pass fuel through the four stages of the operating cycle in such a way that all four are occurring simultaneously, but in different places in the engine
33
Reciprocating Engine
An engine which functions by the force of pistons moving in and out of cylinders where combustion occurs
34
Four-Stroke Operating Cycle
Intake: Fuel/air mixture is drawn into the piston (or turbine) Compression: The mixture is compressed Power: The gases are ignited and expand Exhaust: The byproducts of combustion are expelled
35
Throttle
Controls engine power by regulating the amount of fuel/air mixture that flows into the cylinders
36
Mixture
The ratio of fuel and air entering the engine
37
Intake Port
An opening which allows air to enter to be mixed with fuel entering the engine
38
Carburetor
A component in many engines where fuel and air are mixed
39
Carburetor Ice
Ice which forms on the inside of the carburetor due to the temperature drop created by the fuel vaporization and pressure decrease. If left unchecked, carb ice can slow or stop the flow of fuel to the engine
40
Carburetor Heat
A system designed to counter the buildup of carburetor ice by allowing air to be warmed by the exhaust system before entering the carburetor
41
Fuel Injection
A type of engine system in which, instead of using a carburetor to vaporize fuel and mix it with air, fuel is injected directly into the cylinders and vaporizes inside the engine
42
Supercharger
Compresses incoming air using a pump driven by the engine to obtain sea-level performance even at higher altitudes
43
Turbocharger
Pressurizes air using a mechanism driven by engine exhaust gases, to obtain sea-level performance even at higher altitudes
44
Magneto
A self-contained, engine-driven unit that supplies electrical current to the spark plugs using a permanent magnet
45
Ignition Switch
A switch, controlled by the key, which starts the engine and controls which magnetos are operating
46
Detonation
An uncontrolled, explosive ignition of the fuel/air mixture within the cylinder's combustion chamber, which causes excessive temperatures and pressures and can lead to failure of the piston, cylinder, or valves
47
Preignition
A condition in which the fuel/air mixture is ignited before the normal timed ignition, caused by a residual hot spot in the cylinder
48
Fuel-Pump System
A system in which an engine-driven pump provides fuel under pressure from the fuel tanks to the engine
49
Fuel Pressure Gauge
Indicator of fuel pressure within a fuel pump system
50
Vapor Lock
Condition caused when high engine temperatures cause bubbles of fuel vapor to form in the fuel lines or fuel pump, disrupting the flow of fuel to the engine
51
Gravity-Feed System
A system in which fuel from high-wing tanks flows by the force of gravity to the engine
52
Fuel Selector Valve
A control which allows the pilot to select which tank is currently supplying fuel to the engine
53
Fuel Strainer
Removes moisture and other sediments which may be in the fuel system before supplying the fuel to the engine
54
Dry-Sump System
System in which oil is contained in a separate tank and circulated by pumps through the engine
55
Wet-Sump System
System in which the oil sump is an integral part of the engine and oil returns to the sump after circulating through the engine
56
Cowl Flaps
Flaps which can open to allow extra airflow for cooling the engine
57
Cylinder Head Temperature Gauge
Indicator which provides a direct temperature reading from one of the cylinders
58
Fixed-Pitch Propeller
Propeller with a blade angle which is set and cannot be changed by the pilot
59
Climb Propeller
A fixed-pitch propeller which is optimized for climb performance
60
Cruise Propeller
A fixed-pitch propeller which is optimized for cruise performance
61
Constant-Speed Propeller
A propeller on which the blade angle is adjustable
62
Propeller Control
Control used to adjust the pitch of propeller blades on a constant-speed propeller
63
Full Authority Digital Engine Control (FADEC)
A computer with associated systems which manage the aircraft's engine and propeller
64
Alternator
A system which creates electrical energy for instruments from the engine
65
Ammeter
Indicator showing if the alternator is producing an adequate supply of electrical power
66
Loadmeter
Indicator showing the total percentage of electrical load placed on the generating capacity of the electrical system
67
Master Switch
Controls the entire electrical system except for the ignition system
68
Standby Battery
A battery isolated from the main electrical system by a relay or switch which can power essential electrical equipment for a limited time after failure of the main electrical system
69
As an airplane climbs, do you enrich or lean the mixture to maintain an optimum fuel/air ratio?
Lean the mixture
70
What is your first indication of carburetor ice in an airplane equipped with a fixed-pitch propeller?
Decrease in engine RPM
71
Explain why an engine equipped with a fuel injection system is less susceptible to induction icing than one equipped with a float-type carburetor
The fuel vaporization that happens in the carburetor causes a substantial temperature drop. Since the fuel injection system introduces fuel directly to the hot cylinders, icing is unlikely to happen
72
The uncontrolled, explosive ignition of the fuel/air mixture within the cylinder's combustion chamber describes which type of abnormal combustion?
Detonation
73
What actions can you take while airborne to help correct for detonation?
Attempt to lower the cylinder temperature. - Reduce power - Enrich mixture - Lower nose to increase airspeed and cooling airflow
74
Select the true statement regarding fuel systems: A: High- and low-wing airplanes with a carburetor typically have gravity-feed systems B: An electric fuel pump provides fuel under pressure to the fuel control unit after engine start C: A fuel-pump system is used in airplanes with fuel injection systems to provide sufficient pressure to the injector nozzles
C: A fuel-pump system is used in airplanes with fuel injection systems to provide sufficient pressure to the injector nozzles
75
True/False: If the fuel grade specified for your airplane is not available, you can use a higher grade of fuel
True
76
Describe at least two functions performed by the engine oil system
- Lubricating the engine's moving parts - Cooling the engine by reducing friction and wicking heat away - Providing a seal between the cylinder walls and pistons - Carrying away contaminants (removed by oil filter)
77
If a constant-speed propeller is set to a high RPM, will the blade pitch (angle) be high or low?
Low
78
True/False: To prevent internal engine damage in an airplane equipped with a constant-speed propeller, you should avoid low RPM settings with a high manifold pressure
True
79
Immediately after engine start, you notice that the ammeter shows a discharge. Is this normal?
No. The ammeter should initially show a charge because the battery power used to start the engine is being replaced.
80
International Standard Atmosphere (ISA)
Standard conditions used as a reference for certain flight instruments and airplane performance data
81
Standard Lapse Rates
Approximate adjustments for temperature and pressure based on elevation Pressure: 1" Hg per 1000' Temperature: 2 degrees C per 1000'
82
Pitot Tube
Pressure-sensitive device which measures impact or ram air pressure
83
Static Port
An opening in a relatively sheltered location on the plane, used to measure air pressure independent of the effects of movement through the air
84
V-speeds
Airspeed limitations for various maneuvers and operations
85
Indicated Altitude
Altitude as measured by the altimeter
86
Pressure Altitude
Height above the standard pressure level of 29.92" Hg. Obtained by setting 29.92 in the barometric pressure window and reading the altimeter
87
Density Altitude
Pressure altitude corrected for nonstandard temperature
88
Calibrated Altitude
Indicated altitude corrected to compensate for installation and instrument errors
89
True Altitude
The actual height of an object above mean sea level
90
Absolute Altitude
Actual height above the surface of the earth, either land or water
91
Rigidity In Space
A wheel spun rapidly will remain in a fixed position in the plane in which it is spinning
92
Precession
Tilting or turning of a gyro in response to pressure
93
Slip
A turn in which the rate of turn is too slow for the angle of bank, and the ball moves to the inside of the turn
94
Skid
A turn in which the rate of turn is too great for the angle of bank, and the ball moves to the outside of the turn
95
Variation (heading)
The difference between the true and magnetic poles at a given point
96
Deviation (heading)
Compass error that occurs due to disturbances from magnetic fields produced by metals and electrical accessories within the airplane
97
Magnetic Dip
The downward pull of the Earth's magnetic field on a compass when near the magnetic poles
98
Integrated Flight Display
Digital flight instruments integrated into a single display (part of a glass cockpit)
99
Primary Flight Display (PFD)
An integrated flight display containing digital versions of traditional analog flight instruments including airspeed, altimeter, VSI, and attitude indicator
100
Multifunction Flight Display (MFD)
An integrated flight display containing secondary information such as map, airport, terrain, and weather data
101
Attitude and Heading Reference System (AHRS)
A system which uses inertial sensors such as electronic gyroscopes and accelerometers to determine the aircraft's attitude relative to the horizon, used in integrated flight displays
102
Magnetometer
A device which senses the magnetic field as a magnetic compass would, but using electronic means of detecting the magnetic lines of force
103
Slip/Skid Indicator
An indicator below the roll pointer in many integrated flight displays which indicates whether the airplane is in a coordinated turn or is slipping/skidding
104
Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI)
A component of an integrated flight display which indicates the current heading
105
Turn Rate Indicator
Index marks on the heading indication in an integrated flight display which assist with making standard-rate turns
106
Trend Vector
An indicator in integrated flight displays which shows what the heading will be in six seconds given the current rate of turn
107
Air Data Computer (ADC)
A computer which, in integrated flight displays, takes information from the pitot tube, static source, and outside air temperature probe to determine appropriate readings for airspeed indicator, altimeter, and vertical speed indicator
108
What is the atmospheric pressure and temperature at sea level in a standard atmosphere?
29.92" Hg 15 C
109
Pitot pressure is used by which flight instrument(s)?
Airspeed indicator only
110
Which important airspeed limitation changes with aircraft weight and is not depicted on the airspeed indicator?
Maneuvering speed (VA)
111
You fly from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure but do not reset your altimeter. Will the altimeter read too high or too low? Why?
Too high. The altimeter will sense the decrease in pressure as an increase in altitude
112
What will be the effect on the airspeed indicator if the static system becomes clogged but the pitot system remains unobstructed?
At altitudes above where the static system became clogged, the airspeed will indicate too low, and vice versa
113
What type of movement is shown by the attitude indicator but not by the turn coordinator?
Pitch
114
True or False? If you accelerate an airplane in the northern hemisphere on a heading of east, your compass will indicate a turn to the south
False

Private Pilot (8 decks)

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