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Private Pilot > ASA Ch 2 > Flashcards

ASA Ch 2 Flashcards

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Charter Pilot (Part 135) - Oral flashcards
1
Q

Should it become necessary to handprop an airplane engine, it is extremely important that a competent pilot
A: call “contact” before touching the propeller
B: be at the controls in the cockpit
C: be in the cockpit and call out all commands

A

B: be at the controls in the cockpit

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2
Q

What should be the first action after starting an aircraft engine?
A: Adjust for proper RPM and check for desired indications on the engine gauges
B: Place the magneto or ignition switch momentarily in the OFF position to check for proper grounding
C: Test each brake and the parking brake

A

A: Adjust for proper RPM and check for desired indications on the engine gauges

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3
Q

What is one purpose for using reciprocating engines?
A: Heat is distributed better
B: To preserve cylinder head duration and maintain lower temperatures
C: They are relatively simple and inexpensive to operate

A

C: They are relatively simple and inexpensive to operate

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4
Q

One purpose of the dual ignition system on an aircraft engine is to provide for
A: improved engine performance
B: uniform head distribution
C: balanced cylinder head pressure

A

A: improved engine performance

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5
Q

An electrical system failure (battery and alternator) occurs during flight. In this situation, you would
A: experience avionics equipment failure
B: probably experience failure of the engine ignition system, fuel gauges, aircraft lighting system, and avionics equipment
C: probably experience engine failure due to the loss of the engine-driven fuel pump and also experience failure of the radio equipment, lights, and all instruments that require alternating current

A

A: experience avionics equipment failure

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6
Q

If the ground wire between the magneto and the ignition switch becomes disconnected, the most noticeable result will be that the engine
A: will run very rough
B: cannot be started with the switch in the ON position
C: cannot be shut down by turning the switch to the OFF position

A

C: cannot be shut down by turning the switch to the OFF position

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7
Q

One purpose of the dual ignition system on a two-cycle engine is to provide for
A: system redundancy in the ignition system
B: uniform heat distribution
C: balanced cylinder head pressure

A

A: system redundancy in the ignition system

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8
Q

Concerning the advantages of an aircraft generator or alternator, select the true statement.
A: A generator always provides more electrical current than an alternator
B: An alternator provides more electrical power at lower engine RPM than a generator
C: A generator charges the battery during low engine RPM; therefore, the battery has less chance to become fully discharged, as often occurs with an alternator

A

B: An alternator provides more electrical power at lower engine RPM than a generator

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9
Q

The operating principle of float-type carburetors is based on the
A: automatic metering of air at the venturi as the aircraft gains altitude
B: difference in air pressure at the venturi throat and the air inlet
C: increase in air velocity in the throat of a venturi causing an increase in air pressure

A

B: difference in air pressure at the venturi throat and the air inlet

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10
Q

The basic purpose of adjusting the fuel/air mixture at altitude is to
A: decrease the amount of fuel in the mixture in order to compensate for increased air density
B: decrease the fuel flow in order to compensate for decreased air density
C: increase the amount of fuel in the mixture to compensate for the decrease in pressure and density of the air

A

B: decrease the fuel flow in order to compensate for decreased air density

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11
Q

While cruising at 9,500 feet MSL, the fuel/air mixture is properly adjusted. What will occur if a descent to 4,500 feet MSL is made without readjusting the mixture?
A: The fuel/air mixture may become excessively lean
B: There will be more fuel in the cylinders than is needed for normal combustion, and the excess fuel will absorb heat and cool the engine
C: The excessively rich mixture will create higher cylinder head temperatures and may cause detonation

A

A: The fuel/air mixture may become excessively lean

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12
Q

During the run-up at a high-elevation airport, a pilot notes a slight engine roughness that is not affected by the magneto check but grows worse during the carburetor heat check. Under these circumstances, what would be the most logical initial action?
A: Check the results obtained with a leaner setting of the mixture
B: Taxi back to the flight line for a maintenance check
C: Reduce manifold pressure to control detonation

A

A: Check the results obtained with a leaner setting of the mixture

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13
Q

If an aircraft is equipped with a fixed-pitch propeller and a float-type carburetor, the first indication of carburetor ice would most likely be
A: increase of RPM
B: engine roughness
C: loss of RPM

A

C: loss of RPM

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14
Q

The presence of carburetor ice in an aircraft equipped with a fixed-pitch propeller can be verified by applying carburetor heat and noting
A: an increase in RPM and then a gradual decrease in RPM
B: a decrease in RPM and then a constant RPM indication
C: a decrease in RPM and then a gradual increase in RPM

A

C: a decrease in RPM and then a gradual increase in RPM

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15
Q

Which condition is most favorable to the development of carburetor icing?
A: Any temperature below freezing and a relative humidity of less than 50 percent
B: Temperature between 32 and 50 degrees F and low humidity
C: Temperature between 20 and 70 degrees F and high humidity

A

C: Temperature between 20 and 70 degrees F and high humidity

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16
Q

The possibility of carburetor icing exists even when the ambient air temperature is as
A: high as 70F and relative humidity is high
B: high as 95F and there is visible moisture
C: low as 0F and the relative humidity is high

A

A: high as 70F and relative humidity is high

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17
Q

Carburetor icing can occur with an OAT as high as
A: 100 F and visible moisture
B: 20 C and high relative humidity
C: 75 F and low relative humidity

A

B: 20 C and high relative humidity

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18
Q

Applying carburetor heat will
A: result in more air going through the carburetor
B: enrich the fuel/air mixture
C: not affect the fuel/air mixture

A

B: enrich the fuel/air mixture

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19
Q

What change occurs in the fuel/air mixture when carburetor heat is applied?
A: A decrease in RPM results from the lean mixture
B: The fuel/air mixture becomes richer
C: The fuel/air mixture becomes leaner

A

B: The fuel/air mixture becomes richer

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20
Q

Generally speaking, the use of carburetor heat tends to
A: decrease engine performance
B: increase engine performance
C: have no effect on engine performance

A

A: decrease engine performance

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21
Q

With regard to carburetor ice, float-type carburetor systems in comparison to fuel injection systems are generally considered to be
A: more susceptible to icing
B: equally susceptible to icing
C: less susceptible to icing

A

A: more susceptible to icing

22
Q

Which condition is most favorable to the development of carburetor icing?
A: Any temperature below freezing and a relative humidity of less than 50 percent
B: Temperature between 32 and 50 degrees F and low humidity
C: Temperature between 20 and 70 degrees F and high humidity

A

C: Temperature between 20 and 70 degrees F and high humidity

23
Q

On aircraft equipped with fuel pumps, when is the auxiliary electric driven fuel pump used?
A: All the time to aid the engine-driven fuel pump
B: In the event the engine-driven fuel pump fails
C: Constantly except in starting the engine

A

B: In the event the engine-driven fuel pump fails

24
Q

If the grade of fuel used in an aircraft engine is lower than specified for the engine, it will most likely cause
A: a mixture of fuel and air that is not uniform in all cylinders
B: lower cylinder head temperatures
C: detonation

A

C: detonation

25
Q

Detonation may occur at high-power settings when
A: the fuel mixture ignites instantaneously instead of burning progressively and evenly
B: an excessively rich fuel mixture causes an explosive gain in power
C: the fuel mixture is ignited too early by hot carbon deposits in the cylinder

A

A: the fuel mixture ignites instantaneously instead of burning progressively and evenly

26
Q

Detonation occurs in a reciprocating aircraft engine when
A: the spark plugs are fouled or shorted out or the wiring is defective
B: hot spots in the combustion chamber ignite the fuel/air mixture in advance of normal ignition
C: the unburned charge in the cylinders explodes instead of burning normally

A

C: the unburned charge in the cylinders explodes instead of burning normally

27
Q

The uncontrolled firing of the fuel/air charge in advance of normal spark ignition is known as
A: combustion
B: pre-ignition
C: detonation

A

B: pre-ignition

28
Q

What type fuel can be substituted for an aircraft if the recommended octane is not available?
A: The next higher octane aviation gas
B: The next lower octane aviation gas
C: Unleaded automotive gas of the same octane rating

A

A: The next higher octane aviation gas

29
Q

Filling the fuel tanks after the last flight of the day is considered a good operating procedure because this will
A: force any existing water to the top of the tank away from the fuel lines to the engine
B: prevent expansion of the fuel by eliminating airspace in the tanks
C: prevent moisture condensation by eliminating airspace in the tanks

A

C: prevent moisture condensation by eliminating airspace in the tanks

30
Q

To properly purge water from the fuel system of an aircraft equipped with fuel tank sumps and a fuel strainer quick drain, it is necessary to drain fuel from the
A: fuel strainer drain
B: lowest point in the fuel system
C: fuel strainer drain and the fuel tank sumps

A

C: fuel strainer drain and the fuel tank sumps

31
Q

During preflight in cold weather, crankcase breather lines should receive special attention because they are susceptible to being clogged by
A: congealed oil from the crankcase
B: moisture from the outside air which has frozen
C: ice from crankcase vapors that have condensed and subsequently frozen

A

C: ice from crankcase vapors that have condensed and subsequently frozen

32
Q

If a pilot suspects that the engine (with a fixed-pitch propeller) is detonating during climb-out after takeoff, the initial corrective action to take would be to
A: lean the mixture
B: lower the nose slightly to increase airspeed
C: apply carburetor heat

A

B: lower the nose slightly to increase airspeed

33
Q

Excessively high engine temperatures will
A: cause damage to heat-conducting hoses and warping of the cylinder cooling fins
B: cause loss of power, excessive oil consumption, and possible permanent internal engine damage
C: not appreciably affect an aircraft engine

A

B: cause loss of power, excessive oil consumption, and possible permanent internal engine damage

34
Q

Excessively high engine temperatures, either in the air or on the ground, will
A: increase fuel consumption and may increase power due to the increased heat
B: result in damage to heat-conducting hoses and warping of cylinder cooling fans
C: cause loss of power, excessive oil consumption, and possible permanent internal engine damage

A

C: cause loss of power, excessive oil consumption, and possible permanent internal engine damage

35
Q

If the engine oil temperature and cylinder head temperature gauges have exceeded their normal operating range, the pilot may have been operating with
A: the mixture set too rich
B: higher-than-normal oil pressure
C: too much power and with the mixture set too lean

A

C: too much power and with the mixture set too lean

36
Q

Which would most likely cause the cylinder head temperature gauges to exceed their normal operating ranges?
A: Using fuel that has a lower-than-specified fuel rating
B: Using fuel that has a higher-than-specified fuel rating
C: Operating with higher-than-normal oil pressure

A

A: Using fuel that has a lower-than-specified fuel rating

37
Q

For internal cooling, reciprocating aircraft engines are especially dependent on
A: a properly functioning thermostat
B: air flowing over the exhaust manifold
C: the circulation of lubricating oil

A

C: the circulation of lubricating oil

38
Q

Which is true regarding preheating an aircraft during cold weather operations?
A: The cabin area as well as the engine should be preheated
B: The cabin area should not be preheated with portable heaters
C: Hot air should be blown directly at the engine through the air intakes

A

A: The cabin area as well as the engine should be preheated

39
Q

An abnormally high engine oil temperature indication may be caused by
A: the oil level being too low
B: operating with a too high viscosity oil
C: operating with an excessively rich mixture

A

A: the oil level being too low

40
Q

What action can a pilot take to aid in cooling an engine that is overheating during a climb?
A: Reduce rate of climb and increase airspeed
B: Reduce climb speed and increase RPM
C: Increase climb speed and increase RPM

A

A: Reduce rate of climb and increase airspeed

41
Q

What is one procedure to aid in cooling an engine that is overheating?
A: Enrich the fuel mixture
B: Increase the RPM
C: Reduce the airspeed

A

A: Enrich the fuel mixture

42
Q

The most important rule to remember in the event of a power failure after becoming airborne is to
A: immediately establish the proper gliding attitude and airspeed
B: quickly check the fuel supply for possible fuel exhaustion
C: determine the wind direction to plan for the forced landing

A

A: immediately establish the proper gliding attitude and airspeed

43
Q

How is engine operation controlled on an engine equipped with a constant-speed propeller?
A: The throttle controls power output as registered on the manifold pressure gauge and the propeller control regulates engine RPM
B: The throttle controls power output as registered on the manifold pressure gauge and the propeller control regulates a constant blade angle
C: The throttle controls engine RPM as registered on the tachometer and the mixture control regulates the power output

A

A: The throttle controls power output as registered on the manifold pressure gauge and the propeller control regulates engine RPM

44
Q

What is an advantage of a constant-speed propeller?
A: Permits the pilot to select and maintain a desired cruising speed
B: Permits the pilot to select the blade angle for the most efficient performance
C: Provides a smoother operation with stable RPM and eliminates vibrations

A

B: Permits the pilot to select the blade angle for the most efficient performance

45
Q

A precaution for the operation of an engine equipped with a constant-speed propeller is to
A: avoid high RPM settings with high manifold pressure
B: avoid high manifold pressure settings with low RPM
C: always use a rich mixture with high RPM settings

A

B: avoid high manifold pressure settings with low RPM

46
Q

In what flight condition is torque effect the greatest in a single-engine airplane?
A: Low airspeed, high power, high angle of attack
B: Low airspeed, low power, low angle of attack
C: High airspeed, high power, high angle of attack

A

A: Low airspeed, high power, high angle of attack

47
Q

The left turning tendency of an airplane caused by P-factor is the result of the
A: clockwise rotation of the engine and the propeller turning the airplane counter-clockwise
B: propeller blade descending on the right, producing more thrust than the ascending blade on the left
C: gyroscopic forces applied to the rotating propeller blades acting 90 degrees in advance of the point the force was applied

A

B: propeller blade descending on the right, producing more thrust than the ascending blade on the left

48
Q

When does P-factor cause the airplane to yaw to the left?
A: When at low angles of attack
B: When at high angles of attack
C: When at high airspeeds

A

B: When at high angles of attack

49
Q

During the preflight inspection who is responsible for determining the aircraft is safe for flight?
A: The pilot in command
B: The owner or operator
C: The certified mechanic who performed the annual inspection

A

A: The pilot in command

50
Q

How should an aircraft preflight inspection be accomplished for the first flight of the day?
A: Quick walk around with a check of gas and oil
B: Thorough and systematic means recommended by the manufacturer
C: Any sequence as determined by the pilot-in-command

A

B: Thorough and systematic means recommended by the manufacturer

51
Q

Who is primarily responsible for maintaining an aircraft in airworthy condition?
A: Pilot-in-command
B: Owner or operator
C: Mechanic

A

B: Owner or operator

Private Pilot (8 decks)

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