Jeopardy Ch 11-14 Flashcards
What is the ‘advice and consent’ of the Senate?
The power of the Senate over the President to approve or deny presidential appointments and foreign treaties
Which Chamber has power to propose new taxes (which is revenue to the government)?
What is the House of Representatives
What category of powers are taxes, regulating interstate commerce, passing laws on the military, bankruptcies, and immigration/naturalization?
What are Enumerated Powers
What clause in article I, Section 8 is ‘stretched’ to allow the Legislative Branch to pass new laws that aren’t on the Enumerated Powers list?
What is the Necessary and Proper Clause, also the source of Implied Powers
How is the House of Representatives reapportioned every 10 years
By taking the US Census and then State Legislators redraw/re-district congressional voting districts so each district has equal numbers of citizens. House of Representatives is apportioned based on population size of each state
What is a historical example of an Executive Order
When President Eisenhower sent the troops to Arkansas to enforce the Brown vs. Board of Education ruling
What constitutional power allows the Vice President to break a tie vote in the Senate
The Vice President is the President of the Senate
What does Article II, sections 2 and 3 say about the bureaucracy
Only brief, vague references to unnamed executive departments, heads of departments called secretaries, and investors, etc. President is also Commander in Chief
When did the President of the US receive legal authority to prepare the federal budget plus start acting as Chief Legislator
Ever since the 1930s, during the Great Depression and Cooperative Federalism
Who is in the President’s Cabinet
The heads of the Cabinet Departments, called secretaries, and a few other key advisors.
What is the power of the Supreme Court (SCOTUS) to hear some types of court cases first – before any other court
What is the power of Original Jurisdiction
What is the Latin term (flash card vocabulary)for any judge today using the decision of a previous judge in a previous court case (precedent)
What is Stare Decisis
How does anyone appeal to the Supreme Court
By filing a petition for certiorari to SCOTUS
What constitutional power gives the Supreme Court power to hear any court cases decided in lower federal, state or local government courts
What is Appellate Jurisdiction
What criteria is the Supreme Court looking for when they review petitions for certiorari? In other words, why does the Supreme Court select less than 1% of the cases appealed to them?
The Supreme Court is looking for federal questions or constitutional issues in the petitions
How can the President take away a judicial punishment
By the constitutional power of granting a pardon to someone who is convicted
How can the Supreme Court strike down a law or presidential action in a court case
By using the power of Judicial Review from Marbury vs. Madison
How can the Legislative Branch override a president’s veto and make the president enforce a new law without his approval?
By both Chambers taking one final vote and reaching a 2/3 vote in both chambers on the vetoed law. Then the proposed law automatically becomes a law that the President must enforce
Who has the final authority to officially declare war?
The Congress – both the Senate and the House of Representatives only after the President officially asks
How does the Legislative Branch remove the President or Supreme Court Justice from their positions?
What is the capital impeachment Process
1) House of Representatives investigates and gathers evidence, and indicts.
2) Then the Senate whole day trial with evidence in votes to remove an official with 2/3 vote.
What are the largest organizations in the Federal Government
What are the Cabinet Departments
What is a primary function of the Federal Government bureaucracy
Making Social Security payments to senior citizens and healthcare spending for low income and senior citizens
Why does the President appoint less than 1% of the millions of federal bureaucrats
So regular government workers (bureaucrats) aren’t hired or fired for political reasons. The president only appoints the top leaders in each bureaucracy
What are some examples of Independent Agencies
What is the CIA (Central Intelligence Agency) or NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration)
Why is Administrative Discretion used by the Federal Government bureaucracy
Because Congress doesn’t know all of the details when passing laws and expects the bureaucracy to use their expertise to write the details in rules and regulations
