Jarvis Chapter 14: Head, Face, Neck, Lymphatic Flashcards
Craniosynostosis is a severe deformity caused by?
A. excess growth hormone or a deficit in thyroid hormone
B. premature closure of the sutures.
C. increased intracranial pressure.
D. A localized bone disease that softens, thickens, and deforms bone.
B. premature closure of the sutures.
Craniosynostosis—marked asymmetry as a result of a severe deformity—is caused by premature closure of the sutures, resulting in a long, narrow head.
Kyphosis of the spine is common with aging. To compensate, older adults will?
A. stiffen their gait.
B. extend their heads and jaws forward.
C. shift their center of gravity.
D. shuffle.
B. extend their heads and jaws forward.
The older adult may show an increased cervical concave (or inward) curve when the head and jaw are extended forward to compensate for kyphosis of the spine.
Which of the following statements related to aggravating symptoms or triggers of headaches is accurate?
A. Certain foods, such as chocolate or cheese, may precipitate the onset of tension headaches.
B. Alcohol consumption may precipitate the onset of cluster or migraine headaches.
C. Poor posture may trigger a migraine headache.
D. Premenstrual hormonal fluctuations may precipitate the onset of cluster headaches.
B. Alcohol consumption may precipitate the onset of cluster or migraine headaches.
Aggravating symptoms or triggers for cluster headaches include alcohol consumption, daytime napping, stress, or wind or heat exposure. Alcohol consumption can also trigger migraine headaches.
Mr. Brennan has right-sided facial paralysis, and he cannot wrinkle his forehead, raise his right eyebrow, close his right eye, whistle, or show his teeth on the right side. These findings indicate
A. Parkinson’s syndrome
B. Bell’s palsy
C. Cerebral vascular accident (stroke)
D. Cushing’s syndrome
B. Bell’s palsy
Unilateral complete facial paralysis and inability to wrinkle the forehead, raise the eyebrow, or close the eye, whistle, or show the teeth on one half of the face are indicative of Bell’s palsy. Bell’s palsy is a lower motor neuron lesion (peripheral) producing cranial nerve VII paralysis with a rapid onset; herpes simplex is the cause in the majority of cases.
Bleeding into the periosteum during birth is known as
A. caput succedaneum.
B. moulding.
C. cephalhematoma.
D. craniosynostosis.
C. cephalhematoma.
A cephalhematoma is a subperiosteal hemorrhage resulting from birth trauma.
Narrow palpebral fissures, epicanthal folds, and midfacial hypoplasia are characteristic of
A. hydrocephalus.
B. Down’s syndrome.
C. fetal alcohol syndrome.
D. chronic childhood allergies.
C. fetal alcohol syndrome.
Facial characteristics of fetal alcohol syndrome include narrow palpebral fissures, epicanthal folds, and midfacial hypoplasia.
Most facial bones articulate at a suture. Which facial bone articulates at a joint?
A. Nasal bone
B. Zygomatic bone
C. Mandible
D. Maxilla
C. Mandible
The facial bones articulate at sutures (nasal bone, zygomatic bone, and maxilla), except for the mandible. The mandible articulates at the temporomandibular joint, moving up, down, and sideways.
A severe deficiency of thyroid hormone leading to nonpitting edema, coarse facial features, dry skin, and dry coarse hair is known as
A. Graves’ disease.
B. Myxedema.
C. Cushing’s syndrome.
D. Parkinson’s syndrome.
B. Myxedema.
Myxedema (hypothyroidism) is a deficiency of thyroid hormone. If severe, the symptoms include nonpitting edema or myxedema; a puffy, edematous face, especially around eyes (periorbital edema); coarse facial features; dry skin; and dry, coarse hair and eyebrows.
Which of the following statements describing a headache would warrant an immediate referral?
A. “I have had daily headaches for years.”
B. “This is the worst migraine of my life.”
C. “This is the worst headache I’ve had since puberty.”
D. “I have never had a headache like this before; it is so bad I can’t function.”
D. “I have never had a headache like this before; it is so bad I can’t function.”
A sudden, severe headache in an adult or child who has never had it before warrants an immediate referral. A sudden severe headache could indicate a subarachnoid hemorrhage.
A patient is admitted to the emergency department after a motor vehicle accident. The trachea is deviated to the left side. This finding is characteristic of
A. right-sided atelectasis.
B. aortic arch aneurysm.
C. right pleural adhesion.
D. right pneumothorax.
D. right pneumothorax.
The trachea is normally at midline; the trachea will become deviated to the unaffected side (left) with a right pneumothorax.
