Japan Shoguns 5.2

Question 1

What happened that caused some government officials to be released from their obligations to the emperor?

Answer 1

The court became too big to manage.

Question 2

What were the Taira and the Minamoto?

Answer 2

Important and powerful Japanese clans that supported factions at the emperor’s court

Question 3

Once the newly powerful clans started to war amongst themselves, why did the emperor fail to supress the violence?

Answer 3

His role had become little more than ceremonial and had no real power to stop anything.

Question 4

In what way did the emperor provide legitimacy to Shogun, Minamoto no Yorimoto?

Answer 4

The deal struck between the two meant that Minamoto no Yorimoto could claim that he spoke for the emperor.

Question 5

For about how many years did shoguns from various clans rule Japan with the emperor remaining in isolation while retaining his symbolic position as head of the country?

Answer 5

700 years

Question 6

Where did Minamoto no Yorimoto establish his “tent government”?

Answer 6

Kamakura

Question 7

Which Mongol leader did the Japanese clans have to unite against to fight?

Answer 7

Kublai Khan

Question 8

How did the Japanese emperor wish to respond to the Mongols’ request for Japanese surrender?

Answer 8

He wanted to surrender.

Question 9

Why did the emperor’s reaction to the Mongol request to surrender not make any difference to how the Japanese responded?

Answer 9

The emperor had only symbolic power.

Question 10

Whose decision was it ultimately to refuse the surrender and engage the Mongols?

Answer 10

Tokimune of the Kamakura shogunate

Question 11

Why were the Mongols forced to retreat from their first Japanese invasion in 1274?

Answer 11

A huge storm

Question 12

How many Mongol troops were sent on the second invasion of Japan?

Answer 12

140,000

Question 13

How did the two Mongol invasions destabilise Japanese society?

Answer 13

The absence of booty and land left behind by the Mongols prevented the samurai from receiving the sort of payment they had expected for service.

Question 14

When the second Mongol fleet arrived at Hakata Bay, overpowering the Japanese forces, what did the Japanese call the typhoon that destroyed it, ultimately stopping the Mongol invasion for the second time?

Answer 14

Kamikaze

Question 15

Until what year did a member of the Tokugawa family fill the role of shogun?

Answer 15

1868

Question 16

After the seventy-odd years of civil war that followed the Mongol invasions, who emerged as the ultimate victor and recieved the title of shogun from the emperor in 1603?

Answer 16

Tokugawa leyasu

Question 17

How did the Japanese victory over the Mongols spread Zen Buddhism?

Answer 17

Rumours of divine intervention suggested that the Japanese had backed the right religious horse.

Question 18

What economic system became stronger under the Tokugawa Shogunate?

Answer 18

Feudalism

Question 19

What economic system became stronger under the Tokugawa Shogunate?

Answer 19

The shogun