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Geography YR9 > January Exam > Flashcards

January Exam Flashcards

1
Q

What is the focus of an earthquake?

A

The point where the earthquake starts

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2
Q

What is the epicentre of an earthquake?

A

Point on the ground directly above the focus

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3
Q

What is an earthquake?

A

A sudden or violent movement within the earths crust followed by a series of shocks

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4
Q

What is a seismic wave?

A

Energy released by an earthquake.

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5
Q

What is the Richter Scale?

A

The scale on which the strength of the earthquake is measured.

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6
Q

What is magnitude?

A

How strong an earthquake is

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7
Q

What is after-shock?

A

Smaller earthquake after the main, large one

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8
Q

What is the first stage of how an earthquake happens?

A

Earthquake occur at plate margins

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9
Q

What is the second stage of how an earthquake happens?

Margins

A

As the plates move past each other at the margins the movement is not smooth

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10
Q

What is the third stage of how an earthquake happens?

A

The plates sometimes lock, causing pressure to build up

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11
Q

What is the fourth stage of how an earthquake happens?

A

This pressure is suddenly released in a jerky movement

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12
Q

What is the fifth stage of how an earthquake happens?

RELEASE

A

This release of pressure is called an earthquake

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13
Q

What was the biggest earthquake recorded?

A

Chile
1960
9.5

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14
Q

How are earthquakes measured?

A

Using the moment magnitude scale.
0-10

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15
Q

What is the first impact of an earthquake?

A

Buildings destroyed or damaged

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16
Q

What is the second impact of an earthquake?

GROUND

A

Soil liquefaction- ground turning to quicksand

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17
Q

What is the third impact of an earthquake?

SPARKES

A

Fires - electricity cables and gas have sparked

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18
Q

What is the forth impact of an earthquake?

A

Tsunami

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19
Q

What is the fifth impact of an earthquake?

A

Landslides

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20
Q

How can we reduce the impact of earthquakes?

A

Drop, cover, hold on
Aseismic (base-isolated), building design

Pendulums

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21
Q

What is the capital of Haiti

A

Port - au - Prince

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22
Q

What island is Haiti on?

A

Hispaniola

23
Q

What side of the island is Haiti on?

A

Western part

24
Q

What is the other part of the island that Haiti is on called?

A

Dominican Republic

25
What plates are Haiti on?
North American and Caribbean plates
26
What is the name of the fault in the Haiti earthquake?
Enriquillo - Plantain Garden Fault
27
When was the earthquake in Haiti?
Jan. 12, 2010
28
What seas surround Haiti?
Caribbean and Atlantic
29
Why does Haiti experience earthquakes.
It lies on the North American plate and Caribbean plate which pressure built up over a long period of time until it was too much so it released in a jerky movement.
30
How long was the 2010 Haiti earthquake?
30 seconds
31
How long was the focus of the Haiti earthquake?
10km
32
How many people live in Port-au-Prince
20% of the population
33
Why was Haiti a natural disaster?
People were left homeless or even injured, therefore people were left in poor conditions which could lead to death.
34
How many people were left homeless in the Haiti earthquake?
over one million people
35
How many people were affected by the Haiti earthquake?
three million people
36
At the end of march, how many people had died by the Haiti earthquake?
222,570
37
Who announced the death toll at the end of march for the Haiti earthquake?
Haitian government
38
What does NGO stand for?
Non-government organisation
39
Why was the Haiti earthquake not a natural disaster?
40
How far was the epicentre form the capital of Haiti?
15 miles west
41
How many people died in the 30 seconds of the Haiti earthquake?
200,000
42
How many people were injured in the 30 seconds of the Haiti earthquake?
300,000
43
What human factor esculate the damage of the disaster of the Haiti earthquake?
Horrible history as a slave colony to Fance in the 1700
44
Was Haiti the richest slave colony in the world in the 1700
YES
44
What gave the Haiti slaves an oppotunity?
The french revolution
45
What did Haiti do to become the fist nation to be created?
slave revolt
46
What was Haiti forced to do after their slave revolt?
pay off 80% of the countries income to france in 1947
47
What did most people in Haiti live in?
Poorly constructed towns
48
What were the towns in Haiti made out of?
Branches, mud and concrete
49
How many houses were destroyed in Haiti?
250,000
50
How many commercial buildings collapsed in on themselves?
30,000
51
How many people did the sanfransisco earthquake kill?
63 people
52
When was the San Francisco earthquake?
1989

Geography YR9 (5 decks)

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