Jandt Chapter 9

Question 1

Identify what Okimoto and colleagues found about how apologizing or refusing to apologize affected people

Answer 1

People felt better after apologizing

People who refused to apologize felt the most power

Question 2

Identify four functions apologies can serve (Kotani)

Answer 2

Ritualistic: bumping into someone
Minor offenses: sorry i forgot to call
Sympathy: sorry that happened to you
Accept responsibility

Question 3

Identify the “two parts” of a person conveyed in an apology (Goffman)

Answer 3

Part that is guilty

Part that acknowledges part of rule

Question 4

Identify five strategies of an effective apology (Sher and Darly)

Answer 4

Action of apologizing
Explanation or account
Expressed responsibility
Offer repair
Promise of forbearance (won’t happen again)

Question 5

Identify the key distinction between “bad” and “good” excuses (Weiner et al)

Answer 5

Bad excuse: intentional, controllable, stable, internal

Good: unintentional, uncontrollable, unstable, external

Question 6

Explain how apologies in Japan tend to differ from those in the US

Answer 6

Lower one’s self to other

Don’t explain or use excuses

Question 7

Explain forgiveness and reconciliation as distinct processes

Answer 7

Forgiveness is individual process of letting go

Reconciliation is attempt to healing the relationship

Question 8

Recognize four phases of Enright’s model of forgiveness

Answer 8

Uncovering: recognition of harm
Decision; to try and forgive
Work
outcome

Question 9

Distinguish between retributive justice and restorative justice

Answer 9

retributive justice: punishment= crime

restorative justice: accountability, reconciliation with victim

Question 10

Explain victim-offender reconciliation programs (also called victim-offender mediation) as examples of restorative justice

Answer 10

Emphasize on healing and reconciliation,