IVAP 1-1

Question 1

What is morphology?

Answer 1

a branch of biology dealing with the study of the form and structure of organisms, relationships in structures within a particular organism, as well as among organisms

Question 2

what are the 5 types of morphology?

Answer 2

Functional Morphology 
Evolutionary Morphology
Comparative Morphology
Experimental Morphology
Anatomy

Question 3

What is functional morphology?

Answer 3

The study of the relationships btwn the structure of an organism and the function of the various part

Question 4

Give examples of functional morphology

Answer 4

Oppositional thumb allows us to grasp things

Question 5

What is comparative morphology?

Answer 5

Study of similarities and differences in the morphology of different species

Question 6

what does comparative morphology analyze?

Answer 6

the patterns of structures within the body lab of an organism

Question 7

what does comparative morphology form the basis of?

Answer 7

taxonomical categorization

Question 8

what is evolutionary morphology?

Answer 8

A branch of biology investigating the evolution of organisms

Question 9

what does evolutionary morphology credit species differentiation to?

Answer 9

common ancestor and natural selection

Question 10

what are homologous structures?

Answer 10

structures that are similar in related organisms because they were inherited from a common ancestor

Question 11

What does evolutionary morphology use to map out relationships?

Answer 11

genetics

Question 12

what is experimental morphology?

Answer 12

the study of external factors upon the morphology of organisms under experimental conditions

Question 13

what is experimental morphology used for?

Answer 13

to provide data for consideration of problems dealing with the factors underlying normal structure and development

Question 14

organisms used in experimental morphology

Answer 14

fruit flies and c elegans

Question 15

what is anatomy>

Answer 15

Branch of morphology that deals with the structure of organisms

Question 16

how is anatomy often revealed?

Answer 16

by dissection and the separation of parts

Question 17

who were the 3 historical figures of evolution?

Answer 17

carolus Linnaeus, j-B de kamark and charles Darwin

Question 18

What is carols linneaus known for?

Answer 18

He felt that species were fixed and unchangeable s is presented in the christian bible. He devised a system for naming plants and animals (modern taxonomy)

Question 19

What is Jean Baptiste de Lamarck known for?

Answer 19

Inheritance of acquired characteristics-characteristics were acquired to meet new needs and then inherited by future generations

Question 20

what were the issues with lamarcks idea of inheritance of acquired characteristics?

Answer 20

1. argued that species change through time and arose from spontaneous generation 2. progressive change in species among an ascending sale of lowest to most complex 3. needs itself to produce heritable change

Question 21

what is Charles Darwin known for?

Answer 21

origin of species

Question 22

what observations of Charles Darwins lead to the origin of species?

Answer 22

striking differences in island animals that seemed to originate in mainland

Question 23

what are 3 conditions in which evolution has effect?

Answer 23

high reproductive potential, competition, and natural selection

Question 24

describe competition in evolution

Answer 24

more offspring are produced than can srvive

Question 25

describe natural selection

Answer 25

survival of few because the population will accumulate the traits that will allow for successful competition

Question 26

What is George Cuvier known for?

Answer 26

French anatomist that Brough attention to the function that parts perform.

Question 27

what did George Cuvier believe?

Answer 27

for the entire organism(or machine) to perform properly, the parts must be harmonious

Question 28

Anatomy studies

Answer 28

the form and structure of the body

Question 29

physiology examines

Answer 29

how the body functions

Question 30

what would an anatomist do?

Answer 30

examine the relationship among parts of the body as well as the structure of individual organs

Question 31

what do physiologists do?

Answer 31

examine how organs and body systems function under normal circumstances and abnormal circumstances

Question 32

what are the 2 fields anatomy can be separated into?

Answer 32

microscopic and gross

Question 33

what is microscopic anatomy?

Answer 33

examines structures that cannot be observed by unaided eye

Question 34

what are the 2 main divisions of microscopic anatomy?

Answer 34

cytology and histology

Question 35

what is cytology?

Answer 35

the study of body cells and their internal structure ex. spinal tap

Question 36

what is histology?

Answer 36

the study of tissues such as cancer biopsy

Question 37

what is another name for gross anatomy?

Answer 37

macroscopic anatomy

Question 38

what is gross anatomy?

Answer 38

investigates structures visible to the unaided eye and specimens often dissected for examination

Question 39

what are the 3 different approaches of gross anatomy?

Answer 39

systemic, regional, and embryology

Question 40

what is systemic anatomy?

Answer 40

studies the anatomy of each functional body system

Question 41

what is regional anatomy?

Answer 41

examines all of the structures in a particular region of the body

Question 42

what is embryology ?

Answer 42

studies the developmental changes from conception to brith

Question 43

what do physiologists focus on?

Answer 43

the molecular or cellular level

Question 44

psychology focuses on

Answer 44

the body system

Question 45

what is cardiovascular physiology?

Answer 45

the functioning of the heart, blood vessels, and blood

Question 46

what is neurophysiology?

Answer 46

the functioning of the nerves and nervous system organs

Question 47

what is respiratory physiology?

Answer 47

the functioning or respiratory organs

Question 48

what is pathophysiology?

Answer 48

the relationship between the function of an organ system and a disease or injury to the system

Question 49

how do the lungs demonstrate the integration of A&P?

Answer 49

the small sacs of the lungs called alveoli have a structure (large surface area) that matches their function (gas exchange)

Question 50

Body levels of organization simple to complex

Answer 50

chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organismal

Question 51

describe chemical level

Answer 51

atoms combine to form molecules

Question 52

describe cellular level

Answer 52

molecules from organelles such as nucleus and mitochondria to make up cells

Question 53

describe tissue level

Answer 53

similar cells and surrounding materials Mae up tissues

Question 54

describe organ level

Answer 54

different tissues combine to form organs such as the urinary bladder

Question 55

describe organ system level

Answer 55

organs such as the urinary bladder and kidneys make up an organ system

Question 56

describe organism level

Answer 56

organ systems make up organism