Ivan Izendoorn Flashcards
What was his aim?
Investigate cross cultural variation in attachement.
What was his sample?
32 studies in 18 different countries on 2000 infants
What did he use?
A meta analysis using a strange situation
Which countries had the most secure attachment and least?
MOST=UK + SWEDEN
LEAST=GERMANY + CHINA
Which countries had the most insecure avoidant and least?
MOST= GERMANY + HOLLAND
LEAST=JAPAN + OCCUPIED PALESTINE
which countries had the most insecure resistant and least?
MOST= JAPAN + OCCUPIED PALESTINE
LEAST= UK + SWEDEN
What was the simple conlusion?
Secure attachment was the most common with China being the least and britain being the most.
What were further findings?
-IA most common amongst the west
-IR most common amongst the non west
-150% greater difference withing cultures e.g america 46% attachment in one part and 90% in another
What are the evaluations?
-High pop validity
-Culture bias
-Imposed etic
Explain the valuation for high population validity.
-meta analysis of 32 studies using the strange situation
-large sample of 2000 infants
-easier to generalise findings to target population
-increasing EV
Explain the evaluation of culture bias.
-over half 18/32 studies were carried out in America (individualistic,western culture.
-Only 5 studies were carried out in collectivist culture (non west)
-Difficult to generalise the findings across all cultures
Explain the evaluation of imposed etic.
-based on american child rearing practices
-ignores practices from other cultures
-e.g lack of separation anxiety indicates insecure avoidant attachment
-In Germany seen as a positive light
-seen as independence rather than avoidant/ insecure
-may not be appropriate to use the strange situation tool
