IV Therapy/Venous Devices Flashcards

1
Q

What purposes does IV therapy serve?

A
  • Used to sustain pts who are unable to take substances orally
  • Replaces water, electrolytes, and nutrients more rapidly than oral administration
  • Provides immediate vascular access for rapid delivery of specific meds
  • Provides a vascular route for the administration of medication or blood components
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2
Q

The IV gauge refers to the _____ of the lumen of the needle.

A

diameter

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3
Q

The smaller the gauge number, the (smaller or larger?) the diameter of the lumen. The larger the gauge number, the (smaller or larger?) diameter of the lumen.

A

larger; smaller

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4
Q

Which gauge numbers allow higher fluid rate and administration of higher concentrations of solutions? Smaller or larger gauge?

A

Smaller gauge numbers because the lumen is of a greater diameter.

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5
Q

For rapid emergency fluid administration, blood products, or anesthetics, in preoperative and postoperative pts, what gauge size(s) would be appropriate?

A

16- or 18- gauge lumen

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6
Q

For peripheral fat emulsion (lipids) infusions, what gauge sizes) would be appropriate?

A

20- or 22- gauge lumen or cannula

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7
Q

For standard IV fluid and clear liquid IV medication administration, a 22- or 24-gauge lumen or cannula is used. TRUE or FALSE.

A

TRUE

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8
Q

If the pt has very small veins, a 16- to 18- gauge lumen would be sufficient. TRUE or FALSE.

A

FALSE. The smaller the gauge number, the larger the diameter of the lumen. In this case, a 24- to 26-gauge lumen would be used.

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9
Q

Shorter, secondary tubing is used for _____ solutions.

A

piggyback

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10
Q

IV tubing consists of several components including what?

A
  • Spike end for the the bag or bottle
  • Drip Chamber
  • Roller Clamp
  • Y Site
  • Adapter end for attachment to the cannula that is inserted into the pt’s vein
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10
Q

Name some complications of IV therapy

A
  • Air embolism
  • Catheter embolism
  • Circulatory overload
  • Electrolyte overload and imbalance
  • Hematoma
  • Infection
  • Infiltration
  • Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis
  • Tissue Damage
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11
Q

Name some complications of a blood transfusion

A
  • Transfusion reaction
  • Circulatory overload
  • Septicemia
  • Iron overload
  • Disease transmission
  • Hypocalcemia
  • Hyperkalemia
  • Citrate toxicity
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12
Q

How long should you stay with the pt during blood transfusion and how often should the pt’s vital signs be taken?

A

Stay with the pt for the first 15 mins (most critical) and vital signs should be monitored every 30 minutes to 1 hour according to facility protocol

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13
Q

If you suspect the pt is experiencing a blood transfusion reaction while still receiving blood, what do you do?

A
  • Stop the transfusion immediately (FIRST)
  • Changes the IV tubing down to the IV tubing down to teh IV site and keep the IV line open with normal saline
  • Check vital signs
  • Notify HCP and blood bank/lab
  • Stay with the pt, observing s/s and monitoring vital signs
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