IV fluids and hypertension Flashcards
what category do lactated ringers fit in to
isotonic;
may cause hyperkalemia
not good for kids because of high lactate and electrolytes
what category does NS (0.9%) fit in to
isotonic; resuscitation fluid #1 choice
may cause hypokalemia
what category does 5% albumin fit in to
isotonic; colloid
- become hypertonic in body
what category does dextran 40 fit in to
isotonic; colloid
become hypertonic in body
what category does D5NS fit in to
hypertonic
- treats hyponatremia
what category does D5LR fit in to
hypertonic
what category does D10W fit in to
hypertonic
what category does D5 0.45% NaCl (D5 1/2 NS) fit in to
hypertonic in bag
- hypotonic or isotonic in body
- may cause hyponatremia
- 1st choice for pediatric maintenance fluid
what category does 3% NaCl fit in to
hypertonic
- treats head injury to lower ICP
what category does 25% albumin fit in to
hypertonic; colloid
- choice for low volume in resuscitation
- IV volume expander
what category does 0.45%NaCl fit in to
hypotonic
what category does D5W fit in to
hypotonic
what category does 3.3% dextrose, 0.3% sodium fit in to
hypotonic
what category does D5 0.2% NaCl fit in to
hypotonic
what does Kayexalate (PO, NG) treat
hyperkalemia
- binds to K in intestines
what does KCL (IV, PO) treat
hypokalemia
what does an increase in osmolality reflect
dehydration
what does a decrease is osmolality reflect
overhydration
normal amount of urine per hour
0.5 ml/kg/hr
IV placement locations
external jugular, median antebrachial, median cubital, ulnar
BMR
10 calories/lb
causes absorption of sodium and excretion of potassium
aldosterone
- fluid retention
decreases amount of urine produced and amount water released
ADH
causes vasoconstriction
renin
