Italy : Obstacles to unification Flashcards
When was the September convention ?
September 1864
What was agreed at the September convention ?
Nap III agreed to remove French garrison from Rome if Florence is named the new capital
What area was still owned by Austria which they wouldn’t give up ?
Venetia
When did Cavour die ?
June 1861
How many Prime ministers did Italy have after Cavour ?
10 in 10 years
What problem did all ministers after Cavour struggle with ?
Lacked the support of VE
Who tried to stab the King ?
Farini
How much of the population made up the electorate ?
2% of males
Why did the pope disapprove of the new state ?
He lost 2/3 of his land due to annexation of the central duchies
What was the name of the period of tension between the pope and Piedmont ?
Fractious cohabitation
What did the syllabus of Errors essentially state ?
Do not accept modernisation
No other religions will be tolerated
Why was the Pope such a large problem ?
97% of the population were catholic and would be encouraged against Piedmont
What did the pope pass in 1870
Dogma of papal infallibility- Whatever the pope says is not to be questioned
What did the pope claim himself as after the annexation of Rome ?
Prisoner of the Vatican
What was created between the North and South ?
Dual Economy
Why did the people of Sicily vote for annexation ?
Just to escape the rule of the Bourbons
What did the North and South lack together ?
Common culture, Social imbalance
What is the Casati Law and what happened ?
Made primary education compulsory, never implemented in the south where it was most needed
Why were the south unhappy with VE being in charge ?
No land redistribution as Garibaldi promised
What method did Cavour use to oppress the south which was not appreciated ?
Crushed all opposition
How many monasteries were destroyed to fund education ?
2382 - Strengthened fractious cohabitation
What caused the shared jury system to fail ?
Corruption
Who were the Brigands ?
“The protectors of the south” - bandits who hid in the mountains to avoid conscription - Against VE
Who were the Brigands made up of ?
Disillusioned, 1000 escaped prisoners who escaped during Garibaldi’s conquest
How many estimated Brigands were there ?
82,000 -1862
By 1863, how many troops were engaged in peace keeping ?
90,000 piedmontese
By mid1860s- how many of Italy’s bonds were in foreign hands ?
1/3
What unpopular tax was reintroduced ?
Grist tax
How my of each years produce was used for debt repayment ?
30%
