Italy : Causes of the 1848 Revolutions Flashcards

1
Q

What did the Pope do which gained mass support ?

A

Released all political prisoners

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2
Q

What would crowds chant about Pius ?

A

“oh, Supreme Pius”

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3
Q

What did Pius do in attempts to unify Italy ?

A

Question the justice system, Entered a customs union with Piedmont and Tuscany, Common tariffs among non-members

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4
Q

Why was Pius influential ?

A

Such a significant figure was taking actions towards unity

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5
Q

Which two areas resented Austria’s high taxation ?

A

Lombardy and Venetia

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6
Q

How much tax was Austria making from Lombardy and Venetia ?

A

1/3 of Austria’s tax revenue

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7
Q

What happened in the Papal Town of Ferrera ?

A

Pope lodged a formal protest - made Austria look as if they’re attacking the church

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8
Q

What did Pius do in January 1848 ?

A

He denied denied Austrians the right to cross the papal states - He also asked the lord to bless “italia”

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9
Q

When was there a declaration of a republic in Venice ?

A

March 1848

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10
Q

Name an Anti-Austrian secret society.

A

Spillo Negro

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11
Q

Why did secret societies struggle ?

A

Limited freedom of speech

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12
Q

What literature promoted patriotism and nationalism ?

A

“I promessi sposi”

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13
Q

What literature portrayed foreign nationals as wicked oppressors ?

A

“John of Procida”

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14
Q

What book inspired Mazzini ?

A

“Antalogia”

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15
Q

When did Mazzini form Young Italy ?

A

1821

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16
Q

How many members did Young Italy have ?

A

50,000

17
Q

What did Balbo write and believe ?

A

“Le Seperenze D’Italia” 1844 - Should be a federation of Italian states

18
Q

What did D’Azeglio write ?

A

“On recent events in Romanga” Calling the Pope and Austria tyrants and he supported the revolutionaries

19
Q

How much of the south relied on subsistence farming ?

A

90%

20
Q

What event lead to huge southern riots ?

A

Harvest failures 1846-47 , higher food prices - HUNGER POLITICS

21
Q

Why did the south revolt ?

A

Had no care for a unified Italy, down to economic struggles

22
Q

What was the life expectancy in Naples ?

A

24

23
Q

Who did the south blame for the 65,000 deaths due to Cholera ?

A

Bourbons

24
Q

Who supported and liked the liberal ideas of Pius ?

A

Charles Albert

25
Q

What did Charles Albert grant ?

A

The Statuto 1847

26
Q

What did the Statuto provide ?

A

Gave radicals civil rights to stand on

27
Q

How did the Statuto boost confidence ?

A

Secret societies like the Cabonari had more opportunity to resist Austrian rule

28
Q

What are the 5 factors for the Revolutions ?

A
  1. Reforms of Pius
  2. Unpopularity of Austria
  3. Growth of Nationalism
  4. Social discontent and Economic issue
  5. Growth of Liberalism