Italy - Northern Italy (Piedmonte, Lombardy, Emilia - Romagna, Trentino - Alto Adige, Veneto, Friuli - Venezia Giulia) Flashcards
This region in Italy is called “the foot of the mountain”
Piedmont
What Mountains surround Piedmont
Apennine Mountains on 3 sides
The Alps
What river cuts through the heart of Piedmont
Po River
What is the climate of Piedmont
Continental
What key nature feature protects Piedmont from certain weather
Rain shadow effect from the Alps
Where does most of vineyards lie in Piedmont
South of the Po River
Asti
Alessandria
Cuneo
These make up the 3 main provinces of what region?
Piedmont
What is the soil type of Piedmont
Calcareous Marl
Sandstone
Two main hills of Piedmont
Langhe
Monferrato
Main red grape of Piedmont
Nebbiolo 🔴
Dolcetto 🔴
Barbera 🔴
What grape in Piedmont means:
- derived from the word “la nebbia”
- means “Morning Fog”
Nebbiolo
What grape in Piedmont
- means “little sweet one”
- earliest of the red trio to ripen
- tannic
- fruity wine with low acid
- meant for youthful consumption
Dolcetto
What grape in Piedmont:
- most planted red grape in Piedmont
- high in acid
- low tannins
Barbera
What is the main white grape of Piedmont
Moscato Bianco (Muscat à Petits Grains)
What grape in Piedmont
- most planted white grape in Piedmont
- grape that usually fuels the sparkling wines of Asti
Moscato Bianco
This region in Italy has the most DOC zones in Italy with over 40
Piedmont
What are the two most famous DOCGs of Piedmont
Barolo
Barbaresco
The Cuneo Province is home to what two famous DOCGs
Barolo
Barbaresco
What two DOCGs make their home off the Tanaro River
Barolo
Barbaresco
What is the main grape of Barolo
Nebbiolo
What is the main grape of Barbaresco
Nebbiolo
What wine is also known as the “ The Wine of Kings”
Barolo
What wine is known as “ The wine of Queens”
Barbaresco
This red wine in Piedmont:
- must be aged for 38 months from November 1 of harvest year
- but only 18 months need to be in oak
Barolo
This red wine in Piedmont:
- must be aged 62 months from November 1 of the harvest year
- including 18 months in wood
Barolo Riserva
Barbaresco
Neive
Treiso
Alba (a portion is permitted to make this wine)
These towns are the center of production for what wine in Piedmont
Barbaresco
This red wine in Piedmont:
- must be aged for a minimum 26 months from November 1 of the harvest year
- including a minimum of 9 months in wood, may be released after January 1 of the third year following the harvest
Barbaresco
This red wine in Piedmont:
- Must be aged a minimum of 50 months from November 1 of the harvest year
- (minimum 9 months in wood), may be released after January 1 of the fifth year following harvest
Barbaresco Riserva
What white grape is Roero known for growing
Arneis ⚪️
This wine from Piedmont:
- became a DOCG in 2008
- located in the Monferrato hills east of Langhe
- may be released as a normale after a short four month aging period
Barbara D’Asti
This wine from Piedmont:
- became a DOCG in 2008
- must be a superiore
- has to spend 14 months aging prior to release including, 6 months in cask
Barbera Del Monferrato
Ruchè di Castagnole Monferrato produces an aromatic red wine from what grape?
Ruchè
How many DOCG wines are produced from 100% Dolcetto
3
- Dogliani
- Dolcetto di Ovada Superiore (Ovada)
- Dolcetto di Diano d’Alba (Diano d’Alba)
Of the 3 wines that produce 100% Dolcetto which one only can be a DOCG if it’s superiore status
Ovada
What wines that can produce 100% Dolcetto both normale and superiore
Diano d’Alba
Dogliani
What is the minimum aging requirement for all 3 superiore styles of Dolcetto wines that are DOCG
1 year
What is the main grape of Gavi
Cortese
True or False
Do they only make still wines in Gavi
False, they make still, Spumante, and frizzante
Where is the largest DOCG producer of wine in Italy from
Asti
What sparkling method is used to make Asti Spumante
Charmat Method
What is the main grape of Asti Spumante
Moscato Bianco
What is the main grape in Moscato D’Asti
Moscato Bianco - a riper version
What is the difference between Moscato Spumante and Moscato D’Asti
Spumante is a full sparkling wine and Moscato D’Asti is a frizzante partiality sparkling
- Spumante higher alcohol / D’Asti lower alcohol
Where do they grow more traditional method sparkling wines in Piedmont
Alta Langa DOCG
What grapes do they use to make Spumante in Alta Langa
Pinot Noir 🔴
Chardonnay ⚪️
What wine from Piedmont requires:
- may not be released for 30 months after the harvest
- riserva version not released for 3 years
Alta Langa Spumante
Asti
Alessandria
Cuneo
What is important about these three provinces of Piedmonte
This is where most of the grapes grow in Piedmonte
La Morra
Castiglione Falleto
Serralunga d’Alba
Monforte d’Alba
Barolo
These are all major communes to what area in Piedmonte
Barolo
What is the sorì of the Langhe and Monferrato hills of Piedmonte
Southern Vineyard exposure
Brachetto 🔴
Grignolino 🔴
Ruchè 🔴
Croatina 🔴
Vespolina 🔴
Freisa 🔴
These are all secondary grapes for what region in Italy
Piedmonte
Cortese ⚪
Arneis ⚪️
Erbaluce ⚪
Favorita (Vermentino) ⚪
These are all secondary grapes to what region in Italy
Piedmonte
What river is Barolo and Barberesco located along
Tanaro River
Barolo DOCG and Barberesco DOCG both set inside what DOC
Langhe DOC
La Morra
Castiglione Falleto
Serralunga d’Alba
Monforte d’Alba
Barolo
Make up what percentage of land in Barolo
90%
How many communes are in Barolo
11 communes
What makes wine different in each Commune in Barolo
Soil types
What is the name of the Valley La Morra and Barolo set in
Central Valley
What is the name of the Valley, Serralunga d’Abla , Monforte d’Alba , and Castiglione Fallato communes set in
Serralunga Valley
Describe Tortonian Bedrock and what communes of Barolo is it the main soil
- A high percentage of calcareous Marl, producing a softer style of Nebbiolo
La Morra and Barolo
Describe Serravallien Bedrock and what communes of Barolo is it the main soil
- Sandstone soil that gives more structure to Nebbiolo
Monforte d’Alba
Castiglione Falletto
Serralunga d’Alba
What Commune is Barolo most planted in. This Commune accounts for 1/3 of all wines labeled Barolo
La Morra
Wines from this Valley in Barolo are typically:
Austere
Powerful
Require 12-15 years of aging
Serralunga Valley
Wines from this Valley in Barolo are typically have a:
Perfumes Aroma
Less Tannins and full body
Aging requirement of 8-10 years
Central Valley
What seperate a the two soil types of Barolo
Alba - Barolo Road
Prior to 2010 what was the aging requirement for Barolo
Minimum 3 years before release
Two of which were in oak cask
Barolo
La Morra
Castiglione Falletto
Serralunga d’Alba
Monforte d’Alba
Diano d’Alba
Novello
Verduno
Grinzane
Cavour
Cherasco
Roddi
These are the communes to what region in Piedmonte
Barolo
Barbaresco
Nieve
Treiso ( a fraction of Barbaresco)
San Rocco Senodelvio (part of Alba)
These are the communes of what region in Piedmonte
Barbaresco
This Cru from Barbaresco covers a full 360 degree area, though the most famous portion of it faces south and borders Martinenga
Famous producers include:
Ceretto , Michele Chiarlo, Bruno Giacosa, Produttori del Barbaresco
Asili
This Cru is one of the most famous sites in Barbaresco. The subzones (and subsequent individual bottling) of Gaiun and Camp Gros are considered the best part of the Cru.
Famous Producers:
Marchesi di Gresy
Martinenga
This Cru of Barbaresco can be subdivided into two sections: one faces south and the other consists of a southwestern facing amphitheater.
Bruno Giacosa made bottling from this site from 2005, when this portion of the Cru was annexed into Asili.
Famous producers:
Castello di Verduno , Bruno Rocca, Produttori del Barbaresco
Rabajà
This Cru from Barbaresco contains the highly regarded Vineyards Sori Tildin and Costa Russi, both are owned by Gaja.
Famous Producer:
Gaja
Roncagliette
Serraboella
Gallina
Basarin
These are the best cru’s from what region in Piedmonte
Neive
La Serra
Brunate
Rocche dell’ Annunziata
Cerequio
Conca
These are the best Cru’s from what subzone of Barolo
La Morra
Cannubi
Sarmassa
These are the best Crus for what subzone of Barolo
Barolo
Bricco Boschis
Rocche
These are the best Crus for what subzone in Barolo
Castiglione Falletto
Bussia
Romirasco
Ginestra
These are the best Crus for what subzone in Barolo
Monforte d’ Alba
Lazzarito
Prapo
Ceretta
Margheria
Falletto
Oranto
La Rosa
Sorano
These are the best Crus for what subzone in Barolo
Serralunga d’Alba
Cottà
Basarin
San Crisoforo
Currà
Gaia Principe
Fausoni
Gallina
Albesani
San Giuliano
Marcorino
Bordini
Balluri
Starderi
Serracapelli
Serragrilli
Bric Micca
Serraboella
Bricco di Nieve
Rivetti
Canova
These are cru’s for what area in Piedmonte
Neive
This Cru in Neive is highly regarded due to the reputation of its producers
Famous producers:
Paitin Barbaresco Sori Paitin
Vietti Barbaresco Masseria
Cigliuti
Serraboella
This Cru from Neive is one of the best cru’s despite being a very large Cru, the entire area faces south. This Cru is highly regarded and has steep Vineyards
Famous Producers:
Bonino
Fratelli
Giacosa
Moccagatta
Luigi Voghera
Basarin
This Cru from Neive has an excellent reputation of great soil and optimal exposure
Famous Producers:
La Spinetta
Oddero
Piero Busso
Gallina
Pajorè
Bricco di Treiso
These are the best cru’s for what Commune in Barbaresco
Treiso
Castellizzano
Ferrere
San Stunet
Vallegrande
Marcarini
Pajorè
Giacosa
Casot
Ausario
Rombone
Garassino
Manzola
Valeirano
Rizzi
Nervo
Bricco di Treiso
Bernadot
Rocche Massalupo
Giacone
Montersino
Meruzzano
These are the cru’s for what commune in Barbaresco
Treiso
This cru from La Morre is a well regarded cru, its vineyads face east and south. Wines from here have charming floral aromatics and supple tannins
Famous Producers:
Marcarini
Roberto Voerzio
Gianni Voerzio
La Serra
This cru in La Morre is arguably the most sought after cru in La Morra. It is shared between Barolo and La Morra, though the majority fails in the matter. Albeit small in size, it has a highly regarded reputation with southern exposures and excellent soils.
Famous Producers:
Ceretto
Marcarini
Francesco Rinaldi
Brunate
This cru from La Morra is situated near the base of La Morra town. This highly regarded cru, with numerous important estates, has southeast and south facing exposure. This wine has beautiful floral aromatics (roses) and attractive cherry fruit notes.
Famous Producers :
Renato Ratti
F. Revello
Scavino
Gagliasso
Costamagna
Rocche dell’Annunziata
This is one of the best known of all the Barolo cru (is from Monforte D’Alba) and it represents a variey of producers and styles. There are two different parts to this Cru: B. Soprana (upper) and B. Sottana (lower) .
Famous Producers:
Prunotto
Parusso
Silvano Bolmida
Monti
Conterno
Fantino
Aldo Conterno
Bussia
This cru from Monforte D’Alba has a famous reputation gained through the success of Elio Grasso’s - Gavarini VIgna Chiniera and Casa Mat`e as well as Domenico Clerico’s Ciabot Mentin and Pajana
Famous Producers
Clerico
Elio Grasso
Contern Fantino
Ginestra
Asili
Roncagliette
Martinenga
Rabajà
These are the best cru’s for what region in Piedmonte
Barbaresco
What is the main soil type of Roero DOCG
Clay and limestone
Roero gained DOCG status in what year
2004
What is the minimum alcohol for wines in Roero
Roero: 12.5 %
Roero Arneis: 11%
Roero Arneis Spumante: 11.5%
This cru from Monforte D’Alba shares parts of its border with Bussia Soprana, buht its most famous distinction is that it is the primary source for the great bottling, Gran Bussia of Aldo Conterno.
Famous Producers
Aldo Conterno
Romirasco
This cru from Castiglione Falletto, other than a few small plots, all the land is owend by the Cavallotto family, who is largely responsble for the prestige of this cru.
Famous Producers:
Cavallotto Bricco
Boschis
Bricco Boschis
This cru from Castiglione Falletto, isnt the same cru as Rocche dell’ Annunziata of La Morra, Le Rocche is a geological formation with a thin strip of vines, excellent reputation; coveted vineyards have been the source of controversy over its boundaries
Famous Producers:
Brovia
Vietti
Terre del Barolo
Rocche di Castiglione
This cru from Barolo has a famous reputation gained through the success of Elio Grasso’s - Gavarini VIgna Chiniera and Casa Mat`e as well as Domenico Clerico’s Ciabot Mentin and Pajana
Famous Producers
Clerico
Elio Grasso
Contern Fantino
Ginestra
This cru from Barolo shares parts of its border with Bussia Soprana, buht its most famous distinction is that it is the primary source for the great bottling, Gran Bussia of Aldo Conterno.
Famous Producers
Aldo Conterno
Romirasco
This cru from Barolo, other than a few small plots, all the land is owend by the Cavallotto family, who is largely responsble for the prestige of this cru.
Famous Producers:
Cavallotto Bricco
Boschis
Bricco Boschis
This cru from Barolo isnt the same cru as Rocche dell’ Annunziata of La Morra, Le Rocche is a geological formation with a thin strip of vines, excellent reputation; coveted vineyards have been the source of controversy over its boundaries
Famous Producers:
Brovia
Vietti
Terre del Barolo
Rcche di Castiglione
This cru from Serralunga D’Alba was once the property of Opera Pia Barolo
Famous Producers:
Fontanafredda - Vigna La Delizia
Vietti
Ettore Germano
Lazzarito
This cru from Serralunga D’Alba also known as Pra di Po, has an ideal hilltop location with excellent southern exposure
Famous Producers:
Ceretto
Ettore Germano
Prapo
This cru from Serralunga D’Alba was formerly divided into three different crus: Bricco Cerretta, Cerretta Piani, and Cerretta. They are now collectively referred to as Cerretta.
Known Producers:
Elio Altare
Giacomo Conterno
Azelia
Luigi Baudana
Ca’Rome
Schiavenza
Cerretta
This cru from Serralunga D’Alba the vineyards are situated on an open slope, variations in exposure lend varied results
Famous Producers:
Azelia
Luigi Pira
Massolino
Margheria
This cru from Serralunga D’Alba is noted for its higher altitude vineyards, exceeding 400 meters, and is the source of the producer’s Le Rocche del Falletto Riserva
Famous Producers
Bruno Giacosa
Falletto
This cru from Serralunga D’Alba is a highly regarded site with steep slopes and full southern exposures, contains only Nebbiolo
Famous Producers
Pio Cesare
Ornato
This cru from Serralunga D’Alba is a small vineyard located on the way to the town of Serralunga.
Famous Producers
Ascheri
Le Cecche
Sorano
what is the minimum alcohol content for Barolo
12.5% (includes normale, Riserva, and “menzioni geografiche aggiuntive”)
13% with “menzioni geografiche aggiuntive” and “Vigna”
When did Barolo become a DOC
1966
What is the minimum alcohol content for Barbaresco
12.5%
What is the annual rainfall in Piedmonte
36.1 inches
What is the average sunlight hours
1,990
When did crus in Barbaresco become legally apart of the DOCG
2007
When did crus in Barolo become legally apart of the DOCG
2010
Barolo
Barbaresco
Barbera d’Alba
Docetto d’Alba
Roero
Nebbiolo d’Alba
Langhe
These DOCs and DOCGs set off of what major river in Piedmonte
Tanaro River
Spanna is a blend made in Gattinara DOCG and Ghemme DOCG that is a combination of Nebbiolo and what other two grapes
Vespolina 🔴
Bonarda 🔴
Barbera D’Asti
Barbera del Monferrato Superiore
Are located in what famous hill in Piedmonte
Monferrato Hills
Ruchè di Castagnole Monferrato gained DOCG status in?
2010
What is the alcohol level for Moscato D’Asti
4.5% to 6.5% apv
When did crus in Barbaresco become legally apart of the DOCG
2007
When did crus in Barolo become legeally apart of the DOCG
2010
Barolo
Barbaresco
Barbera d’Alba
Docetto d’Alba
Roero
Nebbiolo d’Alba
Langhe
These DOCs and DOCG’s set off of what major river in Piedmonte
Tanaro River
What is the smallest and least populous region in Italy?
Valle d’Aosta
What is the climate of Valle d’Aosta
Continental
Where does Valle d’Aosta rank as far as wine production in Italy
Last
Valle d’Aosta sets off of what river
Dora Baltea River
Arnad - Montjovet
Blanc de Morgex et de la Salle
Chambave
Donnas
Enfer d’Arvier
Nus
Torrette
These are the seven sub appellations of what DOC in northern Italy
Valle d’Aosta
Petit Rouge 🔴 is the primary grape of what sub Appellations in Valle d’Aosta
Torrette
Chambave
Enfer d’Arvier
Picotendro is a local synonym in Valle d’Aosta for what grape
Nebbiolo 🔴
Picotendro 🔴 is the grape used in the blend for what sub appellations in Valle d’Aosta
Donnas
Arnad - Montjovet
Blanc de Morgex (Priè Blanc) ⚪
This is the white grape for making Bianco and Spumante where in Valle d’Aosta
Blanc de Morgex et de la Salle
What is Mont Blanc
Located in Valle d’Aosta, it’s one of Europe highest Vineyard elevations (3,397 feet above sea level)
How are wines from Valle d’Aosta labeled
By grape varietal
What is the major city that sets in Lombardy
Milan
What is the most important DOCG zone in Lombardy
Franciacorta
What DOCG is famous in Lombardy for their sparkling wines and the only true rival to the style of champagne in Italy
Franciacorta
Does Lombardy only make sparkling wines
No, still wines can be made but they aren’t released under Franciacorta DOCG, they are released under another DOC and IGT name
What is the name of the DOC that the still wines from Lombardy are released under
Curtefranca (Terre di Franciacorta)
What is the IGT name that still wines from Lombardy are released under
Sebino IGT
Who is Guido Beelucchi
His house “Berlucchi “ in 1961 released the first modern sparkling wine from Franciacorta
What is the name of the famous prestige cuveè made by Mauricio Zanella of Ca’Del Bosco
Annamaria Clementi
What is Metodo Classico
The Italian term for traditional method
When did Franciacorta receive its DOCG status
1995
What 3 grapes are permitted to make Metodo Classico
Chardonnay ⚪
Pinot Noir 🔴
Pinot Bianco ⚪
Which grape has a maximum of 50% usage in Franciacorta DOCG sparkling wine
Pinot Bianco ⚪
Pinot Nero is the synonym for what grape
Pinot Noir 🔴
What is Satèn
Italian Sparkling wine that only can use white grapes:
Pinot Bianco
Chardonnay
What Italian wine requires:
- minimum 18 months maturing on the lees
- can’t be released until 25 months after the harvest
Nonvintage Franciacorta DOCG
What does atmosphere mean
A measure of atmospheric pressure:
1 atmosphere = 15 pounds per square inch
The average internal pressure of a bottle of Champagne is six atmospheres
What is the standard atmospheres for a bottle labeled Satèn
Less than 5 atmospheres
What Italian wine requires the following:
- minimum 25% Pinot Nero grapes
- produces using blending rather than the saignèe method
Franciscorta Rose
What Italian wine requires the following:
- can not be released for a minimum of 37 months
- requires only 85% of the grapes be harvested in a stated year
Millesmato Franciacorta
What is millesimato mean
Vintage
What Italian wine requires the following:
- may be labeled Riserva if it ages a minimum 5 years on the lees
- release after a minimum 67 months
Millesimato Franciacorta Riserva
What is Dosato
Italian for Dosage
What residual sugar scale does Franciacorta use
Same as in Champagne, France
What is the primary grape used in Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG
Pinot Nero 🔴
What is the minimum requirement of Pinot Nero in Oltrepò Pravese Metodo Classico DOCG
70%
In Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG if you use 85% of Pinot Nero how can you label the wine
By variety
What Italian wine has the following requirements:
- 15 months on the lees
Nonvintage Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG
What Italian wine has the following requirements:
- 2 years on the lees
Vintage Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG
If a still wine comes from vintage Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG how does it have to be released
Oltrepò Pavese DOC
What is Valtellina
The most important red wine zone in Lombrady
What is Chiavennasca
The synonym for Nebbiolo in Valtellina (Lombardy)
What region in Italy is the Northern most post that grows Nebbiolo
Valtellina
Valgella
Inferno
Grumello
Sassella
Maroggia
These are the 5 subzones to what DOCG
Valtellina Superiore DOCG
What is Stagafassli
A wine that are from Valtellina Superiore but we’re labeled in Switzerland
Which of following Italian wines requires the following:
- aged for 24 months / 1 year in a cask
Valtellina Superiore
Which of following Italian wines requires the following:
- aged for 36 months
Valtellina Superiore Riserva
Moscato di Scanzo DOCG is surrounded by what town west of Franciscorta
Bergamo
What is the main grape of Moscato di Scanzo DOCG
Red Moscato 🔴
What type of bottling do they use to bottle Moscato di Scanzo
500ml Futura ( similar to a inniskillin icewine bottle)
What is the climate of Liguria
Mediterranean
What is one of the main grapes of Liguria
Pigato (Vermentino) ⚪
Rossese 🔴
Pigato (Vermentino) grows particularly well in what two DOCs in Italy
Colli di Luni DOC
Riviera Ligure di Ponente DOC
Colli di Liui DOC and Rivera Ligure di Ponente DOC grows what grape successfully
Pigato (Vermentino) ⚪
In Rivera Ligure di Ponente DOC or Rossese di Dolceaqua DOC what grape is produced here
Rossese 🔴
The Bosco grape ⚪ grows best in what region?
Cinque Terre DOC
What grape is Liguria mostly known for
Bosco ⚪
What was the first Italian DOCG white wine in 1987
Romagna Albana DOCG
What is the main grape of Romagna Albana DOCG
Albana ⚪
The most promising version of the Albana grape are made in what style
Passito
Colli Bolognesi Pignoletto was Emilia Romanga’s second DOCG. What year did it gain its DOCG status
2011
What is the main grape of Colli Bolognesi Pignoletto DOCG
Grechetto ⚪
Bologna is encircled by what DOCG in Emilia Romagna
Colli Bolognesi Pignoletto DOCG
Before 2014 what was a synonym for Grechetto
Pignoletto ⚪
Can Pignoletto be used today as a synonym for Grechetto?
No it can’t, after the creation of the Pignoletto DOCG. Producers are barred from using the name outside of the DOC / DOCG
What is the popular frizzante wine that is made in Emilia Romagna
Lombrusco
What are the two central provinces that Lambrusco is made at
Modena and Reggio
Grasparossa di Castelvetro
Di Sorbara
Salamino di Santa Croce
These are all DOCs that make what popular Italian wine
Lambrusco
Sorbara 🔴 and Salamino 🔴 are the main grapes for what style of Lambrusco
DOC Lambrusco di Sorbara (most popular)
Lambrusco Grasparossa di Castelvetro must be made from 85% of what grape
Grasparossa 🔴
In DOC Lambrusco Salamino di Santa Croce it must be made up of 90% of what grape
Salamino 🔴
What type of sparkling wine is Lambrusco
Frizzante
What is the taste range of Lambrusco made in
Secco to Dolce
What famous Lambrusco brand made Italy famous in the 1970’s and BR and one of Italy’s biggest export success stories
Banfi’s Riunite
What popular meat pairs well with Lambrusco
Pork dishes
What are the two provinces of Trentino - Alto Adige
North: Alto Adige (Südtirol)
South: Trentino
What language do they speak in Trentino
Italian
What language do they speak in Alto Adige
German
What is the German name of Alto Adige
Südtirol
What county is to the north of Alto Adige
Austria
What Mountain range covers majority of Trentino Alto Adige
The Alps
What is Kerner ⚪
A white grape grown in Trentino - Aldo Adige and is a crossing between Schiava Grossa x Riesling
What is Schiava (Trollinger) 🔴
The main red grape for Alta Adige
Does Trentino Alto Aldige have any DOCG zones
No
What 3 reigon make up the Tre Venezia
Emilia Romagna
Trentino Alto Adige
Veneto
What is the main city of Veneto
Venice l
What region produces more wine than any other region in Italy
Veneto
What is the most famous region of Veneto
Valpolicella DOC
What is the main grape of Valpolicella DOC
Corvina
What percentage of Corvina must be in Valpolicella
45 - 95%
In Valpolicella wines what grape is usually blended with Corvina
Rondinella
Corvina 🔴
Rondinella 🔴
Molinara 🔴 (adds acidity)
These are the main three grapes for what wine
Valpolicella DOC
Negrara 🔴
Oseleta 🔴
These are secondary grapes for what wine
Amarone
What is the importance of Lake Garda
It is where Valpolicella Classico is located next too
Fumane
Marano
Negrar
Sant’Ambrogio
San Pietro
These are all communes located in what Italian region
Valpolicella Classico
What is the name of the process:
- calls to the grapes to be dried for three months in a special loft before Fermentation, effectively concentrating the sugar and extract
- adds complex dried fruit tones
- additional alcoholic warmth and a round glycolic mouthfeel to the final wine
-
Appassimento Process
Who traditionally dries their grapes longer during the appassimento process? Amarone or Recioto Della Valpolicella
Amarone - grapes are fermented to dryness or near dryness
What is the uniqueness of Recioto della Valpolicella
Recioto della Valpolicella - grapes are dried for an additional month to create a more semi - sweet to sweet wine
Amarone spends how many more additional years aging prior to release
2 years
For an Amarone to be called a Riserva it must be aged for how many years
Minimum 4 years
What is the name of the special lofts used for the appassimento process
Fruttai
Stockwein - Austria / Germany
Vin de Paille - France
Vinsato - Greece
Spain - vino de pasas
These are all examples of what similar process that is done in Veneto
Straw Wine similar to appassimento process
Refrontolo passito - (processco)
Recioto di Soave - (soave - garganega grape)
Torcolato -
Ramandolo Passito - (friuli - Friulano grapes)
These are similar styles in italy to what style
Appassimento Process
What is the minimum alcohol content amarone
At harvest 11%
After appassimento process 14%
Can Recinto Della Valpolicella be made into a Spumante
Yes
Where is Veneto located
Northeast Italy
What is the climate of Veneto
Continental but is maritime near the coast
What is the most important white wine zone of Veneto
Soave DOC
What is the main grape of Soave
Garganega ⚪
What is the minimum amount of Garganega a wine from DOC must have?
70%
Trebbiano di Soave ⚪
Chardonnay ⚪
Are secondary grapes for what DOC in Veneto
Soave DOC
This DOC is called “ Europes largest Vineyard”
Soave DOC
Recioto di Soave DOCG
Soave Superiore DOCG
These two are the two DOCGs for what region
Soave DOC
What are the two Classico areas of Soave DOCG
Soave Classico
Monteforte d’Alpone
Wines from Soave Superiore DOCG are typically aged in?
Stainless Steel
What wine from Soave has the following requirements:
- aged for 1 year
- minimum 3 months of bottling aging
Soave Superiore
What wine from Soave has the following requirements:
- to be called Riserva it must be aged for 2 years
Soave Superiore Riserva
What wine from Soave has the following requirements:
- produced from dried grapes 4 to 6 months
- uses barrel fermentation
- botrytis cinerea
Recioto di Soave DOCG
True or False
You can make Spumante from Soave Superiore DOCG wines
False, of you make Spumante from Soave it must be from Soave DOC or Recioto di Soave DOCG, NOT Soave Superiore
Gambellara DOC is to the east of what famous DOC in Veneto
Soave
What is the main grape of Gambellara DOC
Garganega ⚪
In Gambellara DOC, the garganega grape must make up at least what percentage of the wine
80%
Recioto di Gambellara DOCG gained its DOCG status in what year
2008
What style of wines must be made in order to use the Recioto di Gambellara DOCG label
Sweet still wines
Sparkling Wines
What method is used to make Prosecco
Charmat Method
What is the atmospheres of pressure for Prosecco Spumante
Minimum 3.5 atmospheres
What is the atmosphere pressure for Prosecco frizzante
1.0 - 2.5 atmospheres of pressure
What is the famous cocktail from Veneto that is made from Prosecco
Bellini Cocktail
- 1 1/2 of Peach Coulis
- 2t of peach liquor
- 3 1/2 of Prosecco
Why is 2009 important to Prosecco
The 2009 vintage and onward were awarded two DOCG zones:
- Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG
- Asolo Prosecco DOCG
Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG
Asolo Prosecco DOCG
These are the two DOCG that produce what type of wine from Veneto
Prosecco
The fully sparkling Prosecco Superiore wines are usually made in what style
Brut
Demi - Sec
What is the traditional dryness level of Prosecco
Extra Dry and Brut
Second fermentation of frizzante Prosecco takes place where usually
In the bottle
What is Cartizze
The most notable “Cru” of Prosecco
How many hectares does Cartizze take up in the two DOCG zones in Prosecco
106 hectares
What is the total number of hectares in the two DOCG zones of Processo
4,300 hectares
What style typically does Cartizze Prosecco come in
Dry
What is the residual sugar of Cartizze Prosecco typically
17-35 grams per liter of residual sugar
Are most Prosecco wines released nonvintage or vintage
Nonvintage
How much of the years stated harvest of grapes must a vintage Prosecco wine be comprised of
Minimum 85% of the states years harvest
What is the minimum grape requirement for a wine to be labeled Prosecco
85%
When does a wine from Prosecco have to use “Glera” on the label
If the wine is not at a DOC level
What countries border Friuli - Venezia Giulia
Austria and Slovenia
What Mountain range acts as a border separating Friuli from Austria
The Alps
Pinot Grigio ⚪
Sauvignon ⚪ - Sauvignon Blanc
Friuliano ⚪
These are the main white grapes for what region in Veneto
Friuli Veneto Griuli
What is:
Verduzzo Gialla ⚪
Picolit ⚪
Two native grapes of Friuli grown in their two DOCG zones:
- Ramandolo DOCG
- Colli Orientali del Friuli - Picolit DOCG
Where does Verduzzo Gialla grow best at
On the hillsides of Colli Orientali
What grape from Friuli is known as the trademark white variety
Friulano ⚪
What grape also known as Tai
Friulano
What is the main grape of Friuli
Merlot 🔴
What is the most planted grape in Friuli
Merlot
What other classic grape varietals are planted in Friuli
Cabernet Franc 🔴
Cabernet Sauvignon 🔴
Pignolo 🔴
Schioppettino 🔴
Refosco 🔴
These are all indigenous grapes to what region in Italy
Friuli Venezia Giulia
What are the most famous DOC zones of Friuli
Collio DOC and Colli Orientali del Friuli DOC
How many DOCs are in Friuli
10
What DOC is considered the most prolific and what is the main red and white grapes
Grave del Friuli DOC:
Pinot Grigio ⚪
Merlot 🔴
All 9 geographic DOCs of Friuli produce what type of wines
Rosso 🔴
Bianco ⚪
What Appellation of Friuli shares its border with another region in Italy and what is that other region
Prosecco DOC and it shares its borders with Veneto and Friuli
What grapes make up Sangue di Guida “Blood of Judas”
Barbera, Croatina, and Uva Rara are mixed together, it makes sweet “Blood of Judas.”
Friuli ranks where in regards of production of wine in Italy
3rd behind Trentino - Alto Adige and Piedmonte
Name the DOCs and DOCGs in Piedmonte that grow the Nebbiolo grape
100%
Barbaresco DOCG
Barolo DOCG
Roero DOCG
Blended
Gattinara DOCG - can use up to 10% Uva Rara (Bonarda)
Ghemme DOCG - minimum 75% Nebbiolo , the rest can come from Bonarda and Vespolina
What is the synonym used for Nebbiolo in Piedmonte
Spanna
Chiavennasca is the synonym for what grape and where in Piedmonte
Nebbiolo and Valtellina
What is the average vineyard size of Piedmonte
3 to 5 acres (1.2 to 2 hectares)
The best vineyards of Piedmonte are located where and why?
The eastern and southern parts of the region, where it is warmer than in the more Alpine northern part
What two hills are known to be where the best vineyards in Piedmonte
Langhe and Monferrato
What does Langhe mean
Tongue
• a reference to the mountains, which are said to be shaped like tongues
The villages of Barolo and Barbaresco lie close to what town in Piedmonte
Alba
Name a famous food from Piedmonte
White Truffles - they are unearthed every fall in Piedmonte
Taglierini Pasta
What is the soil type around Alba
Clay
Limestone
Sand
What is the training method for Piedmonte
Guyot Training System
What weather feature would cause the producers of Barbaresco in Langhe to shoot cannons into the skies, attempting to disperse threatening cloudbanks
Autumn hail
What does Sori mean
- best hilltop exposure
* 77 sori’s in Piemonte
What bank of the Tanaro River is Barolo and Barbaresco located
Southern Bank
Barolo and Barbaresco are located in what Province
Cuneo Province
Barolo Castiglione Falletto Serralunga d'Alba Montforte d'Alba Diano d'Alba Novello Verduno Grinzane Cavour Cherasco Roddi
These are the 11 communes for what area
Barolo
90% of the DOCG zones in Barolo are located in what 5 core townships
Barolo
Castiglione Falletto
Serralunga d’Alba
Montforte d’Alba
La Morra
Central Valley in the Barolo region have what characteristic
- Perfumed Aromas
- Velvet and Texture
- Less Tannic and Full Body
- Requires 8 - 10 years to develop
What is the soil type of Barolo’s Central Valley
Tortonian Bedrock (Carcareous Marl)
What communes lie in Central Valley of Barolo
- La Morra
* Barolo
Serralunga Valley in the Barolo region have what characteristic
- Austere
- Powerful
- Require 12-15 years to develop
What is the soil type of Barolo’s Serralunga Valley
Serravallien Bedrock (more sandstone)
What communes lie in Serralunga Valley of Barolo
- Serralunga d’Alba
- Monforte d’Alba
- Castiglione Falletto
What is the difference between traditional Barolo making and modernist Barolo making
Traditional Barolo
• used large wooden cask called “Botti” - made out of chestnut and Slovenian Oak
• Wines were fermented for long periods in the barrels & the skins were left in contact with the must
- this gave the wine more color, as Nebbiolo naturally produces a light ruby colored wine
- no temperature control - great chance for bacterial infection
- wine final product usually is ruby / orange color with ruby colored rim
Modernist Barolo
- movement started in the 1960’s but took full swing in 1985
- Introduced Controlled Temperature fermentation to create more fruit driven balanced wines and to protect wines from bacterial infection
- began using 225 liter French oak barrels instead of large oak cask
- this theory was that sweet tannins found in the new oak would offset the naturally harsh tannins of the Nebbiolo grape
- the smaller the barrel allows the wines to mature faster while more of the fruit is still fresh and vibrant
- also the level of toast in the barrels adds to the wine color and vibrancy
True or False
Vineyards growing Nebbiolo for Barolo are allowed to have complete northern exposure
False
- it is prohibited for Vineyards growing Nebbiolo to have complete northern exposure
When you see Vigna on the label what does that mean
For Barolo the term “Vigna” refers to a sine Vineyard of wine.
• 100% of grapes must come from a named vineyard used in conjunction with a geographic destination
What communes for Barolo are entirely included in the DOCG
Barolo
Castiglione Falletto
Serralunga d’Alba
When a wine saids Barbaresco with “menzioni geografiche aggiuntive and “Vigna” what does that mean
100% of grapes must come from a named Vineyard used in conjunction with a geographic designation
True or False
Vineyards growing Nebbiolo for Barbaresco are allowed to have complete northern exposure
False
- it is prohibited for Vineyards growing Nebbiolo to have complete northern exposure
Famous winemaker Angelo Gaja releases his wines under what DOC and why
Langhe DOC instead of Barbaresco DOCG
- staterted in 1996
- cause he wanted to remain free to include small percentages of Barbera in the wines (typically only 5 or 6 percent) as a “Correction for Acidity”
Who is the standard bearer of Barolo Chinato DOCG
Cappellano
Describe Barolo Chinato
An aromatized wine that is flavored with quinine
Which of the 3 DOCGs for 100% Dolcetto are allowed to include “menzioni geografiche aggiuntive” on the label (as Barolo & Barbaresco are allowed to)?
Dolcetto di Diano d’Alba
- 77 sori are classified as superior exposures
What are the characteristic of Dolcetto wines
They show black Fruit in a typically rustic frame, although denser and more polished interpretations are available
What soil type give Nebbiolo its strong tannins
Clay
List three Barolo producers considered traditionalist?
- Giacomo Conterno
- Bartolo Mascarello
- Giuseppe Rinaldi
- Bruno Giacosa
List three Barolo producers considered “modernists”
- Paolo Scavino
- Luciano Sandrone
- Elio Altare
- Angelo Gaja
What two DOCGs based on Nebbiolo lie north of the Po River?
Gattinara DOCG
Ghemme DOCG
What river do Gattinara and Ghemme DOCGs straddle in northern Piemonte
Sesia River
What two clones of Bonarda are used for blending with Spanna in Gattinara and Ghemme, respectively?
- Gattinara - Bonarda di Gattinara
* Ghemme - Uva Rara or Bonarda Novarese
Is the Bonarda of Piemonte related to the Bonarda of Argentina?
No
Name three DOCs that produce wines from Nebbiolo in Northern Piemonte
- Lessona DOC
- Sizzano DOC
- Carema DOC
What two DOCGs are designated for Barbara? What is the minimum requirement for each
- Barbara d’Asti DOCG
- Barbara del Monferrato Superiore DOCG
- 85% Barbara for both
Between Barbara d’Alba and Barbara D’Asti which one has been elevated to DOCG and which one is only at DOC status?
Barbara d’Alba - DOC
Barbara D’Asti - DOCG
What is the minimum alcohol for Barbara D’Asti
12%
What is the minimum alcohol for Barbara D’Asti Superiore
12.5%
What is the minimum alcohol for Barbara D’Asti Superiore con indicazione della sottozona?
13%
For Barbara d’Asti, what are the laws pertaining to grape usage?
90-100% Barbara, combined maximum 15% Freisa, Grignolino and Dolcetto
When a wine saids “ Barbara d’Asti Superiore con indicazione della sottozona” what does that mean
A wine with an indication of subzone
What are the aging requirements for Barbera D’Asti
• 4 months from November 1 of the harvest year
What are the aging requirements for Barbera D’Asti Superiore
• 14 months from November 1 of the harvest year, including at least 6 months in wood and 6 months in bottle
What is the primary soil of Barbera D’Asti
- Clay
- Silt
- Limestone
What subzone of Barbera D’Asti received DOCG status in 2014 and for what grape
Nizza
• 100% Barbara
For Barbera d’Alba DOC, what are the laws pertaining to grape usage?
85 - 100% Barbara
- maximum 15% Nebbiolo
For Barbera del Monferrato Superiore DOCG, what are the laws pertaining to grape using
Minimum 85% Barbara, combined maximum 15% of Freisa, Grignolino, Dolcetto
What province is Barbera del Monferrato Superiore DOCG located
Asti and Alessandria
What province is Barbera D’Asti located
Asti (principally) and Alessandria
Tinella and Colli Astiani (Astiano) are subzones to what DOCG
Barbera D’Asti DOCG
What is the minimum alcohol for Barbera del Monferrato Superiore
13%
What is the aging requirements for Barbera del Monferrato Superiore DOCG
• Minimum 14 months from November 1 of the harvest year, including at least 6 months in oak
Ruche di Castagnole Monferrato DOCG
Barbera D’Asti DOCG
Roero DOCG
Barolo DOCG
What do these all have in common
These all are major DOCGs from east to west that are located along the Tanaro River
Grignolino D’Asti DOC
Nebbiolo d’Alba DOC
Barbera D’Alba DOC
Dolcetto d’Alba DOC
Langhe DOC
What do these all have in common
These all are major DOCs from east to west that are located along the Tanaro River
What is the principle soils of Dogliani DOCG
• calcareous or siliceous clay
What is the principle soils of Dolcetto di Diano d’Alba DOCG
Calcareous clay and limestone
What are the principle soils of Dolcetto di Ovada Superiore (Ovada) DOCG?
Clay, Tufa, Limestone
What province is Gattinara located?
Vercelli
What province is Ghemme located?
Novara
What are some popular synonyms of Nebbiolo
Picoutener - Acosta & Carema
Chiavennasca - Lombardy (Valtellina)
Spanna - Gattinara and Ghemme
What is the vine training system for Nebbiolo in Piemonte and how many buds are usually on he cane
Guyot Training System
• 10 to 12 buds
What is the latest ripening Commune of Barolo
Serralunga d’Alba
- grapes are picked here, 15 days after they began picking grapes in La Morra
What vineyards set higher, Serralunga d’Alba or La Morra
La Morra
Describe Nebbiolo grown in La Morra
Silky and appealing when young
Describe Nebbiolo from Serralunga d’Alba
The wines from here are among the weightiest in the Barolo region
Describe Nebbiolo grown in Castiglione Falletto
Concentrated, powerful wines with great finesse
Describe Nebbiolo grown in Monforte d’Alba
Firm and long lived
Describe Nebbiolo grown in Barolo
Structure with supple fruit
What gives Nebbiolo the remarkable tannins that it is known for
The abundance of clay soil around Barolo and Barbaresco
What is Sforzato
An Amarone type of wine made in Lombardy.
- grown in Sforzato di Valtellina DOCG
- wine is made using the appassimento method
- must use a minimum 90% Nebbiolo (Chiavennasca)and must have 14% alcohol
Barbera D’Asti
Barbera dolce
Barbera Fine
Barbera Forte
Barbera Grossa
Barbera Riccia
Barbera Vera
These are all synonyms for what grape
Barbera
What famous winemaker in Piemonte and has two single vineyards called:
• Sori Tildìn
• Sori San Lorenzo
Also where is it located and what grape does he grow there
Angelo Gaja
•Nebbiolo
What famous winemaker in Piemonte and has two single vineyards called:
• Sperss
Also where is it located, what grape does he grow there, and why can’t these wine be considered for DOCG status
Angelo Gaja
- Barolo
- Nebbiolo
- because he uses 5% Barbera, therefore the wines are labeled vino de Tavola instead of Barolo DOCG
Who is Carlo Gancia
Around 1870 he produced the first sparkling Asti in Piemonte
Which has higher alcohol Moscato D’Asti or Asti Spumante
Asti Spumante has a legal alcohol content of between 7 to 9 percent
Moscato D’Asti has a legal alcohol content of 5.5 percent
Clockwise what are the communes of Barolo DOCG
- Verduno
- Grizane Cavour
- Castiglione Falletto
- Serralunga D’Alba
- Monforte D’Alba
- Novello
- Barolo
- La Morra
Dora Baltea River is the main river for what region in Italy
Valle d’Aosta
