Italy - Northern Italy (Piedmonte, Lombardy, Emilia - Romagna, Trentino - Alto Adige, Veneto, Friuli - Venezia Giulia) Flashcards by Michael Harper

This region in Italy is called “the foot of the mountain”

Piedmont

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What Mountains surround Piedmont

Apennine Mountains on 3 sides

The Alps

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What river cuts through the heart of Piedmont

Po River

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What is the climate of Piedmont

Continental

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What key nature feature protects Piedmont from certain weather

Rain shadow effect from the Alps

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Where does most of vineyards lie in Piedmont

South of the Po River

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Asti

Alessandria

Cuneo

These make up the 3 main provinces of what region?

Piedmont

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What is the soil type of Piedmont

Calcareous Marl

Sandstone

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Two main hills of Piedmont

Langhe

Monferrato

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Main red grape of Piedmont

Nebbiolo 🔴

Dolcetto 🔴

Barbera 🔴

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What grape in Piedmont means:

derived from the word “la nebbia”
means “Morning Fog”

Nebbiolo

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What grape in Piedmont

means “little sweet one”
earliest of the red trio to ripen
tannic
fruity wine with low acid
meant for youthful consumption

Dolcetto

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What grape in Piedmont:

most planted red grape in Piedmont
high in acid
low tannins

Barbera

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What is the main white grape of Piedmont

Moscato Bianco (Muscat à Petits Grains)

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What grape in Piedmont

most planted white grape in Piedmont
grape that usually fuels the sparkling wines of Asti

Moscato Bianco

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This region in Italy has the most DOC zones in Italy with over 40

Piedmont

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What are the two most famous DOCGs of Piedmont

Barolo

Barbaresco

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The Cuneo Province is home to what two famous DOCGs

Barolo

Barbaresco

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What two DOCGs make their home off the Tanaro River

Barolo

Barbaresco

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What is the main grape of Barolo

Nebbiolo

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What is the main grape of Barbaresco

Nebbiolo

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What wine is also known as the “ The Wine of Kings”

Barolo

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What wine is known as “ The wine of Queens”

Barbaresco

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This red wine in Piedmont:

must be aged for 38 months from November 1 of harvest year
but only 18 months need to be in oak

Barolo

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This red wine in Piedmont: - must be aged 62 months from November 1 of the harvest year - including 18 months in wood

Barolo Riserva

Barbaresco Neive Treiso Alba (a portion is permitted to make this wine) These towns are the center of production for what wine in Piedmont

Barbaresco

This red wine in Piedmont: - must be aged for a minimum 26 months from November 1 of the harvest year - including a minimum of 9 months in wood, may be released after January 1 of the third year following the harvest

Barbaresco

This red wine in Piedmont: - Must be aged a minimum of 50 months from November 1 of the harvest year - (minimum 9 months in wood), may be released after January 1 of the fifth year following harvest

Barbaresco Riserva

What white grape is Roero known for growing

Arneis ⚪️

This wine from Piedmont: - became a DOCG in 2008 - located in the Monferrato hills east of Langhe - may be released as a normale after a short four month aging period

Barbara D'Asti

This wine from Piedmont: - became a DOCG in 2008 - must be a superiore - has to spend 14 months aging prior to release including, 6 months in cask

Barbera Del Monferrato

Ruchè di Castagnole Monferrato produces an aromatic red wine from what grape?

Ruchè

How many DOCG wines are produced from 100% Dolcetto

3 - Dogliani - Dolcetto di Ovada Superiore (Ovada) - Dolcetto di Diano d'Alba (Diano d'Alba)

Of the 3 wines that produce 100% Dolcetto which one only can be a DOCG if it's superiore status

Ovada

What wines that can produce 100% Dolcetto both normale and superiore

Diano d'Alba Dogliani

What is the minimum aging requirement for all 3 superiore styles of Dolcetto wines that are DOCG

1 year

What is the main grape of Gavi

Cortese

True or False Do they only make still wines in Gavi

False, they make still, Spumante, and frizzante

Where is the largest DOCG producer of wine in Italy from

Asti

What sparkling method is used to make Asti Spumante

Charmat Method

What is the main grape of Asti Spumante

Moscato Bianco

What is the main grape in Moscato D'Asti

Moscato Bianco - a riper version

What is the difference between Moscato Spumante and Moscato D'Asti

Spumante is a full sparkling wine and Moscato D'Asti is a frizzante partiality sparkling - Spumante higher alcohol / D'Asti lower alcohol

Where do they grow more traditional method sparkling wines in Piedmont

Alta Langa DOCG

What grapes do they use to make Spumante in Alta Langa

Pinot Noir 🔴 Chardonnay ⚪️

What wine from Piedmont requires: - may not be released for 30 months after the harvest - riserva version not released for 3 years

Alta Langa Spumante

Asti Alessandria Cuneo What is important about these three provinces of Piedmonte

This is where most of the grapes grow in Piedmonte

La Morra Castiglione Falleto Serralunga d'Alba Monforte d'Alba Barolo These are all major communes to what area in Piedmonte

Barolo

What is the sorì of the Langhe and Monferrato hills of Piedmonte

Southern Vineyard exposure

Brachetto 🔴 Grignolino 🔴 Ruchè 🔴 Croatina 🔴 Vespolina 🔴 Freisa 🔴 These are all secondary grapes for what region in Italy

Piedmonte

Cortese ⚪ Arneis ⚪️ Erbaluce ⚪ Favorita (Vermentino) ⚪ These are all secondary grapes to what region in Italy

Piedmonte

What river is Barolo and Barberesco located along

Tanaro River

Barolo DOCG and Barberesco DOCG both set inside what DOC

Langhe DOC

La Morra Castiglione Falleto Serralunga d'Alba Monforte d'Alba Barolo Make up what percentage of land in Barolo

90%

How many communes are in Barolo

11 communes

What makes wine different in each Commune in Barolo

Soil types

What is the name of the Valley La Morra and Barolo set in

Central Valley

What is the name of the Valley, Serralunga d'Abla , Monforte d'Alba , and Castiglione Fallato communes set in

Serralunga Valley

Describe Tortonian Bedrock and what communes of Barolo is it the main soil

- A high percentage of calcareous Marl, producing a softer style of Nebbiolo La Morra and Barolo

Describe Serravallien Bedrock and what communes of Barolo is it the main soil

- Sandstone soil that gives more structure to Nebbiolo Monforte d'Alba Castiglione Falletto Serralunga d'Alba

What Commune is Barolo most planted in. This Commune accounts for 1/3 of all wines labeled Barolo

La Morra

Wines from this Valley in Barolo are typically: Austere Powerful Require 12-15 years of aging

Serralunga Valley

Wines from this Valley in Barolo are typically have a: Perfumes Aroma Less Tannins and full body Aging requirement of 8-10 years

Central Valley

What seperate a the two soil types of Barolo

Alba - Barolo Road

Prior to 2010 what was the aging requirement for Barolo

Minimum 3 years before release Two of which were in oak cask

Barolo La Morra Castiglione Falletto Serralunga d'Alba Monforte d'Alba Diano d'Alba Novello Verduno Grinzane Cavour Cherasco Roddi These are the communes to what region in Piedmonte

Barolo

Barbaresco Nieve Treiso ( a fraction of Barbaresco) San Rocco Senodelvio (part of Alba) These are the communes of what region in Piedmonte

Barbaresco

This Cru from Barbaresco covers a full 360 degree area, though the most famous portion of it faces south and borders Martinenga Famous producers include: Ceretto , Michele Chiarlo, Bruno Giacosa, Produttori del Barbaresco

Asili

This Cru is one of the most famous sites in Barbaresco. The subzones (and subsequent individual bottling) of Gaiun and Camp Gros are considered the best part of the Cru. Famous Producers: Marchesi di Gresy

Martinenga

This Cru of Barbaresco can be subdivided into two sections: one faces south and the other consists of a southwestern facing amphitheater. Bruno Giacosa made bottling from this site from 2005, when this portion of the Cru was annexed into Asili. Famous producers: Castello di Verduno , Bruno Rocca, Produttori del Barbaresco

Rabajà

This Cru from Barbaresco contains the highly regarded Vineyards Sori Tildin and Costa Russi, both are owned by Gaja. Famous Producer: Gaja

Roncagliette

Serraboella Gallina Basarin These are the best cru's from what region in Piedmonte

Neive

La Serra Brunate Rocche dell' Annunziata Cerequio Conca These are the best Cru's from what subzone of Barolo

La Morra

Cannubi Sarmassa These are the best Crus for what subzone of Barolo

Barolo

Bricco Boschis Rocche These are the best Crus for what subzone in Barolo

Castiglione Falletto

Bussia Romirasco Ginestra These are the best Crus for what subzone in Barolo

Monforte d' Alba

Lazzarito Prapo Ceretta Margheria Falletto Oranto La Rosa Sorano These are the best Crus for what subzone in Barolo

Serralunga d'Alba

Cottà Basarin San Crisoforo Currà Gaia Principe Fausoni Gallina Albesani San Giuliano Marcorino Bordini Balluri Starderi Serracapelli Serragrilli Bric Micca Serraboella Bricco di Nieve Rivetti Canova These are cru's for what area in Piedmonte

Neive

This Cru in Neive is highly regarded due to the reputation of its producers Famous producers: Paitin Barbaresco Sori Paitin Vietti Barbaresco Masseria Cigliuti

Serraboella

This Cru from Neive is one of the best cru's despite being a very large Cru, the entire area faces south. This Cru is highly regarded and has steep Vineyards Famous Producers: Bonino Fratelli Giacosa Moccagatta Luigi Voghera

Basarin

This Cru from Neive has an excellent reputation of great soil and optimal exposure Famous Producers: La Spinetta Oddero Piero Busso

Gallina

Pajorè Bricco di Treiso These are the best cru's for what Commune in Barbaresco

Treiso

Castellizzano Ferrere San Stunet Vallegrande Marcarini Pajorè Giacosa Casot Ausario Rombone Garassino Manzola Valeirano Rizzi Nervo Bricco di Treiso Bernadot Rocche Massalupo Giacone Montersino Meruzzano These are the cru's for what commune in Barbaresco

Treiso

This cru from La Morre is a well regarded cru, its vineyads face east and south. Wines from here have charming floral aromatics and supple tannins Famous Producers: Marcarini Roberto Voerzio Gianni Voerzio

La Serra

This cru in La Morre is arguably the most sought after cru in La Morra. It is shared between Barolo and La Morra, though the majority fails in the matter. Albeit small in size, it has a highly regarded reputation with southern exposures and excellent soils. Famous Producers: Ceretto Marcarini Francesco Rinaldi

Brunate

This cru from La Morra is situated near the base of La Morra town. This highly regarded cru, with numerous important estates, has southeast and south facing exposure. This wine has beautiful floral aromatics (roses) and attractive cherry fruit notes. Famous Producers : Renato Ratti F. Revello Scavino Gagliasso Costamagna

Rocche dell'Annunziata

This is one of the best known of all the Barolo cru (is from Monforte D'Alba) and it represents a variey of producers and styles. There are two different parts to this Cru: B. Soprana (upper) and B. Sottana (lower) . Famous Producers: Prunotto Parusso Silvano Bolmida Monti Conterno Fantino Aldo Conterno

Bussia

This cru from Monforte D'Alba has a famous reputation gained through the success of Elio Grasso's - Gavarini VIgna Chiniera and Casa Mat`e as well as Domenico Clerico's Ciabot Mentin and Pajana Famous Producers Clerico Elio Grasso Contern Fantino

Ginestra

Asili Roncagliette Martinenga Rabajà These are the best cru's for what region in Piedmonte

Barbaresco

What is the main soil type of Roero DOCG

Clay and limestone

Roero gained DOCG status in what year

2004

What is the minimum alcohol for wines in Roero

Roero: 12.5 % Roero Arneis: 11% Roero Arneis Spumante: 11.5%

This cru from Monforte D'Alba shares parts of its border with Bussia Soprana, buht its most famous distinction is that it is the primary source for the great bottling, Gran Bussia of Aldo Conterno. Famous Producers Aldo Conterno

Romirasco

This cru from Castiglione Falletto, other than a few small plots, all the land is owend by the Cavallotto family, who is largely responsble for the prestige of this cru. Famous Producers: Cavallotto Bricco Boschis

Bricco Boschis

This cru from Castiglione Falletto, isnt the same cru as Rocche dell' Annunziata of La Morra, Le Rocche is a geological formation with a thin strip of vines, excellent reputation; coveted vineyards have been the source of controversy over its boundaries Famous Producers: Brovia Vietti Terre del Barolo

Rocche di Castiglione

This cru from Barolo has a famous reputation gained through the success of Elio Grasso's - Gavarini VIgna Chiniera and Casa Mat`e as well as Domenico Clerico's Ciabot Mentin and Pajana Famous Producers Clerico Elio Grasso Contern Fantino

Ginestra

This cru from Barolo shares parts of its border with Bussia Soprana, buht its most famous distinction is that it is the primary source for the great bottling, Gran Bussia of Aldo Conterno. Famous Producers Aldo Conterno

Romirasco

This cru from Barolo, other than a few small plots, all the land is owend by the Cavallotto family, who is largely responsble for the prestige of this cru. Famous Producers: Cavallotto Bricco Boschis

Bricco Boschis

This cru from Barolo isnt the same cru as Rocche dell' Annunziata of La Morra, Le Rocche is a geological formation with a thin strip of vines, excellent reputation; coveted vineyards have been the source of controversy over its boundaries Famous Producers: Brovia Vietti Terre del Barolo

Rcche di Castiglione

This cru from Serralunga D'Alba was once the property of Opera Pia Barolo Famous Producers: Fontanafredda - Vigna La Delizia Vietti Ettore Germano

Lazzarito

This cru from Serralunga D'Alba also known as Pra di Po, has an ideal hilltop location with excellent southern exposure Famous Producers: Ceretto Ettore Germano

Prapo

This cru from Serralunga D'Alba was formerly divided into three different crus: Bricco Cerretta, Cerretta Piani, and Cerretta. They are now collectively referred to as Cerretta. Known Producers: Elio Altare Giacomo Conterno Azelia Luigi Baudana Ca'Rome Schiavenza

Cerretta

This cru from Serralunga D'Alba the vineyards are situated on an open slope, variations in exposure lend varied results Famous Producers: Azelia Luigi Pira Massolino

Margheria

This cru from Serralunga D'Alba is noted for its higher altitude vineyards, exceeding 400 meters, and is the source of the producer's Le Rocche del Falletto Riserva Famous Producers Bruno Giacosa

Falletto

This cru from Serralunga D'Alba is a highly regarded site with steep slopes and full southern exposures, contains only Nebbiolo Famous Producers Pio Cesare

Ornato

This cru from Serralunga D'Alba is a small vineyard located on the way to the town of Serralunga. Famous Producers Ascheri Le Cecche

Sorano

what is the minimum alcohol content for Barolo

12.5% (includes normale, Riserva, and "menzioni geografiche aggiuntive") 13% with "menzioni geografiche aggiuntive" and "Vigna"

When did Barolo become a DOC

1966

What is the minimum alcohol content for Barbaresco

12.5%

What is the annual rainfall in Piedmonte

36.1 inches

What is the average sunlight hours

1,990

When did crus in Barbaresco become legally apart of the DOCG

2007

When did crus in Barolo become legally apart of the DOCG

2010

Barolo Barbaresco Barbera d'Alba Docetto d'Alba Roero Nebbiolo d'Alba Langhe These DOCs and DOCGs set off of what major river in Piedmonte

Tanaro River

Spanna is a blend made in Gattinara DOCG and Ghemme DOCG that is a combination of Nebbiolo and what other two grapes

Vespolina 🔴 Bonarda 🔴

Barbera D'Asti Barbera del Monferrato Superiore Are located in what famous hill in Piedmonte

Monferrato Hills

Ruchè di Castagnole Monferrato gained DOCG status in?

2010

What is the alcohol level for Moscato D'Asti

4.5% to 6.5% apv

When did crus in Barbaresco become legally apart of the DOCG

2007

When did crus in Barolo become legeally apart of the DOCG

2010

Barolo Barbaresco Barbera d'Alba Docetto d'Alba Roero Nebbiolo d'Alba Langhe These DOCs and DOCG's set off of what major river in Piedmonte

Tanaro River

What is the smallest and least populous region in Italy?

Valle d'Aosta

What is the climate of Valle d'Aosta

Continental

Where does Valle d'Aosta rank as far as wine production in Italy

Last

Valle d'Aosta sets off of what river

Dora Baltea River

Arnad - Montjovet Blanc de Morgex et de la Salle Chambave Donnas Enfer d'Arvier Nus Torrette These are the seven sub appellations of what DOC in northern Italy

Valle d'Aosta

Petit Rouge 🔴 is the primary grape of what sub Appellations in Valle d'Aosta

Torrette Chambave Enfer d'Arvier

Picotendro is a local synonym in Valle d'Aosta for what grape

Nebbiolo 🔴

Picotendro 🔴 is the grape used in the blend for what sub appellations in Valle d'Aosta

Donnas Arnad - Montjovet

Blanc de Morgex (Priè Blanc) ⚪ This is the white grape for making Bianco and Spumante where in Valle d'Aosta

Blanc de Morgex et de la Salle

What is Mont Blanc

Located in Valle d'Aosta, it's one of Europe highest Vineyard elevations (3,397 feet above sea level)

How are wines from Valle d'Aosta labeled

By grape varietal

What is the major city that sets in Lombardy

Milan

What is the most important DOCG zone in Lombardy

Franciacorta

What DOCG is famous in Lombardy for their sparkling wines and the only true rival to the style of champagne in Italy

Franciacorta

Does Lombardy only make sparkling wines

No, still wines can be made but they aren't released under Franciacorta DOCG, they are released under another DOC and IGT name

What is the name of the DOC that the still wines from Lombardy are released under

Curtefranca (Terre di Franciacorta)

What is the IGT name that still wines from Lombardy are released under

Sebino IGT

Who is Guido Beelucchi

His house "Berlucchi " in 1961 released the first modern sparkling wine from Franciacorta

What is the name of the famous prestige cuveè made by Mauricio Zanella of Ca'Del Bosco

Annamaria Clementi

What is Metodo Classico

The Italian term for traditional method

When did Franciacorta receive its DOCG status

1995

What 3 grapes are permitted to make Metodo Classico

Chardonnay ⚪ Pinot Noir 🔴 Pinot Bianco ⚪

Which grape has a maximum of 50% usage in Franciacorta DOCG sparkling wine

Pinot Bianco ⚪

Pinot Nero is the synonym for what grape

Pinot Noir 🔴

What is Satèn

Italian Sparkling wine that only can use white grapes: Pinot Bianco Chardonnay

What Italian wine requires: - minimum 18 months maturing on the lees - can't be released until 25 months after the harvest

Nonvintage Franciacorta DOCG

What does atmosphere mean

A measure of atmospheric pressure: 1 atmosphere = 15 pounds per square inch The average internal pressure of a bottle of Champagne is six atmospheres

What is the standard atmospheres for a bottle labeled Satèn

Less than 5 atmospheres

What Italian wine requires the following: - minimum 25% Pinot Nero grapes - produces using blending rather than the saignèe method

Franciscorta Rose

What Italian wine requires the following: - can not be released for a minimum of 37 months - requires only 85% of the grapes be harvested in a stated year

Millesmato Franciacorta

What is millesimato mean

Vintage

What Italian wine requires the following: - may be labeled Riserva if it ages a minimum 5 years on the lees - release after a minimum 67 months

Millesimato Franciacorta Riserva

What is Dosato

Italian for Dosage

What residual sugar scale does Franciacorta use

Same as in Champagne, France

What is the primary grape used in Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG

Pinot Nero 🔴

What is the minimum requirement of Pinot Nero in Oltrepò Pravese Metodo Classico DOCG

70%

In Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG if you use 85% of Pinot Nero how can you label the wine

By variety

What Italian wine has the following requirements: - 15 months on the lees

Nonvintage Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG

What Italian wine has the following requirements: - 2 years on the lees

Vintage Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG

If a still wine comes from vintage Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG how does it have to be released

Oltrepò Pavese DOC

What is Valtellina

The most important red wine zone in Lombrady

What is Chiavennasca

The synonym for Nebbiolo in Valtellina (Lombardy)

What region in Italy is the Northern most post that grows Nebbiolo

Valtellina

Valgella Inferno Grumello Sassella Maroggia These are the 5 subzones to what DOCG

Valtellina Superiore DOCG

What is Stagafassli

A wine that are from Valtellina Superiore but we're labeled in Switzerland

Which of following Italian wines requires the following: - aged for 24 months / 1 year in a cask

Valtellina Superiore

Which of following Italian wines requires the following: - aged for 36 months

Valtellina Superiore Riserva

Moscato di Scanzo DOCG is surrounded by what town west of Franciscorta

Bergamo

What is the main grape of Moscato di Scanzo DOCG

Red Moscato 🔴

What type of bottling do they use to bottle Moscato di Scanzo

500ml Futura ( similar to a inniskillin icewine bottle)

What is the climate of Liguria

Mediterranean

What is one of the main grapes of Liguria

Pigato (Vermentino) ⚪ Rossese 🔴

Pigato (Vermentino) grows particularly well in what two DOCs in Italy

Colli di Luni DOC Riviera Ligure di Ponente DOC

Colli di Liui DOC and Rivera Ligure di Ponente DOC grows what grape successfully

Pigato (Vermentino) ⚪

In Rivera Ligure di Ponente DOC or Rossese di Dolceaqua DOC what grape is produced here

Rossese 🔴

The Bosco grape ⚪ grows best in what region?

Cinque Terre DOC

What grape is Liguria mostly known for

Bosco ⚪

What was the first Italian DOCG white wine in 1987

Romagna Albana DOCG

What is the main grape of Romagna Albana DOCG

Albana ⚪

The most promising version of the Albana grape are made in what style

Passito

Colli Bolognesi Pignoletto was Emilia Romanga's second DOCG. What year did it gain its DOCG status

2011

What is the main grape of Colli Bolognesi Pignoletto DOCG

Grechetto ⚪

Bologna is encircled by what DOCG in Emilia Romagna

Colli Bolognesi Pignoletto DOCG

Before 2014 what was a synonym for Grechetto

Pignoletto ⚪

Can Pignoletto be used today as a synonym for Grechetto?

No it can't, after the creation of the Pignoletto DOCG. Producers are barred from using the name outside of the DOC / DOCG

What is the popular frizzante wine that is made in Emilia Romagna

Lombrusco

What are the two central provinces that Lambrusco is made at

Modena and Reggio

Grasparossa di Castelvetro Di Sorbara Salamino di Santa Croce These are all DOCs that make what popular Italian wine

Lambrusco

Sorbara 🔴 and Salamino 🔴 are the main grapes for what style of Lambrusco

DOC Lambrusco di Sorbara (most popular)

Lambrusco Grasparossa di Castelvetro must be made from 85% of what grape

Grasparossa 🔴

In DOC Lambrusco Salamino di Santa Croce it must be made up of 90% of what grape

Salamino 🔴

What type of sparkling wine is Lambrusco

Frizzante

What is the taste range of Lambrusco made in

Secco to Dolce

What famous Lambrusco brand made Italy famous in the 1970's and BR and one of Italy's biggest export success stories

Banfi's Riunite

What popular meat pairs well with Lambrusco

Pork dishes

What are the two provinces of Trentino - Alto Adige

North: Alto Adige (Südtirol) South: Trentino

What language do they speak in Trentino

Italian

What language do they speak in Alto Adige

German

What is the German name of Alto Adige

Südtirol

What county is to the north of Alto Adige

Austria

What Mountain range covers majority of Trentino Alto Adige

The Alps

What is Kerner ⚪

A white grape grown in Trentino - Aldo Adige and is a crossing between Schiava Grossa x Riesling

What is Schiava (Trollinger) 🔴

The main red grape for Alta Adige

Does Trentino Alto Aldige have any DOCG zones

What 3 reigon make up the Tre Venezia

Emilia Romagna Trentino Alto Adige Veneto

What is the main city of Veneto

Venice l

What region produces more wine than any other region in Italy

Veneto

What is the most famous region of Veneto

Valpolicella DOC

What is the main grape of Valpolicella DOC

Corvina

What percentage of Corvina must be in Valpolicella

45 - 95%

In Valpolicella wines what grape is usually blended with Corvina

Rondinella

Corvina 🔴 Rondinella 🔴 Molinara 🔴 (adds acidity) These are the main three grapes for what wine

Valpolicella DOC

Negrara 🔴 Oseleta 🔴 These are secondary grapes for what wine

Amarone

What is the importance of Lake Garda

It is where Valpolicella Classico is located next too

Fumane Marano Negrar Sant'Ambrogio San Pietro These are all communes located in what Italian region

Valpolicella Classico

What is the name of the process: - calls to the grapes to be dried for three months in a special loft before Fermentation, effectively concentrating the sugar and extract - adds complex dried fruit tones - additional alcoholic warmth and a round glycolic mouthfeel to the final wine -

Appassimento Process

Who traditionally dries their grapes longer during the appassimento process? Amarone or Recioto Della Valpolicella

Amarone - grapes are fermented to dryness or near dryness

What is the uniqueness of Recioto della Valpolicella

Recioto della Valpolicella - grapes are dried for an additional month to create a more semi - sweet to sweet wine

Amarone spends how many more additional years aging prior to release

2 years

For an Amarone to be called a Riserva it must be aged for how many years

Minimum 4 years

What is the name of the special lofts used for the appassimento process

Fruttai

Stockwein - Austria / Germany Vin de Paille - France Vinsato - Greece Spain - vino de pasas These are all examples of what similar process that is done in Veneto

Straw Wine similar to appassimento process

Refrontolo passito - (processco) Recioto di Soave - (soave - garganega grape) Torcolato - Ramandolo Passito - (friuli - Friulano grapes) These are similar styles in italy to what style

Appassimento Process

What is the minimum alcohol content amarone

At harvest 11% After appassimento process 14%

Can Recinto Della Valpolicella be made into a Spumante

Yes

Where is Veneto located

Northeast Italy

What is the climate of Veneto

Continental but is maritime near the coast

What is the most important white wine zone of Veneto

Soave DOC

What is the main grape of Soave

Garganega ⚪

What is the minimum amount of Garganega a wine from DOC must have?

70%

Trebbiano di Soave ⚪ Chardonnay ⚪ Are secondary grapes for what DOC in Veneto

Soave DOC

This DOC is called " Europes largest Vineyard"

Soave DOC

Recioto di Soave DOCG Soave Superiore DOCG These two are the two DOCGs for what region

Soave DOC

What are the two Classico areas of Soave DOCG

Soave Classico Monteforte d'Alpone

Wines from Soave Superiore DOCG are typically aged in?

Stainless Steel

What wine from Soave has the following requirements: - aged for 1 year - minimum 3 months of bottling aging

Soave Superiore

What wine from Soave has the following requirements: - to be called Riserva it must be aged for 2 years

Soave Superiore Riserva

What wine from Soave has the following requirements: - produced from dried grapes 4 to 6 months - uses barrel fermentation - botrytis cinerea

Recioto di Soave DOCG

True or False You can make Spumante from Soave Superiore DOCG wines

False, of you make Spumante from Soave it must be from Soave DOC or Recioto di Soave DOCG, NOT Soave Superiore

Gambellara DOC is to the east of what famous DOC in Veneto

Soave

What is the main grape of Gambellara DOC

Garganega ⚪

In Gambellara DOC, the garganega grape must make up at least what percentage of the wine

80%

Recioto di Gambellara DOCG gained its DOCG status in what year

2008

What style of wines must be made in order to use the Recioto di Gambellara DOCG label

Sweet still wines Sparkling Wines

What method is used to make Prosecco

Charmat Method

What is the atmospheres of pressure for Prosecco Spumante

Minimum 3.5 atmospheres

What is the atmosphere pressure for Prosecco frizzante

1.0 - 2.5 atmospheres of pressure

What is the famous cocktail from Veneto that is made from Prosecco

Bellini Cocktail - 1 1/2 of Peach Coulis - 2t of peach liquor - 3 1/2 of Prosecco

Why is 2009 important to Prosecco

The 2009 vintage and onward were awarded two DOCG zones: - Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG - Asolo Prosecco DOCG

Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG Asolo Prosecco DOCG These are the two DOCG that produce what type of wine from Veneto

Prosecco

The fully sparkling Prosecco Superiore wines are usually made in what style

Brut Demi - Sec

What is the traditional dryness level of Prosecco

Extra Dry and Brut

Second fermentation of frizzante Prosecco takes place where usually

In the bottle

What is Cartizze

The most notable "Cru" of Prosecco

How many hectares does Cartizze take up in the two DOCG zones in Prosecco

106 hectares

What is the total number of hectares in the two DOCG zones of Processo

4,300 hectares

What style typically does Cartizze Prosecco come in

Dry

What is the residual sugar of Cartizze Prosecco typically

17-35 grams per liter of residual sugar

Are most Prosecco wines released nonvintage or vintage

Nonvintage

How much of the years stated harvest of grapes must a vintage Prosecco wine be comprised of

Minimum 85% of the states years harvest

What is the minimum grape requirement for a wine to be labeled Prosecco

85%

When does a wine from Prosecco have to use "Glera" on the label

If the wine is not at a DOC level

What countries border Friuli - Venezia Giulia

Austria and Slovenia

What Mountain range acts as a border separating Friuli from Austria

The Alps

Pinot Grigio ⚪ Sauvignon ⚪ - Sauvignon Blanc Friuliano ⚪ These are the main white grapes for what region in Veneto

Friuli Veneto Griuli

What is: Verduzzo Gialla ⚪ Picolit ⚪

Two native grapes of Friuli grown in their two DOCG zones: - Ramandolo DOCG - Colli Orientali del Friuli - Picolit DOCG

Where does Verduzzo Gialla grow best at

On the hillsides of Colli Orientali

What grape from Friuli is known as the trademark white variety

Friulano ⚪

What grape also known as Tai

Friulano

What is the main grape of Friuli

Merlot 🔴

What is the most planted grape in Friuli

Merlot

What other classic grape varietals are planted in Friuli

Cabernet Franc 🔴 Cabernet Sauvignon 🔴

Pignolo 🔴 Schioppettino 🔴 Refosco 🔴 These are all indigenous grapes to what region in Italy

Friuli Venezia Giulia

What are the most famous DOC zones of Friuli

Collio DOC and Colli Orientali del Friuli DOC

How many DOCs are in Friuli

What DOC is considered the most prolific and what is the main red and white grapes

Grave del Friuli DOC: Pinot Grigio ⚪ Merlot 🔴

All 9 geographic DOCs of Friuli produce what type of wines

Rosso 🔴 Bianco ⚪

What Appellation of Friuli shares its border with another region in Italy and what is that other region

Prosecco DOC and it shares its borders with Veneto and Friuli

What grapes make up Sangue di Guida "Blood of Judas"

Barbera, Croatina, and Uva Rara are mixed together, it makes sweet "Blood of Judas."

Friuli ranks where in regards of production of wine in Italy

3rd behind Trentino - Alto Adige and Piedmonte

Name the DOCs and DOCGs in Piedmonte that grow the Nebbiolo grape

100% Barbaresco DOCG Barolo DOCG Roero DOCG Blended Gattinara DOCG - can use up to 10% Uva Rara (Bonarda) Ghemme DOCG - minimum 75% Nebbiolo , the rest can come from Bonarda and Vespolina

What is the synonym used for Nebbiolo in Piedmonte

Spanna

Chiavennasca is the synonym for what grape and where in Piedmonte

Nebbiolo and Valtellina

What is the average vineyard size of Piedmonte

3 to 5 acres (1.2 to 2 hectares)

The best vineyards of Piedmonte are located where and why?

The eastern and southern parts of the region, where it is warmer than in the more Alpine northern part

What two hills are known to be where the best vineyards in Piedmonte

Langhe and Monferrato

What does Langhe mean

Tongue • a reference to the mountains, which are said to be shaped like tongues

The villages of Barolo and Barbaresco lie close to what town in Piedmonte

Alba

Name a famous food from Piedmonte

White Truffles - they are unearthed every fall in Piedmonte Taglierini Pasta

What is the soil type around Alba

Clay Limestone Sand

What is the training method for Piedmonte

Guyot Training System

What weather feature would cause the producers of Barbaresco in Langhe to shoot cannons into the skies, attempting to disperse threatening cloudbanks

Autumn hail

What does Sori mean

* best hilltop exposure | * 77 sori's in Piemonte

What bank of the Tanaro River is Barolo and Barbaresco located

Southern Bank

Barolo and Barbaresco are located in what Province

Cuneo Province

``` Barolo Castiglione Falletto Serralunga d'Alba Montforte d'Alba Diano d'Alba Novello Verduno Grinzane Cavour Cherasco Roddi ``` These are the 11 communes for what area

Barolo

90% of the DOCG zones in Barolo are located in what 5 core townships

Barolo Castiglione Falletto Serralunga d'Alba Montforte d'Alba La Morra

Central Valley in the Barolo region have what characteristic

* Perfumed Aromas * Velvet and Texture * Less Tannic and Full Body * Requires 8 - 10 years to develop

What is the soil type of Barolo's Central Valley

Tortonian Bedrock (Carcareous Marl)

What communes lie in Central Valley of Barolo

* La Morra | * Barolo

Serralunga Valley in the Barolo region have what characteristic

* Austere * Powerful * Require 12-15 years to develop

What is the soil type of Barolo's Serralunga Valley

Serravallien Bedrock (more sandstone)

What communes lie in Serralunga Valley of Barolo

* Serralunga d'Alba * Monforte d'Alba * Castiglione Falletto

What is the difference between traditional Barolo making and modernist Barolo making

Traditional Barolo • used large wooden cask called "Botti" - made out of chestnut and Slovenian Oak • Wines were fermented for long periods in the barrels & the skins were left in contact with the must - this gave the wine more color, as Nebbiolo naturally produces a light ruby colored wine * no temperature control - great chance for bacterial infection * wine final product usually is ruby / orange color with ruby colored rim Modernist Barolo * movement started in the 1960's but took full swing in 1985 * Introduced Controlled Temperature fermentation to create more fruit driven balanced wines and to protect wines from bacterial infection * began using 225 liter French oak barrels instead of large oak cask - this theory was that sweet tannins found in the new oak would offset the naturally harsh tannins of the Nebbiolo grape - the smaller the barrel allows the wines to mature faster while more of the fruit is still fresh and vibrant - also the level of toast in the barrels adds to the wine color and vibrancy

True or False Vineyards growing Nebbiolo for Barolo are allowed to have complete northern exposure

False - it is prohibited for Vineyards growing Nebbiolo to have complete northern exposure

When you see Vigna on the label what does that mean

For Barolo the term "Vigna" refers to a sine Vineyard of wine. • 100% of grapes must come from a named vineyard used in conjunction with a geographic destination

What communes for Barolo are entirely included in the DOCG

Barolo Castiglione Falletto Serralunga d'Alba

When a wine saids Barbaresco with "menzioni geografiche aggiuntive and "Vigna" what does that mean

100% of grapes must come from a named Vineyard used in conjunction with a geographic designation

True or False Vineyards growing Nebbiolo for Barbaresco are allowed to have complete northern exposure

False - it is prohibited for Vineyards growing Nebbiolo to have complete northern exposure

Famous winemaker Angelo Gaja releases his wines under what DOC and why

Langhe DOC instead of Barbaresco DOCG - staterted in 1996 - cause he wanted to remain free to include small percentages of Barbera in the wines (typically only 5 or 6 percent) as a "Correction for Acidity"

Who is the standard bearer of Barolo Chinato DOCG

Cappellano

Describe Barolo Chinato

An aromatized wine that is flavored with quinine

Which of the 3 DOCGs for 100% Dolcetto are allowed to include "menzioni geografiche aggiuntive" on the label (as Barolo & Barbaresco are allowed to)?

Dolcetto di Diano d'Alba - 77 sori are classified as superior exposures

What are the characteristic of Dolcetto wines

They show black Fruit in a typically rustic frame, although denser and more polished interpretations are available

What soil type give Nebbiolo its strong tannins

Clay

List three Barolo producers considered traditionalist?

* Giacomo Conterno * Bartolo Mascarello * Giuseppe Rinaldi * Bruno Giacosa

List three Barolo producers considered "modernists"

* Paolo Scavino * Luciano Sandrone * Elio Altare * Angelo Gaja

What two DOCGs based on Nebbiolo lie north of the Po River?

Gattinara DOCG Ghemme DOCG

What river do Gattinara and Ghemme DOCGs straddle in northern Piemonte

Sesia River

What two clones of Bonarda are used for blending with Spanna in Gattinara and Ghemme, respectively?

* Gattinara - Bonarda di Gattinara | * Ghemme - Uva Rara or Bonarda Novarese

Is the Bonarda of Piemonte related to the Bonarda of Argentina?

Name three DOCs that produce wines from Nebbiolo in Northern Piemonte

* Lessona DOC * Sizzano DOC * Carema DOC

What two DOCGs are designated for Barbara? What is the minimum requirement for each

* Barbara d'Asti DOCG * Barbara del Monferrato Superiore DOCG - 85% Barbara for both

Between Barbara d'Alba and Barbara D'Asti which one has been elevated to DOCG and which one is only at DOC status?

Barbara d'Alba - DOC Barbara D'Asti - DOCG

What is the minimum alcohol for Barbara D'Asti

12%

What is the minimum alcohol for Barbara D'Asti Superiore

12.5%

What is the minimum alcohol for Barbara D'Asti Superiore con indicazione della sottozona?

13%

For Barbara d'Asti, what are the laws pertaining to grape usage?

90-100% Barbara, combined maximum 15% Freisa, Grignolino and Dolcetto

When a wine saids " Barbara d'Asti Superiore con indicazione della sottozona" what does that mean

A wine with an indication of subzone

What are the aging requirements for Barbera D'Asti

• 4 months from November 1 of the harvest year

What are the aging requirements for Barbera D'Asti Superiore

• 14 months from November 1 of the harvest year, including at least 6 months in wood and 6 months in bottle

What is the primary soil of Barbera D'Asti

* Clay * Silt * Limestone

What subzone of Barbera D'Asti received DOCG status in 2014 and for what grape

Nizza • 100% Barbara

For Barbera d'Alba DOC, what are the laws pertaining to grape usage?

85 - 100% Barbara - maximum 15% Nebbiolo

For Barbera del Monferrato Superiore DOCG, what are the laws pertaining to grape using

Minimum 85% Barbara, combined maximum 15% of Freisa, Grignolino, Dolcetto

What province is Barbera del Monferrato Superiore DOCG located

Asti and Alessandria

What province is Barbera D'Asti located

Asti (principally) and Alessandria

Tinella and Colli Astiani (Astiano) are subzones to what DOCG

Barbera D'Asti DOCG

What is the minimum alcohol for Barbera del Monferrato Superiore

13%

What is the aging requirements for Barbera del Monferrato Superiore DOCG

• Minimum 14 months from November 1 of the harvest year, including at least 6 months in oak

Ruche di Castagnole Monferrato DOCG Barbera D'Asti DOCG Roero DOCG Barolo DOCG What do these all have in common

These all are major DOCGs from east to west that are located along the Tanaro River

Grignolino D'Asti DOC Nebbiolo d'Alba DOC Barbera D'Alba DOC Dolcetto d'Alba DOC Langhe DOC What do these all have in common

These all are major DOCs from east to west that are located along the Tanaro River

What is the principle soils of Dogliani DOCG

• calcareous or siliceous clay

What is the principle soils of Dolcetto di Diano d'Alba DOCG

Calcareous clay and limestone

What are the principle soils of Dolcetto di Ovada Superiore (Ovada) DOCG?

Clay, Tufa, Limestone

What province is Gattinara located?

Vercelli

What province is Ghemme located?

Novara

What are some popular synonyms of Nebbiolo

Picoutener - Acosta & Carema Chiavennasca - Lombardy (Valtellina) Spanna - Gattinara and Ghemme

What is the vine training system for Nebbiolo in Piemonte and how many buds are usually on he cane

Guyot Training System • 10 to 12 buds

What is the latest ripening Commune of Barolo

Serralunga d'Alba - grapes are picked here, 15 days after they began picking grapes in La Morra

What vineyards set higher, Serralunga d'Alba or La Morra

La Morra

Describe Nebbiolo grown in La Morra

Silky and appealing when young

Describe Nebbiolo from Serralunga d'Alba

The wines from here are among the weightiest in the Barolo region

Describe Nebbiolo grown in Castiglione Falletto

Concentrated, powerful wines with great finesse

Describe Nebbiolo grown in Monforte d'Alba

Firm and long lived

Describe Nebbiolo grown in Barolo

Structure with supple fruit

What gives Nebbiolo the remarkable tannins that it is known for

The abundance of clay soil around Barolo and Barbaresco

What is Sforzato

An Amarone type of wine made in Lombardy. * grown in Sforzato di Valtellina DOCG * wine is made using the appassimento method * must use a minimum 90% Nebbiolo (Chiavennasca)and must have 14% alcohol

Barbera D'Asti Barbera dolce Barbera Fine Barbera Forte Barbera Grossa Barbera Riccia Barbera Vera These are all synonyms for what grape

Barbera

What famous winemaker in Piemonte and has two single vineyards called: • Sori Tildìn • Sori San Lorenzo Also where is it located and what grape does he grow there

Angelo Gaja •Nebbiolo

What famous winemaker in Piemonte and has two single vineyards called: • Sperss Also where is it located, what grape does he grow there, and why can't these wine be considered for DOCG status

Angelo Gaja * Barolo * Nebbiolo * because he uses 5% Barbera, therefore the wines are labeled vino de Tavola instead of Barolo DOCG

Who is Carlo Gancia

Around 1870 he produced the first sparkling Asti in Piemonte

Which has higher alcohol Moscato D'Asti or Asti Spumante

Asti Spumante has a legal alcohol content of between 7 to 9 percent Moscato D'Asti has a legal alcohol content of 5.5 percent

Clockwise what are the communes of Barolo DOCG

* Verduno * Grizane Cavour * Castiglione Falletto * Serralunga D'Alba * Monforte D'Alba * Novello * Barolo * La Morra

Dora Baltea River is the main river for what region in Italy

Valle d'Aosta