France - Loire Valley Flashcards
1
Q
What is the Climate type of the Loire Valley?
A
Maritime in the western part
Continental in the eastern part
2
Q
What are the top white grape varietals of the Loire Valley?
A
Sauvignon Blanc
Chenin Blanc
Melon de Bourgogne (Muscadet)
3
Q
What is the top red grape varietals of the Loire Valley?
A
Cabernet Franc
Cabernet Sauvignon
Gamay
4
Q
What is the longest river in France and what region is it located?
A
The Loire River it flows from east to west and it’s located in the Loire Valley
5
Q
Where does the Loire River began?
A
Massif Central - a mountainous region in south central France
6
Q
What are the top 2 producing 100% Sauvignon Blanc regions in the Loire Valley?
A
Pouilly - Fume
Sancerre
7
Q
Where did Chenin Blanc get its name from?
A
Mount Chenin - small mountain located in the Loire River Valley
8
Q
What area in the Loire Valley is dedicated to 100% Chenin Blanc wines?
A
The Middle Loire
Anjou - Saumar - Savennières
- dry white wines
Touraine - Vouvray
- dry to sweet white wines
9
Q
What AOC region make the top dessert wines?
A
Coteaux du Layon
Subregions
- Bonnezeaux
- Quartes de Chaume
10
Q
What is the top AOC in the Loire Valley for producing Cabernet Franc?
A
Anjou - Saumur - Chinon
11
Q
What is Melon de Bourgonge?
A
- A white grape that originated in Burgundy but is now grown in the Loire Valley.
- Primarily grown in the western region of the Loire Valley in Pay Nantais in the AOC of Muscadet
- Also is called Muscadet
12
Q
What is the nickname of the Loire Valley
A
The Garden of France
13
Q
What is the furtherest western AOC in the Loire Valley?
A
Muscadet
14
Q
What is the furtherest eastern AOC in the Loire Valley?
A
Sancerre and Pouilly - Fume
15
Q
What are some other names for Chenin Blanc in the Loire Valley?
A
Pineau d’Anjou - Chenin Noir
Pineau de la Loire - Chenin Blanc
16
Q
What are some other names for Cabernet Franc in the Loire Valley?
A
- Bouchet
- Breton
- Bouchy
17
Q
What is the climate type of the Upper Loire (Central Vineyards)?
A
Cool - Continental
18
Q
What is the major city in the Upper Loire (Central vineyards)?
A
Orleans
19
Q
How did the Upper Loire get its name?
A
Cause it sets in the center of France, not in the center of the Loire Valley
Note:
Another name the Upper Loire is called: vins du Centre - wines from the center
20
Q
What is the soil types of the Upper Loire?
A
Western: Silex (Flint) , Limestone (Caillotte)
Eastern: Kimmeridgan Limestone (Terre Blanches)
21
Q
True or False
You can make red wines in Pouilly Fume?
A
False - it is only legal to make white wines in Pouilly Fume
22
Q
What is the main red grape varietal for Sancerre?
A
Pinot Noir
23
Q
What side of the Loire River does Sancerre set on?
A
Western Bank
24
Q
What type of red wines are made in Sancerre?
A
- traditional dry wines
- Rośe
All made from the Pinot Noir and Gamay grape
25
What does Fume mean?
Smoke
26
What bank does Pouilly - sur - Loire set on?
The Eastern Bank
27
What is the name of the famous subregion in Pouilly - sur - Loire?
Pouilly - Fume
28
What is the dominate soil type in Pouilly - Fume?
Silex (Flint)
29
What is the main grape in Pouilly - sur - Loire?
Chasselas
30
What type of flavor does Pouilly - Fume wines give and what causes it?
Smoke flavor and due to the silex in the soil, that causes the flavor to have that smokey taste
31
What is the main city in Touraine?
Tours
32
Where does the weather shift in the Loire Valley from Maritime to Continental?
Touraines
33
What is the largest area in the Loire Valley?
Touraines with 150 AOC regions
34
What type of wines are produced in the Touraines?
Red
White
Rośe
35
What is the red grape varietal in Touraine?
Cabernet Franc
36
What AOC regions in Touraine produce Red wines?
Chinon, Bourgueil, St. Nicolas-de-Bourgueil
37
What is the white grape varietal used mostly in Touraines?
Chenin Blanc
38
What appellations in Touraines make white wine?
Vouvray
Montlouis
39
What area is known as the little sister of Vouvray and why?
Montlouis - they produce a lesser quality Chenin Blanc than Vouvray
40
What is the most common style of Vouvray made?
Medium Dry
41
True or False
Almost all Medium -sweet Vouvray wines are the product of Botrytis Cinerea "Noble Rot"
True
42
What champagne method to they use in Vouvray to make their sparkling wines?
Mèthode Traditionnelle
43
A fully carbonated wine from Vouvray is called
Mousseaux
44
Sparkling wines with more of a slightly fizzy carbonation are called?
Pètillant
45
True or False
Chinon only produces red wines?
False
Chinon makes red wines from Cabernet Franc and a little Cabernet Sauvignon
Chinon makes white wines from Chenin Blanc
46
True or False
Wine produced in Saumar may be bottled under the Anjou Appellation?
True
47
Coteaux du Layon produces what types of grapes
Chenin Blanc
48
Pouilly Fume produces what type of grapes?
Sauvignon Blanc
49
Bourgueil produces what kind of grapes
Cabernet Franc (Petit Breton)
50
Muscadet Sèvre - et- Maine produces what type of grapes?
Melon du Bourgogne
51
Cour - Cheverny produces what kind of grapes?
Romorantin
52
Menetou - Salon is located in what region of the Loire Valley?
Central Vineyards - Upper Loire
53
Name an appellation that produces sweet wines within the Coteaux du Layon?
Quarts du Chaume
54
What is the dominant soil of Vouvray?
Tuffeau rocks - a type of limestone that forms the face of the cliffs in Vouvray
55
What type of wines does St-Nicolas-de-Bourgueil produce?
Red wines
56
What is the main grape of Pouilly-sur-Loire?
Chasselas
57
Pinot Noir produces what kind of wine in the Central Vineyards?
Sancerre Rouge
58
Savennieres is located in what region of the Loire Valley?
Anjou
59
What is the Primary red grape of Chinon?
Cabernet Franc (Breton)
60
Savennieres
Quarts de Chaume
Bonnezeuax
Coteaux du Layon
Coteaux de l'Aubance
Are all appellation in what part of the Loire Valley?
Anjou - Saumar
61
What is the main in the appellation of Anjou - Saumar?
Anjou
62
What are the Primary White Grape Varieties of Loire Valley
Chenin Blanc
Melon de Bourgogne (Muscadet) note: Muscadelle is a grape from Bordeaux! DO NOT CONFUSE!!!!
Sauvignon Blanc
63
What are the 4 regions of the Loire Valley
- Pay Nantais - Lower Loire
- Anjou - Saumur - Middle Loire
- Touraine - Middle Loire
- Central Vineyards - Upper Loire
64
What is Frances longest river and where does it flow
The Loire River - 629 mile river that starts in the Massif Central to the Atlantic Ocean
65
What is the French name of the Loire Valley
Jardin de la France - "Garden of France"
66
What region in France produces the most white wines
Loire Valley
67
What region is second only to Champagne in sparkling wine production
Loire Valley
68
What are some secondary grapes of Loire Valley and where are they grown
Orbois - Touraine AOC, Cremant de Loire, and Vin de Pays du Loir et Cher
Romorantin - Cour - Cheverny AOC
Chardonnay - all over Loire Valley
Gros Plant ( Folle Blanche) - western Loire Valley
Chasselas - Pouilly - sur - Loire
69
What is the alternate name of Pineau d'Aunis
Chenin Noir
70
What is the main city in Pays Nantais
Nantes
71
What is the main grape of Pays Nantais
Melon de Bourgonge (Muscadet) ⚪
72
Muscadet AOP
Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire AOP
Muscadet Côtes de Grandlieu AOP
Muscadet Sèrve-et-Maine AOP
These are the 4 appellations for what region in Loire Valley
Pays Nantais
73
What is the average abv for wines from Pays Nantais and why
12% abv or below
- to ensure lighter, fresher character
74
Of the 4 appellations of Muscadet, which one accounts over 80% of Muscadet production
Muscadet Sèrve-et-Maine AOP
75
What are the main rivers of Pays Nantais
Loire River
Maine River
Sèrve River
76
What are the main rivers that have a major influence on the wines from Muscadet Sèrve-et-Maine
Maine River
Sèrve River
77
What are some of the soils of Muscadet Sèrve-et-Maine that help produce classic Melon de Bourgogne
Gneiss
Silica
Clay
Granite
78
Nearly half of the production of wines from Muscadet Sèrve-et-Maine are bottled what way and why
Sur -Lie - they are aged on their lees over the winter, and bottles off the fine lees (without filtering)
- it adds complexity, richness, and a slight sparkle to the finished wine
79
Of the 4 major appellations of Muscadet which is the newest one
Muscadet Côtes de Grandlieu AOP
- created in 1994
80
What is Hermine d'Or
An unofficial labeling term used in Muscadet Sèrve-et- Maine that promotes terroir and stresses age-ability
81
Clisson
Le Pallet
Gorges
These are the 3 subzones for what Appellation
Muscadet Sèrve-et-Maine
82
What river do the 3 subzones of Muscadet Sèrve-et-Maine set off of
Sèrve River
83
Gros Plant du Pays Nantais AOC
Coteaux d'Ancenis AOC
Fiefs Vendéens AOC
These are AOCs that are apart of what Appellation and why were they able to gain their status
Pays Nantais
- due to the elimination of the VDQS tier in 2011
84
What is the largest area in the Loire Valley
Anjou
85
What area is the center of Loire Valley Sparkling wine production
Saumur
86
What is Chenin Blanc called in Saumur
Pineau de la Loire
87
Pineau de la Loire from Anjou is made in what style
Dry and Sweet
88
45% of Anjou total production is devoted to what type of wine
Rosé
89
What grape is used to make rosé from Anjou
Grolleau 🔴
90
Can Anjou wines be labeled Saumur
No, but Saumur wines maybe labeled Anjou
91
Chenin Blanc from Savennières AOP are generally made in what way
Dry
92
La Roche Aux Moines
Coulee De Serrant
These are considered the unofficial Grand Crus of what area
Savennières
93
Nicolas Joly is a monopole where in Savennières
La Roche Aux Moines
94
What helps the wines of Savennières have that complexity and honey style
It's steep Southern exposure and unique soil structure comprised of Blue schist mixed with volcanic debris
95
What is the main soil of Savennières
Blue Schist mixed with volcanic debris
96
What are the sweet wine districts of Anjou and what grape do they use
Coteaux du Layon AOP
Coteaux de l'Aubance AOP
They harvest Chenin Blanc later in the season as producers hope for botrytis
97
What are some of the major rivers in Anjou
Loire River
Layon River
Hyrôme River
Besnarderie River
Rau de Montayer River
98
Where is Coteaux du Layon
South Anjou
99
What famous AOPs are within Coteaux du Layon
Bonnezeaux AOP
Quarts de Chaume AOP
100
What type of wines do they produce in Bonnezeaux AOP and Quarts de Chaume AOP
Sweet Wines
101
Thouarcè is a commune by which major wine producing area in Anjou
Bonnezeaux AOP
102
Rochefort-sur-Loire is a commune by which major Appellation in Anjou
Quarts de Chaume AOP
103
True or False
Quarts de Chaume is a Grand Cru
Yes, from the 2010 harvest forward
104
What harvest did Quarts de Chaume receive Grand Cru status
2010
105
What is the soil type of Quarts de Chaume and what plays a very influential role as well
A small band of sandstone and schist hillsides on the banks of the Layon River
106
Domaine des Baumard
Château Pierre - Bise
These are highly regarded producers of what region in Loire Valley
Château du Layon - Quarts de Chaume
107
How many villages are entitled to add their name to basic Coteaux du Layon AOP
7
Beaulieu-sur-Layon
Rochefort - sur - Loire
Faye d'Anjou
St Lambert du Lattay
St - Aubin de Luigne
Rablay - sur - Layon
Chaume
108
What is the requirement for wines that are labeled by village in Coteaux du Layon AOP
- must reach higher minimum must weights and are harvested at lower maximum yields
109
Saumur AOP makes what type of wines
Red 🔴
Dry White ⚪
Sparking white and rose 🍾
110
When making a white wine from Saumur AOP, these two grapes can make up 20% of the blend
Chardonnay
Sauvignon Blanc
111
What wines make up Saumur Rouge
Cabernet Franc
Cabernet Sauvignon
Pineau d'Aunis
112
Can you make rosé wine in Saumur AOP
No, it isn't authorized
113
Over half of the grapes in Saumur are used to make what type of wine
sparkling wine
- Saumur AOP
- Crèmant de Loire AOP
114
The most ageworthy red wines have always come from where in Loire Valley and what two regions
Touraine - Chinon and Bourgueil
115
Chinon AOP
Bourgueil AOP
St Nicolas-de-Bourgueil AOP
All three of these produce what wine
Cabernet Franc
116
What are the 3 soil types of Chinon
Tuffeau
Clay
Varennes
117
What river is closest to a Chinon and is a tributary to the Loire River
Vienne River
118
What soil type of Chinon is closest to the Vienne River
The sandy, alliuvial varennes soil
119
Where is Tuffeau most common in Chinon
On the slopes
120
What is Vins de Tuffe
Tuffeau soil originating from the limestone south facing slopes
- this soil type had the most promise and depth
121
Is Chinon AOP located on the north or south bank of the Loire River?
South
122
In Chinon, Bourgueil and St Nicolas de Bourgueil what is the max amount of Cabernet Sauvignon allowed in Cabernet Franc
10%
123
Bourgueil and St Nicolas - de - Bourgueil make what type of wines only
Red 🔴
Rosé ⚪🔴
124
Can you make white wine in Chinon
Yes, only small amounts though from the Chenin Blanc grape
125
Vouvray is located on what side of the Loire River
North
126
What bank does Montlouis-sir-Loire lie on
South
127
What is Touraines Largest and most important white wine district
Vouvray AOP
128
What is the main soil type of Vourvay AOP
Tuffeau limestone
129
What are the sweetness levels Vouvray is produced
Sec
Sec - Tendre (off-dry)
Demi - Sec
Moelleux
Liquereux
130
Are Bourgueil AOP and St-Nicolas-de-Bourgueil AOP located on the north or south bank of the Loire River?
North
131
Name the 3 rivers that touch Chinon AOP? Which is the most important?
Vienne River - most important
Indre River
Loire River
132
What is the most common trellising system in Chinon AOP for Cabernet Sauvignon and Cabernet Franc?
Guyot Simple
| -pruned to one long cane with a maximum of seven buds
133
What two trellising methods are permitted in Chinon AOP? Which is preffered for Chenin Blanc?
Guyot Simple
| Guyot Double -preferred for Chenin Blanc
134
What is the most important subsoil in Vouvray, that is known for being soft allowing for an impressive network of underground cellars in the area?
tuffeau limestone
135
What type of style is sparkling wine made in Vouvray AOP
Pétillant
Mousseux
136
What are some of the red varieties of Vouvray
Gamay
Groslot
Pineau d'Aunis
Caberent Franc
137
What style of Gamay is most sold in Vouvray
Beaujolais Nouveau
138
What is the major city of Central Vineyards
Orleans
139
How long does Vin Mousseux (sparkling wine) made in Touraine AOP need to stay in contact with lees before being released?
9 months
140
For Touraine AOP, what are the 5 key villages?
Amboise
Mesland
Azay-le-Rideau
Oisly
Chenonceaux
141
What grape is used for Primeur Rouge in Touraine AOP?
Gamay
- all grapes must be picked manually
142
If a white wine from Touraine AOP has the village of "Amboise" or "Azay-le-Rideau" on the label, then what is the only grape permitted for that wine?
Chenin Blanc
143
If a white wine from Touraine AOP has the village of "Oisly" or "Chenonceaux" on the label, then what is the only grape permitted for that wine?
Sauvignon Blanc
144
What are the laws concerning a white wine made in Touraine AOP that has on the label the name "Mesland"?
min. 60% Chenin Blanc
max. 30% Sauvignon Blanc
max. 15% Chardonnay
145
What is the rosé appellation in Touraine that recreates a historical style of "vin gris"? What grapes are used in this appellation?
Touraine Noble-Joué AOP
- Gris Meunier (Pinot Meunier)
- Malvosie (Pinot Gris)
- Pinot Noir
146
If Cour-Cheverny AOP is on the label then it must be what style of wine?
White wine
| 100% Romorantin
147
What is the name of the area that is north of Loire Valley but still is apart of the appellation
Loire Territory
Coteaux du Loir AOP
- areas are located right outside of Touraine
148
What type of wine do they make in the Coteaux du Loir AOP
Red Blends
Rosé
White Wines
149
What are the main grapes of Coteaux du Loir AOP
Pineau d'Aunis - red blends and rosé
Chenin Blanc - white wines
150
Name the most famous sub Appellation of Coteaux du Loir AOP
Jasnières AOP
151
What is the main grape of Jasnières AOP
Chenin Blanc - the only grape that can be bottled in the appellation
152
Where is Coteaux du Vendômois AOP located
Northeast of Coteaux du Loir AOP
153
What type of wines do they make and from what grape
Rosé from Pineau d'Aunis
154
Where is Cheverny AOP and Cour Cheverny AOP
On the eastern edge of Touraine
155
What is the main grape of Cheverny AOP
Pinot Noir 🔴
Gamay 🔴
Sauvignon Blanc ⚪
156
What is the bottle grape varietally of Cour Cheverny
Romorantin
157
Where is Valençay located
Southeast of Touraine
158
What does Valençay specialize in what two things
Wine
Goat milk cheese
159
What are the main grapes of Valençay
Gamay 🔴
Pinot Noir 🔴
Malbec (cot) 🔴
Sauvignon Blanc ⚪
160
What type of wines do they make in Valençay AOP
Red
Rosé
White
161
Orleans
Orleans - Cléry
Pouilly-sur-Loire / Pouilly Fume
Menetou - Salon
Quincy
Reuilly
Coteaux du Giennois
These are the main AOPs for what area in the Loire Valley
Central Vineyards
162
What is classic Sancerre and Pouilly Fume usually aged in
Stainless Steel
163
Can you make anything other than white wine in Pouilly Fumé
No
164
What is the main grape for Sancerre Rouge and Rose
Pinot Noir
165
What is the main grapes of Menetou - Salon AOP
Sauvignon Blanc
Pinot Noir
166
What are the main grapes of Reuilly AOP
Pinot Noir
Pinot Gris - used to make Rosé
Sauvignon Blanc
167
What is the main grapes of Quincy AOP
Sauvignon Blanc
168
What was the second demarcated Appellation of France
Quincy - Central Vineyards - Loire Valley
169
What is the main grapes of Coteaux du Giennois and what type of wines do they make
Pinot Noir - Red wine and Rosé
Gamay - Red wine and Rosé
170
Where is the warmest part of the Loire Valley
Touraine
171
Cheverny
Vouvray
Montlouis
Bourgueil
Chinon
Coteaux du Loir
Jasnières
These are the main districts for what region in the Loire Valley
Touraine
172
Anjou
Saumur
Savennières
Coteaux-du-Layon
These are the main District to what region in the Loire Valley
Anjou - Saumur
173
Muscadet de Sèvre-et-Maine
Muscadet Côtes de Grandlieu
Muscadet des Coteaux de la Loire
Coteaux d'Ancenis
Muscadet
These are the main districts for what region in the Loire Valley
Pays Nantais
174
Pouilly - Fumé
Pouilly Blanc Fumé
Blanc Fumé de Pouilly
Are all wines made from what grapes and are located where
Central Vineyards - Pouilly Fumé
175
What is in the soil of Terre Blanche
Kimmeridgeon Clay
- soil is similar to that of Chablis
176
What is in the soil of Caillottes
Stones over limestone
177
What is in the soil of Silex
Flint stones over limestone
178
What grapes grow well on Terre Blanche
Sauvignon Blanc
179
What grape grows well on Silex
Pinot Noir
180
What is the main grapes of Menetou - Salon
Sauvignon Blanc
Pinot Noir
Gamay
181
What type wines do they make in Menetou - Salon
Red
Rosé
White
182
Quincy AOP sets off what river and what side of the river
West Bank of the River Cher
183
What grapes are the main grapes of Quincy AOP
Sauvignon Blanc
184
What type of wines do they make in Quincy AOP
White - Only AC wines are made in this style
Red - are always classified as Vin de Pays
Rosé - are always classified as Vin de Pays
185
What village is located southwest of Quincy AOP
Reuilly AOP
186
What are the main grapes of Reuilly
Sauvignon Blanc
Pinot Gris
Pinot Noir
187
What type of wines are made in Reuilly AOP
White
Red
Rosé
188
What are the main grapes of Orleans AOP
Pinot Noir
Pinot Meunier
Chardonnay
189
What type of wines do they make in Orlèans AOP
Red
White
Rosé
190
What is Orlèans Clèry AOC main grape
Cabernet Franc
191
What type of wines are made in Orlèans Clèry AOP
Red
