Italy- booklet 4

Question 1

Piedmont’s problem with Venetia

Answer 1

In eyes of nationalists, Piedmontese gov would have to take lead to getting back Venetia and Rome.
However, most of army was fighting Brigand’s war in the south

Question 2

Garibaldi acts with Venetia

Answer 2

December 1861 he formed the Italian Freedom Association
May 1862 a group of his supporters arrested at Austrian border.
Attempted to engineer uprisings in 1862 and 1864- the government has to intervene both times.

Question 3

Foreign interventions with the Austro-Prussian war

Answer 3

After Schleswig-Holstein affair 1866, Austria had been deemed to have violated the joint sovereignty of the region allowed Prussia and Italy to see Austria as their joint enemy.
La Marmora attempted to buy Venetia for 1,000 million lire.
1865, Bismark met with Napoleon who promised neutrality in any war.
Napoleon helped create alliance between Italy & Prussia in April 1866- Italy was promised Veneita
20th June 1866, Italy declared war on Austria

Question 4

What happened during the Austro-Prussian war?

Answer 4

Italy- 250,000 men, 12 ironclad ships
Austria- 130,000 men, 7 ships
Inexperienced generals due to bribery and corruption.
Only 25% of army only ever reached the front
24th June- battle of Custozza, were defeated
July- battle of Lissa; Persano’s fleet defeated, lost 3 ships. Fired 1450 shells, only landed 1 major hit
Prussians crushed Austria July 3rd
Armistice signed July 26th

Question 5

What was the legacy of the Austro-Prussian war?

Answer 5

Damaged pride of army, nationalists and monarchy as Venetia was given to them via a foreign power.
Venetia was given to France initially due to a secret treaty between France and Austria, and Napoleon immediately ceded it to Italy.
Venetia approved with 647,246 votes
October 1866, Venetia celebrated Austrian departure
War caused lots of debt

Question 6

When did Venetia become part of Italy?

Answer 6

1866, with 647,246 votes to 69

Question 7

How many PMs followed Cavour in how many years?

Answer 7

5 PMs in 5 years
Risacoli (1861-62)
Rattazzi (1862)
Farini (1862-63)
Minghetti (1863-64)
La Marmora (1864-66)

Question 8

Why was Rattazzi forced to stop Garibaldi?

Answer 8

Forced to stop Garibaldi with troops in 1862 when he attempted to attack Rome with his Society for the Emancipation of Rome

Question 9

What did they introduce to combat the debt after the Austro-Prussian war?

Answer 9

Introduced Grist tax (1868) and nationalise church land (1867)

Question 10

What did all PMs lack after Cavour?

Answer 10

Support from King

Question 11

What percent of population voted in the parliament?

Answer 11

2%
OR
150,000

Question 12

What was the population of Italy in 1860s?

Answer 12

27 million

Question 13

How many members of parliament?

Answer 13

443 members