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Italy Flashcards

1
Q

The first DOCGs were awarded in 1980 when what 3 DOCs were promoted?

A

Brunello di Montalcino
Barolo
Vino Nobile di Montepulciano

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2
Q

Unlike requirements set by most French appellations, DOCGs stipulate _______ requirements as well.

A

Aging requirements

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3
Q

What is IGT?

A

Indicazione Geografica Tipica–introduced in 1992 it offered a more relaxed regulation, giving winemakers more freedoms.

Wines are often varietally labeled and can range in quality.

Considered PGIs by the EU (vs DOC/DOCGs being considered PDOs)

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4
Q

What is Vino da Tavola?

A

Table wine–it cannot bear any geographical designation beside “Italy” itself

Super Tuscans got their start as VdT’s

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5
Q

What are the levels of Italian Wine Classification?

A

1) Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita (DOCG—in EU it’s DOP)
2) Denominazione di Origine Controllata (DOC)
3) Indicazione Geografica Tipica (IGT–in EU it’s IGP)
4) Vino (previously Vino da Tavola)

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6
Q

What river cuts through Piedmont, creating a soil that’s too rich and fertile for viticulture, forcing the many grape-growing regions south of the river valley and to the foothills?

A

The River Po

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7
Q

What hills are prized for their southern exposures and are home to Nebbiolo?

A

Langhe and Monferrato hills

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8
Q

What are the 3 main red grapes of Piedmont?

A

Nebbiolo
Dolcetto–“little sweet one;” lower in acid, fruity
Barbera–most planted grape in Piedmont

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9
Q

What is Piedmont’s most planted white grape? What are other white grapes grown in the region?

A

Moscato Bianco is the most planted–often used in sparkling wine production in Asti

Cortese
Arneis
Erbaluce
Vermentino

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10
Q

Which region has 16 DOCGs and over 40 DOCs–the most of any region in the world?

A

Piedmont

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11
Q

What are the aging requirements for Barolo and Barolo Riserva?

A

At least 38 months (from Nov 1st of the harvest year), but only 18 must be in oak

For Riserva, a total of 62 months (5 years) before release

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12
Q

What are the aging requirements for Barbaresco and Barbaresco Riserva?

A

A min 2 years, with a min 9 months in cask

For Riserva, a min of 4 years

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13
Q

What is Barolo Chianto?

A

A DOCG that makes aromatized wine flavored with quinine (ex: Cappellano)

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14
Q

Where is Roero DOCG located?

A

Across the Tanaro River from Barolo and Barbaresco in Piedmont

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15
Q

Roero is known for producing what types of wine?

A

Red wine with a min of 95% nebbiolo

White wines from the Arneis grape

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16
Q

What are the two DOCG appellations for Barbera?

A

Barbera d’Asti

Barbera del Monferrato Superiore

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17
Q

What are the aging requirements for Barbera d’Asti and Barbera del Monferrato Superiore?

A

Barera d’Asti can be released as “normale” after only 4 months aging

Barbera del Monferrato Superiore spends 14 months aging, with 6 months in cask

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18
Q

What are the DOCG appellations for Dolcetto and how are they released (normale/superiore)?

A

Dogliani–normale or superiore
Dolcetto di Ovada Superiore–must be superiore
Dolcetto di Diano d’Alba–normale or superiore

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19
Q

For Dolcetto DOCGs, what is the aging requirement for Superiore?

A

1 year aging

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20
Q

What was the first still white wine DOCG in Piedmont and what does it produce?

A

Gavi DOCG–dry, minteral whites from Cortese

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21
Q

What region is the largest producer of DOCG wine in Italy?

A

Asti

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22
Q

What does Asti DOCG make?

A

Fully spumante wines comprised solely of Moscato Bianco, blended from vast vineyards across the souther provinces of Piedmont before undergoing secondary fermentation, usually via the Charmat Method.

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23
Q

What’s the difference between Moscato d’Asti DOCG and Asti DOCG?

A

Asti is always entirely sparkling.

Moscato d’Asti is slightly sparkling (frizzante) crafted from riper Moscato Bianco grapes. It’s a delicate wine reaching only 4.5-6.5% alcohol.

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24
Q

What is produced in Alta Langa DOCG?

A

More serious traditional method sparkling wine made from Pinot Noir and Chardonnay in the Champagne or Franciacorta styles.

Must age for min 30 months after harvest and riserva wines must wait a full 3 years.

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25
Q

Where is Brachetto d’Acqui DOCG?

A

Piedmont

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26
Q

Where is Franciacorta DOCG?

A

Lombardy

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27
Q

What grapes are permitted in Franciacorta?

A

Pinot Noir, Chardonnay, and a max 50% Pinot Bianco

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28
Q

For a NV Franciacorta, what are the aging requirements?

What about Vintage?

A

NV: A min 18 months on lees and may not be released until 25 months after the harvest

Vintage: may not be released for a min 37 months

29
Q

How is rose Franciacorta produced?

A

By blending, not saignee

30
Q

Where is Oltrepo Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG and what does it produce?

A

Southern Lombardy

Produced method traditional sparkling wine from a min 70% Pinot Noir (if it’s min 85% it can be bottled varietally)

31
Q

What grape dominates Valtellina DOC and what are the DOCGs?

A

Chiavennasca (nebbiolo)

Valtellina Superiore DOCG
Sforzato di Valtellina (or Valtellina Sfurzat)

32
Q

Where is Lambrusco produced?

A

Primarily in Emilia-Romagna

33
Q

What is the northern most region in Italy?

A

Trentino-Alto Adige

34
Q

What region produces more wine than any other Italian region?

A

Veneto

35
Q

Where is Amarone DOCG?

A

Valpolicella (which is in Veneto)

36
Q

Valpolicella is produced from 45-95% of this grape?

A

Corvina

37
Q

What is the most important white wine region in Veneto? What is produced?

A

Soave DOC

Wines are comprised of a min 70% garganega

38
Q

Where is Prosecco produced?

A

Veneto

39
Q

What is Prosecco?

A

A sparkling wine made in the Charmat method, undergoing second fermentation in tank.

40
Q

If Prosecco is not at DOC level it can no longer be called prosecco and must be labeled as ________ on the bottle?

A

The historical name–Glera.

41
Q

What grapes are traditionally bottled varietally in Friuli-Venezia Giulia?

A

Pinot Bianco
Chardonnay
Pinot Grigio
Sauvignon Blanc

42
Q

Verduzzo Gialla (Ramandolo) and Picolit produce passito wines under what 2 DOCGs in Friuli?

A

Ramandolo DOCG

Colli Orientali del Friuli-Picolit DOCG

43
Q

What Italian region is known for its orange wine?

A

Friuli

44
Q

What indigenous varietal is Friuli’s “trademark white variety?”

A

Friulano

45
Q

What red grapes grow in Friuli?

A 
Merlot---most planted 
Cabernet Franc/Sauvignon--used for blending
Refosco
Schioppettino
Pignolo
46
Q

Where were the first authorized DOC and DOCG zones located?

A

Tuscany

47
Q

What are the 3 main red grapes of Tuscany?

A

Sangiovese–main grape
Nebbiolo
Aglianico

48
Q

What Tuscan DOCGs use Sangiovese as the principal grape?

A 
Brunello di Montalcino--it's the sole grape used
Chianti
Chianti Classico
Carmignano
Vino Nobile di Montepulciano
Morellino di Scansano
Montecucco Sangiovese
49
Q

What white grapes are common in Tuscany?

A

Trebbiano
Malvasia
Vermentino

50
Q

For Chianti DOCG, what percentage must be sangiovese?

A

70-100%

51
Q

What are the aging requirements for Chianti DOCG (normale, riserva, and superiore)?

A

Normale–released on March 1 of the year following harvest

Riserva–released with a minimum 2 years of aging

Superiore–an additional 0.5% alcohol and lower vineyard yields

52
Q

What soils are found in Chianti Classico DOCG?

A

Galestro–soft friable, marl-like
Alberese–similar to galestro
Sandstone

53
Q

Sangiovese must comprise what percentage of Chianti Classico?

A

Minimum of 80%

54
Q

Are white grapes permitted in Chianti DOCG or Chianti Classico DOCG?

A

In Chianti, the addition of Malvasia and Trebbiano is now optional (vs mandatory).

In Chianti Classico, blending in white grapes is prohibited, as of 2006.

55
Q

What are the minimum alcohol requirements for Chianti and Chianti Classico?

A

11.5% for Chianti

12% for Chianti Classico

56
Q

What are the aging requirements for Chianti Classico (normale, riserva, gran selezione)?

A

Normale–aged for a year prior to release

Riserva–aged for 2 years (same as Chianti)

Gran Selezione–aged for a min 30 months prior to release

57
Q

What grape/s make up Brunello di Montalcino DOCG?

A

Made from 100% Sangiovese Grosso, also known as Brunello.

58
Q

What are the aging requirements for Brunello di Montalcino?

A

A minimum of 2 years in barrel and 4 months in bottle for Normale, or 6 months for Riserva.

59
Q

When can Brunello di Montalcino be released?

A

January 1st of the 5th year following harvest.

For riserva–it’s the 6th year.

60
Q

What grape/s make up Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG?

A

Minimum of 70% Sangiovese

Maximum of 30% other Tuscan varieties, with not more than 5% for white grapes.

61
Q

What are the aging requirements for Vino Nobile di Montepulciano?

A

A minimum of 2 years, with at least one in wood.

For Riserva, it’s a minimum of 3 years.

62
Q

What two wines/producers set the stage for Super Tuscans when they bottled under vino da tavola instead of their DOCG?

A

Marquis Mario Rocchetta’s Sassicaia

Antinori’s Tignanello

63
Q

What producer is known for making a 100% Sangiovese wine prior to that being allowed in the DOCG (in line with the Super Tuscan movement)?

A

Montevertine’s La Pergole Torte

64
Q

What grapes are found in Umbria?

A

Red: sangiovese and sagrantino
White: trebbiano and grechetto (in Orvieto DOC)

65
Q

What are the primary grapes of the Marche?

A

Verdicchio, malvasia, trebbiano

66
Q

What grape characterizes Abruzzo?

A

Montepulciano–the DOCG mandates a minimum of 90%

67
Q

What are the 3 DOCGs for Aglianico and where are they located?

A

Taurasi DOCG–Campania
Aglianico del Taburno DOCG–Campania
Aglianico del Vulture Superiore–Basilicata

68
Q

What are the white DOCGs of Campania?

A

Greco di Tufo DOCG

Fiano di Avellino DOCG

69
Q

Where is Marsala made?

A

Northern Sicily

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