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Certified Exam > Burgundy > Flashcards

Burgundy Flashcards

1
Q

How is land divided in Burgundy, what’s the name of the law, and when was it enacted?

A

The 1804 Napoleonic Code dictates that inheritances must be split equally among heirs.

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2
Q

When did power start to switch back to domains and growers from negociants?

A

1920s

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3
Q

What are the 5 wine growing regions in Burgundy from north to south?

A 
Chablis
Cote d'Or
Cote Chalonnaise
Maconnais
Beaujolais
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4
Q

What are the two subregions of the Cote d’Or?

A

Cote de Nuits

Cote de Beaune

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5
Q

What are the main grapes allowed in Burgundy?

A 
Pinot Noir
Gamay
Chardonnay
Aligote
Pinot Blanc
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6
Q

What are the four levels of appellations in Burgundy?

A

Regionale (comprises 50% of production)
Village
Premier (1er) cru
Grand cru (accounts for less than 2%)

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7
Q

Of the 5 regions of Burgundy, which 2 have grand crus?

A

Cote d’Or

Chablis

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8
Q

What is the standard regional appellation for Burgundy and what styles of wine are allowed?

A

Bourgogne AOP

Red, white, and rose

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9
Q

Under the Bourgogne AOP, where can gamay be bottled/labelled varietally?

A

Beaujolais

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10
Q

In addition to geographic designations, what two AOPs are in the Cote d’Or?

A

Cote de Beaune-Villages AOP

Cote de Nuits-Village AOP

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11
Q

To be labeled Cote de Beaune-Villages AOP, wines must be ______ (white/red) and CANNOT be sourced from these 4 villages.

A

Red wine

Pommard
Volnay
Aloxe-Corton
Beaune

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12
Q

To be labeled Cote de Nuits-Villages AOP, wines must be sourced from these 5 villages.

A

Fixin and Brochon (north)

Prissey, Corgoloin, and Comblanchien (south)

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13
Q

What is the appellation for varietal wines produced solely from Aligote?

A

Bourgogne Aligote AOP

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14
Q

What is important about Bourgogne Passe-Tout-Grains AOP?

A

Red and rose wines produced from a Pinot Noir (min 30%) and Gamay (min 15%) blend where the grapes must be vinified together, not separately.

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15
Q

What are the two sparkling wine AOPs in Burgundy?

A

Cremant de Bourgogne

Bourgogne Mousseux

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16
Q

What is Bourgogne Mousseux AOP?

A

A sparkling wine AOP reserved exclusively for sparkling reds produced in a traditional method. It’s an older, rare appellation.

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17
Q

When was Cremant de Bourgogne AOP started and what are the requirements for classification?

A

Debuted in 1975.

AOP for hand-harvested, traditional method white and rose sparkling wines, primarily using chardonnay and pinot noir.

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18
Q

Although Cremant de Bourgogne can be produced all around Burgundy, where is production concentrated?

A

Rully in the Cote Chalonnaise

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19
Q

In village level wines from Cote d’Or, where are the grapes planted?

A

On the commune’s eastern side (slight slope) or along the far western side, near the forest. The grand and premier crus fall between these two extremes.

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20
Q

T/F: Grand cru wines in Burgundy are single vineyard sites with their own AOP status, independent of the village they lie within.

A

True

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21
Q

What is the smallest grand cru vineyard in the Cote d’Or?

A

La Romanee AOP (.85 ha)

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22
Q

What is the largest grand cru vineyard in the Cote d’Or?

A

Corton AOP (160ha)

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23
Q

What are the 3 AOPs of Chablis?

A

Chablis AOP
Petit Chablis AOP
Chablis Grand Cru AOP

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24
Q

T/F: To label wine as Chablis it must be made exclusively from Chardonnay.

A

True

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25
Q

What soil type is found under all the premier and grand cru sites in Chablis?

A

Kimmeridgian marl

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26
Q

What is Kimmeridgian marl?

A

Soil type made from a mixture of limestone and clay laced with millions of oyster fossils.

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27
Q

Petit Chablis vines are planted on kimmeridgian marl that is covered over by what other type of soil?

A

Portlandien limestone

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28
Q

What is Burgundy’s largest white wine growing region?

A

Chablis

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29
Q

Does premier cru Chablis traditionally use new oak?

A

No, traditionally new oak is reserved for grand crus.

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30
Q

There is only one grand cru appellation in Chablis (what is it?), but there are 7 geographic designations (“grand crus”) within the appellation. What are they?

A

Chablis Grand Cru

Le Clos
Vaudesir
Valmur
Preuses
Banchot
Bougros
Grenouilles 
La Moutonne--unofficial (allowed on labels but not recognized as grand cru)
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31
Q

What soil type is found in the Cote d’Or?

A

Limestone is the building block and a mixture of limestone and clay make up the topsoil

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32
Q

What are combes?

A

A significant geological feature in the Cote d’Or that cuts the cotes into sections, serving as a conduit for cool breezes.

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33
Q

Vineyards in the Cote de Nuits face ________ while vineyards in the Cote de Beaune face ________.

A

CdN: due east
CdB: southeast

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34
Q

Are the soil types the same in the Cote de Nuits and the Cote de Beaune?

A

Other than Montrachet, soils in the CdB usually obtain more marl and less limestone than the CdN.

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35
Q

In the Cote d’Or, all of the white wine grand crus in Burgundy, except for one, are located where?

What is the exception?

A

Cote de Beaune

Musigny may produce whites in the CdN

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36
Q

In the Cote d’Or, all of the red wine grand crus in Burgundy, except for one, are located where?

What is the exception?

A

Cote de Nuits

Corton

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37
Q

What are the village appellations in the Cote de Nuits (from N to S) and which ones are also allowed to produce white wines?

A 
Marsannay* 
Fixin*
Gevrey-Chambertin
Morey-Saint-Denis*
Chambolle-Musigny
Vougeot* 
Vosne-Romanee
Nuits-Saint-George*
  • = also allowed to produce AOP white wine, but often very little if at all.
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38
Q

How many grand crus sites are in the Cote de Nuits?

A

24

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39
Q

What is the largest village appellation and also has the most grand crus within a single village in the Cote d’Or?

A

Gevrey-Chambertin

40
Q

What are the grand crus of Gevrey-Chambertin?

A 
Chambertin
Chambertin-Clos de Beze
Chapelle-Chambertin
Charmes-Chambertin
Griotte-Chambertin
Latricieres-Chambertin
Mazis-Chambertin
Mazoyeres-Chambertin
Ruchottes-Chambertin
41
Q

What famous premier cru is located in Gevrey-Chambertin and why is it excluded from grand cru consideration?

A

Clos Saint-Jacques

It doesn’t touch the borders of Chambertin itself

42
Q

What are some highly regarded domains of Gevrey-Chambertin?

A

Armand Rousseau
Claude Dugat
Jean-Marie Fourrier

43
Q

What are the 2 grand crus in Chambolle-Musigny and what is the one premier cru site of note?

A

Musigny
Bonnes Mares

Les Amoureuses–premier cru

44
Q

What are some producers of note in Chambolle-Musigny?

A

Georges de Vogue
Chislaine Barthod
George and Christophe Roumier
Perrot-Minot

45
Q

What are the 4 grand crus of Morey-Saint-Denis and what is the 5th one that is shared (who is it split with)?

A 
Clos de Tart
Clos de Lambrays
Clos de la Roche 
Clos St-Denis 
Bonnes-Mares (mostly in Chambolle-Musigny)
46
Q

Top producers of Morey-Saint-Denis

A

Dujac

Ponsot

47
Q

What is the largest grand cru in the Cote de Nuits?

A

Clos de Vougeot (50ha)

48
Q

What is the grand cru of Vougeot?

A

Clos de Vougeot

49
Q

What are the 4 main premier crus of Vougeot?

A

Clos de la Perriere
Les Petits Vougot
Les Cras
Le Clos Blanc

50
Q

What are the 6 grand crus of Vosne-Romanee?

A 
La Romanee (smallest AOP in France)--monopole
La Tache--monopole
Romanee-Conti--monopole
La Grande Rue--monopole
Richebourg
Romanee-Saint-Vivant
51
Q

What is the only premier cru of Vosne-Romanee that doesn’t abut a grand cru site?

A

Clos de Reas

52
Q

What are the 2 grand crus of Flagey-Echezeaux?

A

Echezeaux

Grand Echezeaux

53
Q

What are the grand crus of Nuits-Saint-George?

A

There are none. There is talk of elevating the premier cru Les Saint-George to grand cru, though.

54
Q

What hill/village marks the start of the Cote de Beaune?

A

Corton

55
Q

What is the AOP in Corton that encompasses most of the grand crus?

A

Corton AOP

56
Q

What two smaller appellations within Corton are designated for only grand cru white wine?

A

Corton-Charlemagne

Charlemagne

57
Q

Corton, Corton-Charlemagne, and Charlemagne are all grand cru sites divided amongst 3 communes of Corton. What are these communes?

A

Aloxe-Corton
Ladoix-Serrigny
Pernand-Vergelesses

58
Q

What is the epicenter of production in the Cote de Beaune? Does it have any grand or premier crus?

What producers make it their home base?

A

Beaune is the commercial center of production–home to Joseph Drouhin, Bouchard Pere et Fils, and Louis Jadot.

No grand crus, but Beaune is home to 42 premier crus of both white and red–85% of the vineyards are classified as premier cru!

59
Q

Some premier crus in Meursault that are adjacent to Volnay can label their wines as ______ if they are made with pinot noir instead of chardonnay.

A

Volnay 1er Cru Santenots

60
Q

What are some esteemed producers in Volnay

A

d’Angerville
Hubert de Montille
Michel Lafarge

61
Q

What two village AOPs in the Cote de Beaune are reserved for red wines?

A

Volnay

Pommard

62
Q

What commune produces the most white wine in the Cote d’Or?

Does it have any grand crus?

A

Meursault

No grand crus, although some premier crus like Perrieres, Les Genevrieres, and Les Charmes are of the same quality.

63
Q

What are the grand crus of Puligny-Montrachet?

A

Montrachet (shared with Chassagne-Montrachet)
Chevalier-Montrachet
Bienvenues-Batard-Montrachet
Batard-Montrachet (shared with Chassagne-Montrachet)

64
Q

What are the grand crus of Chassagne-Montrachet?

A

Montrachet (shared with Puligny-Montrachet)
Criots-Batard-Montrachet
Batard-Montrachet (shared with Puligny-Montrachet)

65
Q

What is the smallest white grand cru site in the Cote d’Or?

A

Criots-Batard-Montrachet

66
Q

Famous producers in Puligny-Montrachet

A

Domain Leflaive

Jacques Carillon

67
Q

What commune has the most premier cru sites in the Cote d’Or?

A

Chassagne-Montrachet

68
Q

What factor makes ripening difficult in the Cote Chalonnaise?

A

It doesn’t have the protection of the hills like the Cote d’Or does to protect it against the cool westerly winds.

69
Q

Within Bourgogne-Cote Chalonnaise AOP, there are _____ communes producing red, white, and rose wines, with 5 main villages having their own appellation entirely. What are those 5?

A

44 communes within Bourgogne-Cote Chalonnaise

Bouzeron
Rully
Givry
Mercurery
Montagny
70
Q

What appellations in the Cote Chalonnaise produce ONLY white wines?

A

Montagny and Bouzeron

71
Q

What wines can be produced in Rully, Givry, and Mercurery?

A

Red or white wines

Rully–primarily white
Givry / Mercurery–some of the best reds in the Cote Chalonnaise

72
Q

What is the only village appellation in Burgundy that produces varietal wines from Aligote?

A

Bouzeron

73
Q

What is the main place of production for Cremant de Bourgogne? What is the main grape?

A

Rully

Chardonnay

74
Q

The Maconnais is one of the largest producers of ________ wine in Burgundy, second only to _______.

A

White wine

Chablis

75
Q

If red grapes are planted in the Maconnais, they are oftentimes _____.

A

Gamay

76
Q

What wines can be produced in Macon AOP?

A

White, rose, and red (including varietally labeled Gamay)

77
Q

To be labeled as Macon-Villages AOP, a wine must be _________.

A

White wine

78
Q

In contrast to Chardonnay produced in the rest of Burgundy, in the Maconnais most producers ___________.

A

Ferment in stainless steel, not oak.

79
Q

What are the 5 village AOPs in the Maconnais and what do they produce?

A 
Pouilly-Fuisse
Pouilly-Loche
Pouilly-Vinzelles
Saint-Veran
Vire-Clesse

They only produce chardonnay!

80
Q

What is the highest regarded winegrowing area in the Maconnais?

A

Pouilly-Fuisse

81
Q

What is the youngest appellation in the Maconnais?

A

Vire-Clesse added in 1999

82
Q

There are 11 AOPs in Beaujolais, including Beaujolais AOP and the 10 crus of Beaujolais. What are the crus?

A 
St. Amour
Julienas
Moulin-a-Vent
Chenas
Fleurie
Chiroubles
Morgon
Regnie
Brouilly
Cote de Brouilly
83
Q

Most wines produced under Beaujolais AOP come from what part of the region?

A

The southern, flatter section of Beaujolais

84
Q

Hand harvesting and __________ are widespread throughout Beaujolais production.

A

Carbonic Maceration

85
Q

What are the grand crus of Chablis? Name a producer associated with each grand cru.

A
  1. Blanchot: Raveneau
  2. Bougros: William Fevre
  3. Grenouilles: Benoit Droin
  4. Les Clos: Vincent Dauvissat, Raveneau, Billaud-Simon
  5. Preuses: Vincent Dauvissat, Sebastien Dauvissat, Billaud-Simon
  6. Valmur: Raveneau
  7. Vaudesir: Louis Michel
86
Q

What is the only appellation in Burgundy for Sauvignon Blanc?

A

St. Bris AOP

87
Q

What are the grand crus of Gevrey-Chambertin?

A
  1. Chambertin
  2. Chambertin Clos de Beze
  3. Chapelle-Chambertin
  4. Charmes-Chambertin
  5. Griotte-Chambertin
  6. Latricieres-Chambertin
  7. Mazis-Chambertin
  8. Mazoyeres-Chambertin
  9. Ruchottes-Chambertin
88
Q

Rousseau, Dujac, Ponsot, and Joseph Drouhin all make grand cru wine from this site in Gevrey-Chambertin.

A

Chambertin

89
Q

Bonnes Mares, Clos de La Roche, Clos de Tart, Clos des Lambrays, and Clos St-Denis are all grand cru vineyards in what AOP?

A

Morey-Saint-Denis (Cote de Nuits)

90
Q

Bonnes Mares and Musigny are the two grand cru vineyards in this appellation.

A

Chambolle-Musigny

91
Q

What is the only grand cru site in Vougeot?

A

Clos de Vougeot

92
Q

What are the Grand Crus of Vosne-Romanee?

A
  1. Echezeaux
  2. Grands-Echezeaux
  3. La Grande Rue
  4. Richebourg
  5. La Romanee
  6. Romanee-Conti
  7. Romanee-Saint-Vivant
  8. La Tache
93
Q

La Tache is a monopole grand cru vineyard of what producer?

A

Domaine de la Romanee-Conti

94
Q

Comte Liger-Belair has a monopole of this grand cru site.

A

La Romanee

95
Q

What two grand cru sites of Corton produce white wine?

A

Corton-Charlemagne and Charlemagne

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