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Euro AP Test > Italian Renaissance > Flashcards

Italian Renaissance Flashcards

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0
Q

Notes on the Renaissance

A
  • occurred first inItaly around 1300 and lasted until the mid 16th century
  • considered the beginning of modern European history
  • word means a rebirth or blast from the past
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1
Q

when did the Renaissance occur

A

1300-1600

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2
Q

what is quattrocento

A
  • cultural and artistic events of 15th century Italy are collectively referred to as the Quattrocento
  • basically refers to the height of the Renaissance in Europe
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3
Q

Italian city states notes

A
  • economic powers that had significant power and could impact the state itself
  • competition meant that Italy did not unify politically
  • balance of power among states- weaker states would ally with others so that one state would not dominate the peninsula
  • competition led to a better economy, better arts, and innovation
  • political disunity led to their downfall at the hands of Spanish and French forces
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4
Q

Republic of Florence (which included Genoa)

A
  • place where the Renaissance began
  • Medici banking family controlled the city state
  • built on swamp, instead of roads canals
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5
Q

Duchy of Milan

A
  • one of the most powerful city-states
  • Ruled by Sforza family
  • Sworn enemies of Florence, and big enemy of Venice
  • Peace of Lodi- created a relative 40 year period of peace among the Italian city-states
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6
Q

Rome, the Papal States

A
  • Ruled by the Pope, longest lasting city state

- Controlled much of Italy indirectly because of its religious and political powers

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7
Q

Venice, Genoa, Pisa (in the Republic of Florence)

A

used their strategic locations in the Mediterranean to control the European trade with the Middle East and Asia

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8
Q

Florence and to a lesser extent, Rome, Naples and Milan ….

A

thrived as manufacturing and market centers

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9
Q

Italian city states spreading knowledge

A
  • being trading powers Italian city-states helped to spread ideas from different cultures around the world throughout Europe
  • city states shared Arab mathematics and technology, Asian ideas and products
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10
Q

Growth of a very general securalism

A
  • merchants and bankers new found wealth encouraged appreciation of earthly pleasures and diminished dedication to the pious traditions of the Middle Ages
  • belief that art was beautiful for art’s sake, replaced the notion that all art had to be religious
  • people began to believe that the world could be changed without the help of God
  • the rich nurtured secularism and the poor followed their lead
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11
Q

Medici family

A
  • most famous Renaissance dynasty

- controlled Florence, used immense power to govern and patronize arts

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12
Q

Giovanni de’ Medici

A
  • Merchant and banker of florence, founder of the dynasty

- molded the modern world

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13
Q

Cosimo de’ Medici

A
  • Son of Giovanni, used the family fortune to fill the vacuum of power created by the lack of a national monarchy
  • allied with other families, became the unofficial ruler of Florence
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14
Q

Lorenzo de’ Medici (Lorenzo the Magnificent)

A
  • Cosimo’s grandson, republics ruler and major patron of the arts
  • personified the Renaissance attitude of living life rather than waiting for death
  • he recognized the genius around him
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15
Q

Leonardo da Vinci

A
  • Personified the Renaissance man
  • Painter, sculptor, architect, engineer, writer, and scientist
  • Mona Lisa and Last Supper
16
Q

Michelangelo Buonarroti

A
  • Primarily a sculptor
  • Pieta, Moses, David, and his paintings over the Sistine Chapel
  • He glorified God by depicting the beauty of his earthly creations
17
Q

Petrarch

A
  • (1304-1374)
  • Considered the first “modern” writer, first to write in a novel
  • Wrote sonnets in Italian, and other works in Latin,
  • is considered the father of modern humanism,
  • First to use and implement textual analysis
18
Q

Boccaccio

A
  • (1313-1375)
  • Contemporary to Petrarch, and a Florentine as well
  • most famous work was the Decameron
19
Q

Baldassare Castiglione and The Book of the Courtier

A
  • (1478-1529), book written 1528
  • handbook on how gentlemen should act, he described the perfect Renaissance gentleman
  • basically a book on manners
20
Q

Notes on Nicolo Machiavelli

A
  • (1469-15270
  • Wrote the Prince, the first ever political science work
  • felt the need to write the Medicis a handbook on how to rule, watched and noted the rule of Cesare borgia
21
Q

The Prince

A
  • (1513)
  • handbook on how to rule, felt it was better to be feared than loved
  • believed rulers should be fierce like a lion and cunning with a fox
  • was an observation of how governments actually rule without moral judgement
  • the ends justify the means, machiavelli discovered that successful governments acted in their own political interests, truthfully or deceitful,
  • religion ceased to influence governments, guide of survival to separate the city states from the powers of the north
22
Q

Notes on Humanism

A
  • literary movement that dealt with issues of politics and personal concern outside the realm of religion
  • strong belief in individualism and the great potential of human beings
  • revival of the great works of the ancient Greeks and Romans
23
Q

Civic Humanism

A

idea that education should prepare leaders to be active in political life

24
Q

individualism

A
  • glorified humans and their achievements, felt humans could achieve things without God
  • aimed for a life of activity
25
Q

Dante

A
  • Latin, Middle Ages poet
  • Divine Comedy - told Dante’s experience of going through hell, purgatory, and paradise
  • inspired Boccaccio and others
26
Q

School of Athens

A
  • By Raphael

- personified Renaissance thinking

27
Q

Leonardo Bruni

A

Wrote the first modern history

first to use the term humanism, most prominent among civic humanists

28
Q

Decameron

A
  • By Boccaccio, aimed to impart wisdom of human character
29
Q

pieta

A
  • Leonardo da Vinci
  • possibly one the greatest sculptures ever created
  • showed marry weeping and holding the limp body of a tortured Christ

Euro AP Test (7 decks)

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