IT Vocab PC 6

Question 1

User account, created when the OS is first installed, that is allowed complete, unfettered access to the system without restrictions

Answer 1

administrator account

Question 2

Application that sits directly in the flow of network traffic to enable stopping ongoing attacks

Answer 2

intrusion prevention system

Question 3

Complex binary file used to store configuration data about a particular Windows system

Answer 3

Registry

Question 4

Part of the motherboard chipset; handles all the inputs and outputs to the many devices in the PC

Answer 4

Southbridge

Question 5

ROM chip that stores the system BIOS

Answer 5

system ROM

Question 6

Describes storage that retwins data even if power is removed; typically refers to a ROM or flash ROM chip, but also could be applied to hard drives, optical media or other storage

Answer 6

nonvolatile

Question 7

set of wires going to the CPU, governed by the expansion bus crystal, directly connected to expansion slots of varying types

Answer 7

expansion bus

Question 8

ROM technology that can be electrically reprogrammed while still in the PC

Answer 8

Flash ROM

Question 9

Basic diagnostic routine completed by a system at the beginning of the boot process to make sure the display adapter and the system’s memory are installed; then searches for the operating system

Answer 9

power-on self test (POST)

Question 10

CMOS program enabling you to control the ATA security mode feature set

Answer 10

DriveLock

Question 11

Set of wires leading form the CPU to the memory controller chip that enables the CPU to address RAM

Answer 11

address bus

Question 12

Used to wake up the CPU after the power supply has tested for proper voltage

Answer 12

power good wire

Question 13

Connectors on the motherboard that enables users to add optional components to a system

Answer 13

expansion slots

Question 14

Memory that can be access at random; memory that you can write to or read from without touching the preceding address

Answer 14

RAM

Question 15

A hardware platform for the acceleration of cryptographic functions and the secure storage of associated information

Answer 15

Trusted Platform Module (TPM)

Question 16

To initiate an automatic routine that clears the memory, loads the operating system and prepares the computer for use

Answer 16

Boot

Question 17

Data-recording system using solid disks of magnetic material turning at high speeds to store and retrieve programs and data in a computer

Answer 17

hard drives

Question 18

The type of nonvolatile RAM that held information about the most basic parts of your PC, such as hard drives, floppies, and amount of DRAM

Answer 18

complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS)

Question 19

Software routines burned onto the system ROM of a PC or any software that directly controls a particular piece of hardware

Answer 19

BIOS

Question 20

Electronic chips, specially designed to work together, that handle all of the low-level functions of a PC

Answer 20

chipset

Question 21

Container that identifies a user to an application, operating system, or network

Answer 21

User account

Question 22

UEFI feature that secures the boot process by requiring properly signed software. This includes boot software and software that supports specific, essential components

Answer 22

Secure Boot

Question 23

Embedded programs or code stored on a ROM chip. Generally OS-independent allowing devices to operate in a wide variety of circumstances without direct OS support

Answer 23

firmware

Question 24

Utility that enables techs to examine and configure all hardware and drivers in a Windows PC

Answer 24

Device Manager

Question 25

Application that inspects packets, looking for active intrusions, functions inside the network, looking for threats a firewall might miss

Answer 25

intrusion detection system

Question 26

Unique code corresponding to each key on the keyboard, sent from the keyboard controller to the CPU

Answer 26

scan code