IT Vocab 2 Flashcards
The most common type of long-term storage that uses thick magnetic disks encased in a protective housing to store data.
Hard Disk Drive (HDD)
The top-level folder, or directory, of a file system
Drive
The process of converting information so it cannot be understood without decrypting it using a key, especially to prevent unauthorized access
Encryption
The way a file is organized. File formats are indicated by an extension such as .jpg, .gif, .png, .mp3, .wav, .wma, .mp4, .avi, and .wmv
File format
The use of user and file attributes that control which users can read, write, move, or delete each file
File Permissions
A storage device that uses light instead of magnetism to store information. This includes CD-ROM, DVD, and Blu-ray devices
Optical drive
The process of dividing a single physical disk into multiple logical drives called volumes
Partitioning
Type of memory that implements tiers of solid-state flash memory stacked on top of each other allowing for much greater storage capacity at a lower cost than 2D flash memory.
3D Flash Memory
A connector used to connect a computer to a wired network
Registered Jack 45 (RJ-45) connector
Synthetically produced artificial DNA that is capable of storing vasts amounts of information and maybe a solution to long-term massive storage
Synthesized DNA strands
An HDD that can be connected as a peripheral to a computer
External Hard Disk drive
Type of drive that allows bits of data to become smaller and more tightly packed together while still retaining data. It uses a tiny laser to briefly heat the recording surface of the hard drive to write the data making it more receptive to the effects of magnetism, which allow writing on much smaller areas than were possible before
Heat-Assisted Magnetic recording
Reencoding a file to consume less storage space
Compression
The process of tracking changes to a file so that a file can be repaired or restored in case of file corruption or data loss
Journaling
A compact, portable storage device that uses special memory chips to store data.
Flash storage
The smallest container within a computer’s storage system is used to store information such as data, settings, and commands used in a computer program. A file is the smallest container that can be copied, deleted, or moved within a file system.
File
An interface primarily used on Apple computers that typically connects a monitor to a computer and can also provide DC power
Thunderbolt
The methods and structures that an operating system uses to organize files on a storage device like a hard drive. File systems often use directory structures to keep track of files
File system
A camera component that sits between the lens and the sensor, allowing light to enter for a short time
Camera shutter
A camera component that focuses the light that enters it into a point. Behind that point, the light spreads out again, eventually creating an upside-down image of the light that entered
Camera lens
When parts of a single file, program, or application are stored in different areas of a physical disk
Fragmentation
A communication technology that uses light waves to transmit information through the air
Infared
A device with a similar capacity to an HDD that uses flash storage instead of magnetic disks to store data
Solid State Devices (SSD)
A utility in which all fragmented files on a drive are found and reconsolidated into the same physical location on the disk
Defragmentation
A short-range wireless communication technology used to connect peripherals such as wireless headphones, speakers, keyboards, mice, smart watches, printers, and game controllers, to a computer, including smartphones
Bluetooth
An uncommon interface used to connect peripherals such as digital cameras and external hard drives to a computer
FireWire
