IT Vocab 2

Question 1

The most common type of long-term storage that uses thick magnetic disks encased in a protective housing to store data.

Answer 1

Hard Disk Drive (HDD)

Question 2

The top-level folder, or directory, of a file system

Answer 2

Drive

Question 3

The process of converting information so it cannot be understood without decrypting it using a key, especially to prevent unauthorized access

Answer 3

Encryption

Question 4

The way a file is organized. File formats are indicated by an extension such as .jpg, .gif, .png, .mp3, .wav, .wma, .mp4, .avi, and .wmv

Answer 4

File format

Question 5

The use of user and file attributes that control which users can read, write, move, or delete each file

Answer 5

File Permissions

Question 6

A storage device that uses light instead of magnetism to store information. This includes CD-ROM, DVD, and Blu-ray devices

Answer 6

Optical drive

Question 7

The process of dividing a single physical disk into multiple logical drives called volumes

Answer 7

Partitioning

Question 8

Type of memory that implements tiers of solid-state flash memory stacked on top of each other allowing for much greater storage capacity at a lower cost than 2D flash memory.

Answer 8

3D Flash Memory

Question 9

A connector used to connect a computer to a wired network

Answer 9

Registered Jack 45 (RJ-45) connector

Question 10

Synthetically produced artificial DNA that is capable of storing vasts amounts of information and maybe a solution to long-term massive storage

Answer 10

Synthesized DNA strands

Question 11

An HDD that can be connected as a peripheral to a computer

Answer 11

External Hard Disk drive

Question 12

Type of drive that allows bits of data to become smaller and more tightly packed together while still retaining data. It uses a tiny laser to briefly heat the recording surface of the hard drive to write the data making it more receptive to the effects of magnetism, which allow writing on much smaller areas than were possible before

Answer 12

Heat-Assisted Magnetic recording

Question 13

Reencoding a file to consume less storage space

Answer 13

Compression

Question 14

The process of tracking changes to a file so that a file can be repaired or restored in case of file corruption or data loss

Answer 14

Journaling

Question 15

A compact, portable storage device that uses special memory chips to store data.

Answer 15

Flash storage

Question 16

The smallest container within a computer’s storage system is used to store information such as data, settings, and commands used in a computer program. A file is the smallest container that can be copied, deleted, or moved within a file system.

Answer 16

File

Question 17

An interface primarily used on Apple computers that typically connects a monitor to a computer and can also provide DC power

Answer 17

Thunderbolt

Question 18

The methods and structures that an operating system uses to organize files on a storage device like a hard drive. File systems often use directory structures to keep track of files

Answer 18

File system

Question 19

A camera component that sits between the lens and the sensor, allowing light to enter for a short time

Answer 19

Camera shutter

Question 20

A camera component that focuses the light that enters it into a point. Behind that point, the light spreads out again, eventually creating an upside-down image of the light that entered

Answer 20

Camera lens

Question 21

When parts of a single file, program, or application are stored in different areas of a physical disk

Answer 21

Fragmentation

Question 22

A communication technology that uses light waves to transmit information through the air

Answer 22

Infared

Question 23

A device with a similar capacity to an HDD that uses flash storage instead of magnetic disks to store data

Answer 23

Solid State Devices (SSD)

Question 24

A utility in which all fragmented files on a drive are found and reconsolidated into the same physical location on the disk

Answer 24

Defragmentation

Question 25

A short-range wireless communication technology used to connect peripherals such as wireless headphones, speakers, keyboards, mice, smart watches, printers, and game controllers, to a computer, including smartphones

Answer 25

Bluetooth

Question 26

An uncommon interface used to connect peripherals such as digital cameras and external hard drives to a computer

Answer 26

FireWire