Issues test Flashcards
Sentencing disparity
Unequal treatment
Section 718
clarifies how sentences should be decided and delivered
Probation
Most common disposition imposed in adult criminal court cases
Absolute discharge
Not a criminal conviction in law. No criminal record
Conditional discharge
that the court found you guilty, but you don’t get a criminal record.
Fines
Any person convicted of an offence can receive a fine; EXCEPT: if the offence has a minimum term of incarceration
Restitution
Financial compensation for any loss to the victim.
Conditional Sentence
Commonly referred to as “house arrest”. Remain in the jurisdiction.
Imprisonment
Offenders freedom taken away, most severe form of sentencing available to a judge.
Concurrent sentence
when all sentences are served at the same time
Concurrent sentence
when all sentences are served at the same time
Consecutive sentence
means each sentence imposed follows one another
Long-Term Offender (LTO) Designation
sentence of imprisonment of at least 2 years, followed by a period of supervision in the community not exceeding 10 years
Dangerous Offender Designation
Designation to protect Canadians from offenders who have been identified as violent or chronic sex offenders, an example is Paul Bernardo
Aggravating Circumstances
more severe, In cases of assaults where the victims were family members, the court will see this as an aggravating circumstance - The offender was in a position of trust & authority over the victim - The offender used force or a weapon - The victim was a youth or a vulnerable person, such as a senior citizen or someone with a developmental disorder
Mitigating circumstances
Less severe, offender may be in court for the first time, has school, work, etc. The accused was intoxicated or has a history of addiction - The accused is Aboriginal - The accused is a senior with a short life expectancy because of a chronic or terminal illness
THE CORRECTIONAL TREATMENT PLAN
a rehabilitative strategy that follows the offender through the institutional and community phases of supervision
Risk-Need-Responsivity Model (RNR)
The risk principle states that offender recidivism can be reduced if the level of treatment services are provided
Under a long-term supervision order, an individual may be supervised for up to ______ years following the custodial sentence.
10
The fastest growing segment of the prison population are:
Older offenders
Over time, the Aboriginal presence in prisons is expected to
Increase
Federally, if a transgendered inmate is pre-operative, they will
be assigned an institution consistent with their birth sex.
True
Bleach kits (to clean needles), condoms are not available in Canadian Federal Institutions.
False
Needle exchanges are common in Canadian prisons.
False
