ISSUES AND DEBATES

Question 1

What are the 4 debates

Answer 1

• Free-will and Determinism
• Holism vs Reductionism
• Idiograhpic vs Nomethitic

Question 2

What are the 3 types of Determinism

Answer 2

• Biological
• Environmental
• Psychic

Question 3

Whats a limitation of the free will determinism debate

Answer 3

-impossible to test. E.g., non-physical phenomenon I’s difficult to quantify and measure=untill a suitable measure of free will becomes available it cannot be studied using controlled scientific methods

Question 4

What is a strength of the free will determinism debate

Answer 4

determinism is consistent within the aims of science. E.g., predictions can be made and tested which has led to practical applications. T.S.T determinism has lent itself to scientific study and development

Question 5

What is nativism

Answer 5

Agrees with nature side of debate

Question 6

What is empiricism

Answer 6

Agrees with nurture side of debate

Question 7

What is heredity

Answer 7

Being inherited

Question 8

What 3 studies can you use for determining behaviour

Answer 8

• Twin Studies
• The QTL method
• The heritability equation

Question 9

What is a limitations of The Nature nurture debate

Answer 9

Assessing influence of nature and nurture is difficult. E.g., Twin sudies is probelmatic due to the assumption that the difference between MZ and DZ twins is their genetic similarity. T.S.T difference in concordence rates could be due to nurture not nature= lack internal validity.

Question 10

What is a Strength of The Nature nurture debate

Answer 10

Research on relatitive heritabillity of characteristics varies with research. E.g., sample size, results may be affected by wether some people are influenced by environmental factors.

Question 11

What is Holism

Answer 11

Argument should be looked as whole.

Question 12

What is reductionism

Answer 12

When a single explanation or cause is suggested.

Question 13

What are the 2 Types of reductionism

Answer 13

• Biological

- Environmental

Question 14

Whats a Strength Of Holism Vs Reductionist debate

Answer 14

Bioloigical reductionism can help develop useful therapies e.g. drug treatment. E.g., They do ultimately allow many suffers to then access other therapy too such as CBT. =Has led to useful pratical Applications.

Question 15

What is a weakness Of Holism Vs Reductionist debate

Answer 15

likelihood of behaviour having a purely biological cause is low. E.g., The complexity involved in every human behaviour means that a purely reductionist explanations. T.S.T A more comprehensive explanation would be an interactionist considering numerous influence on behaviour.

Question 16

What is Idographic

Answer 16

When an explanation considers the individual and argues that generalising from person to person is difficult because of their uniquess.

Question 17

What is Nomothetic

Answer 17

Idea That people Can be regarded as groups and theoiries therefore explanations are generalistions

Question 18

According To Radford & Kirby what are the 3 different types of law

Answer 18

• Classification
• Establishing Principles
• Establishing Dimensions

Question 19

What is a Strength of The Idiograhpic Vs Nomothetic

Answer 19

Argument in favour if the use of nomothetic approach. E.g., Research studies tend to be conducted under controlled conditions using data. These methods have enabled psychologists to establish the norms of typical behaviour.

Question 20

What is a Limitation of The Idiograhpic Vs Nomothetic

Answer 20

Nomothetic Approach has accused of loosing the whole person. E.g.,, There is a 1% lifetime risk of developing SCH due to nomotheic Research= Overlook the richness of human experience.