Issues 1.6 Flashcards
Ethical Issue
Issues referring to what is morally right or wrong, not legally
Key points in Ethical Issues
-losing/changing jobs
-Efficiency: robots work 24/7.
-Access to IT is not equal (digital divide).
-Invasion of privacy.
-Responsibility for content on the internet.
Cultural Issues
how a group of people with particular ideas, beliefs, behaviours are affected
Key points for cultural issues
-Censorship to prevent political unrest and preserve culture.
-Geography & economy of a country affects access to networks and power.
-Increased mobile technology impacts on how people communicate: cyberbullying.
-Social pressure to keep up
Legal Issues
what is right and wrong in the eyes of the law
Key points for legal Issues
-Copyright and ownership of digital content
-different laws in different countries (crime may be committed in a certain country, but the people committing the crime could be physically located in another)
-hacking, piracy
environmental issues
how the natural world in impacted
Key points for environmental Issues
-Manufacturing computers uses fossil fuels.
-Limited number of natural resources.
-Data centres use 2% of global energy.
-Computers contain hazardous materials, often shipped to other countries for disposal.
privacy issues
how personal and sensitive data is protected from misuse or unauthorised access
Key points for privacy issues
-Increase in always on, voice activated devices in the home
-Rise in CCTV
-Rise in social networking and GPS tracking
-Rise in face recognition
stakeholder
someone with an interest in a business
internet censorship
when someone tries t control what other people can access on the internet
computer surveillance
the act of monitoring what people are accessing on the internet
why do countries use internet cencorship
-to protect children from inappropriate websites
-to restrict access to websites which are critical of the government
why do countries use computer surveillance
to look out for phrases that might alert them of illegal activities like terrorism
how to governments carry out computer surveillance
-government intelligence agencies monitor internet traffic and look out for key phrases or words
-ISPs may keep records of all websites visited by all its customers for a certain amount of time
open source software
-software where the source code is freely available
-users can legally modify source code and create their own spin-off software and be shared (under same licence and terms as original software)
advantages of open source software
-free
-software can be adapted to fit a user’s needs
-can be more creative and innovative due to wider pool of collaborators
-issues with popular software are quickly solved by the community
disadvantages of open source software
-can be limited support (warranty, user documentation, customer support)
-small projects may not get regular updates and can be buggy or unpatched security holes
proprietary software
-software that is copyrighted, and only the compiled code is released
-users cannot modify, copy or redistribute the software
-usually paid for
advantages of proprietary software
-comes with support (warranty, user documentation, customer support)
-will be tested and reliable (regular updates and fixes)
-features that extend the software’s facilities can be available
disadvantages of proprietary software
-can be expensive
-cannot be adapted to fit the user’s needs, as it cannot be edited
-companies may not maintain older software after warranty expires
Data Protection Act 2018
Data should be:
1. processed for the purpose clearly stated
2. relevant and not excessive
3. accurate and up-to-sate
4. kept only for as long as necessary
5. secure
6. held in countries only agreed by the ICO (information commissioner’s office)
Computer Misuse Act of 1990
It is illegal to:
1. gain unauthorised access to data stored on a computer
2. access data on a computer in order to commit further criminal activity
3. unauthorised modification of computer material
