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Computer Science > 1.6 New > Flashcards

1.6 New Flashcards

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1
Q

issues that technology has

A

-legal issues
-ethical issues
-cultural issues
-environmental issues
-privacy issues

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2
Q

legal issue

A

a problem or dispute concerning the interpretation, application or violation of laws

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3
Q

examples of legal issues

A

-copyright
-cybersecurity
-data protection

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4
Q

ethical issue

A

-a situation that raises questions about what is right and wrong
-calls in a persons own morals and values as there is often a lack of an easy answer and decisions can have consequences for yourself and others

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5
Q

examples of ethical issues

A

-digital divide
-algorithmic bias
-intellectual property
-automation

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6
Q

digital divide

A

-inequality between those who have access to technology and those who do not
-created by increasing reliance on computers

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7
Q

algorithmic bias

A

-using algorithms in decision-making can unintentionally promote unfair biases, leading to discriminatory outcomes

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8
Q

who does algorithmic biases affect

A

-job seekers
-loans
-criminal justice

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9
Q

intellectual property

A

-ease of digital copying and distribution raises ethical questions about protecting intellectual property
-digital piracy can lead to significant revenue lost for creators

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10
Q

automation

A

automation of tasks through computers raises ethical concerns about job losses and the potential loss of livelihood for workers

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11
Q

cultural issues

A

an issues that relates to the impact of technology on the nature and culture of society

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12
Q

advances in technology that have changed the way people lead their lives

A

-online shopping
-on-demand streaming
-navigation
-gaming
-social media
-remote working

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13
Q

examples of cultural issues in computing

A

-digital divide
-landscape of employment
-cencorship

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14
Q

digital divide examples (cultural issue)

A

-access limited by geography
-cost
-lack of education in technology limits employment
-confidence to use new technologies(older generations)

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15
Q

landscape of employment

A

the advancement of technology has changed the way people work(from home)

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16
Q

positive cultural impact of remote work

A

-work life balance
-global collaboration
-diversity and inclusion(no barriers from geography)

17
Q

negative impacts of remote work

A

-social isolation
-communication
-boundaries(no boundaries between work and personal time, leads to burnout of time mismanagement)

18
Q

cencorship

A

restricting access to online content based on different beliefs of what is acceptable or harmful can lead to social unrest
-preservers cultural identity and tradition but can stifle cultural expression and diversity

19
Q

environmental issues

A

-issue caused by manufacturing and use of computers that has a negative impact on the environment
-more manufacturing of technology as time goes on

20
Q

examples of environmental issues in computing

A

-natural resources
-energy consumption (increase in demand for 24/7 access to web servers and data centres)
-throw-away society(rapid disposal of devices, pollution as more devices are produced, distributed and disposed, and waste in landfill

21
Q

privacy issues in computing

A

an issues that comes from collecting, access or using personal information without consent or control

22
Q

examples of privacy issues in computing

A

-face recognition (who is watching and what else is being watched)
-GPS (where is the data kept, who has access to it and is it being used for any other purposes)
-internet monitoring by social media companies on content, and by companies and schools (concerns about free speech, potential abuse by authorities controlling monitoring systems and biased algorithms leading to censorship and privacy issues)

23
Q

data protection act

A

law that protects personal data from being misused

24
Q

-principles of the data protection act

A
  1. personal data must be fairly and lawfully processed
  2. personal data must be collected for specified and lawful purposes
  3. personal data must be adequate, relevant and not excessive
  4. personal data must be kept accurate and up to date
  5. personal data will not be kept for longer than is necessary
  6. personal data must be processed in line with people’s rights
25
Q

when are people exempt from the data protection act

A

-domestic purposes
-law enforcement
-intelligence service processing

26
Q

computer misuse act

A

concerns the malicious use of computers
-created to make sure that computer hacking was covered within the law

27
Q

offences under the computer misuse act

A
  1. unauthorised access to a computer materials
  2. unauthorised access with intent
  3. unauthorised modification of computer files
28
Q

copyright and patents act

A

-protects the intellectual property of an individual ort a company
-makes it illegal to copy, modify or distribute software or other intellectual property without the relevant permission
-copyright automatically applied to work for 25-70 years after death of the creator, depending on the type of work
-creator has to take action if they have been copied

29
Q

primary breaches under copyright, designs and patent act

A

Copying an original work

Issuing the copy of the original work to the public

Renting/lending the copy of the original work to the public

Performing, showing or playing the original work in public

Making an adaptation of the original work

30
Q

Secondary breaches under copyright, designs and patent act

A

Importing a copy of original work

Possessing or dealing with a copy of the original work

Providing means to make copies of the original work

Permitting the use of premises for making copies of the original work

Provision of props/equipment for a performance of a copy of the original work

31
Q

software licence

A

a legal agreement that lays out rules for how software can and cannot be used

32
Q

features of open source software

A

-access to source code
-usually free
-may be able to edit and distribute

33
Q

features of proprietary software

A

-costs money
-produced by ‘professional’ companies
-more regular official updates

34
Q

advantages of open source

A

allows collaboration with other people who may want the same modifications
-less buggy versions of the software may appear faster
-usually free, good for companies with limited budgets
-generally strong social support

35
Q

disadvantages of open source

A

-relies on support of other users
-to edit the code, knowledge is needed
-may not receive regular updates
-could be open to exploitation through users adding malicious code

36
Q

advantages of proprietary software

A

-generally free customer support
-created to professional standards
-reliable?

37
Q

disadvantages of proprietary software

A

-cost can be big
-limited expansion
-relies on one company
-may not fully meet the need of the customer

Computer Science (12 decks)

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