Isomers Flashcards

1
Q

What are structural isomers

A

Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulae

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2
Q

What are chain isomers

A

They have different chains of carbon atoms(eg branched or unbranched)

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3
Q

What are position isomers

A

They have different positions of the same functional group

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4
Q

What are functional group isomers

A

They have different functional groups (eg an alcohol instead of an ester or propanone and propanal)

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5
Q

Can molecules rotate freely around a double carbon bond and what does this lead to

A

No they cannot so this leads to type of stereoisomerism called cis-trans isomerism

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6
Q

What is a cis-trans isomer

A

Isomers differ in their arrangement of the groups attached to the carbons in the double bonds

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7
Q

What are stereoisomers

A

They have the same structural formula but different arrangements of atoms/groups in space with each carbon having two different substituent groups

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8
Q

What are E/Z isomers

A

Have different special arrangements of the priority groups about a double carbon bond

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9
Q

What is a cis isomer

A

One in which two of the same groups both lie either above or below the double carbon bond

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10
Q

What is a trans isomer

A

When the two same groups lie on opposite sides of the double bond

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11
Q

What does Z mean

A

The priority groups both on same side of double bond, zame zide

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12
Q

What does E mean

A

Priority groups on either side of the double bond with one below and one above

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13
Q

How to assign priority to identify whether E/Z

A

-find first point of difference in the atomic number of the two groups bonded to one of the carbon atoms
-the one with the higher atomic number at the first point of difference is given priority

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14
Q

Difference between E/Z and cis trans isomerism

A

Cis trans is arrangement of the same groups while E/Z is arrangement of priority groups

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