Islamic beliefs Flashcards
Tawid
Muslims believe that there is one God, Allah. Monotheism.
Allah can not be divided into parts, has no parents or children. Allah has always exised and always will. One complete and powerful God for all time
Tawid is the centeral part of the Shahadah
“i bear witness that there is no gid but Allah and Muhammed (pbub) is the messanger of God”
(oness of Allah)
(there is none like unto him)
What does shirk mean?
(Tawid)
Shirk is the worst sin in Islam, it means denying Tawid and believing in something else is important as Allah. This could include believing in polytheism, buy also lettng something else take Allah’s role such as pride or money
Al Qadr
Beliving Allah knows everthing that has happened, is happening and will happen
Allah already knows everthing that will happen in each of our lives and where we will go on Judgement day. It is already written on Allahs preserved tablet
(Predestination)
Why shouldn’t muslims get angry when bad things happen
Becuse it is Allahs plan for us
However muslims believe Allah will never give anyone too much suffering
“Allah will not burden a soul beyond what it can bear”
Free will
Muslims believe in free will and have different ways of explaining how Allah can predestine everything,
but at the same time humans can be making their own choice
Malaikah
Angels are the messangers of allah. Ther werecreated from light and created before humans.
There purpose was to worship Allah
Sunnis believe they have no freewill. They prayto and worship Allah, some help Mulims in times of need
(Angels)
Israfil
Archangel
Blows the trumpet to signal the day of Judgement
Jibril
Angel of revelation
Brings messages from Allah to the prophets
Spoke to Mohammed and mariam (Mary) and all the prophets
Told the prophets the 5 kutub (holy books)
Mika’il
Angels of mercy, keeps the devil out of heaven, protects worshipers
Brings rain and supply other things we need
Raqib and Atid
Raqib records good deeds
Atid records bad deeds
Akhirah
Muslims believe who has ever lived will be resurrected on the day judgement. Untill then, when people die, their souls wait in the grave.
We will have to cross a bridge over hells fire
Angels record each induividuals deeds and intentions (niyyah) which decides whether we pass into Jannah (paradise) of fall into Jahamnam (hell) from the bridge
(afterlife)
What is this dunya?
This dunya (earthly life) is a test to see which souls are fit for Jahhnah.
Akhirah should be more significant in a muslim’s thoughts than dunya. The Prophet taught that
“dunya is like a drop of water and akhira is the ocean”
Risalah
Muslims believe that Allah is compassionate and wants to guide humans to the right path, so Allah has always sent messages to humanity
Muslims tranition says there may have been 124,000
Prophets recive their messages through angels, sometimes they were they were commanded to write them into kutub
Allah has given has given the same messgage but it was lost, disstorted everytime
So Allah selected Mohammed as the final prophet
so there is no need for further revelation
(seal of prophets)
“prophethood”
How many prophets are mentioned in the Quran?
25 prophets are mentioned
What does believing in risalah mean?
Having faith in all the prophets and listening to thier message, although is most surely known today through the Prohet Mphammed (pbub)
Kutub
Muslims believe that Allah sent messages to humans in the form of Holy books, they believe that these books were perfect at time they were sent
Sahifah (scrolls)
Holy book
Given to Abraham/Ibrahim
One of the earliest knowns scrolls of Ibrahim and Moses - some parts are quoted in the Quran
It is now lost
“He has not been told what was written in the Scripture of Moses and Abr
Tawat (torah)
It was given to Moses / musa
Contains many good teachings and laws, but was only meant for Jewish people and and a limited time
* This contains stories of the prophets like Adam, Noah, Abraham and Moses
It is corrupted
(translated, bits added, bits taken away)
“we revealed the Torah with guidence and light” - surah 5
Zabur (psalms)
It was given to David/dawud
It contained 150 psalms, songs of worship to God
It has been corrupted
To David we gave the book surah
Injil (Gospel)
It was given to Isa/jesus
Original Gospel taught by Isa
Corrupted
(translated, several different versions, bits added and bits taken awau)
“We sent Jesus son of Mary.. we gave him gosepel” surah
Qu’ran
Given to Muhammed (pbuh)
Final testament of all times, all people and all places and sent by God
Purpose of the Quran
Closeness to Allah
Moral guidence
Domestic life
Discerning Shariah
Role models
Intellectual development
Prayer and worship
Justice of Allah
(Adalah)
Shia belief
Allah is good : completely fair and totally just. Allah will always treat His creation with perfect justice
The arabic word for adl (which is the root of Adalah) means perfect balance, morally, spiritally, intellectually
What do shia’s think about justice
Its important view and they should alway remeber this when they remeber Allah or when someone is considering how they want to act and live
Shi’as say Allah would never go against Adalah-justice is Allahs nature, and can only do fair, good and wise things.
What are sunni veiws on Adalah?
Sunni believe in it but it just isn’t in their 6 Articles of Faith
Some say that it limits Gods power as he can do whatever he likes, even if it does not seem good to us
Imamate
Shi’a and sunni agree that Muhammed was the final Prophet of Islam. However the Quran states
“Allah intends to make the household of the prophet pure and sinless”
Shia intrepret this to mean that Allah wanted to continue guideing humanity through the family of the Prophet
What are Imans?
Imamate
Leaders after Muhammed were called Imams.
Shias believe that Allah give them the vision to lead the people and perfectctly interpret the Quran and sunnah. So they should be honoured and are a source of authority
Who are the Twelvers ?
Some shias are called twelvers, they believe that Allah sent 12 Imans through Muhammed’s family tree. Sadly 11 of them were murdered. The 12th was not murdered, but Allah is hiding him on earth in order to lead humanity in the last days before the day of Judgement
This Iman is hiding called Mahadi
What was the purpose of the prophets?
Provided a method of communication between God and humans; they are (intermediaries)
Leaders and guides for communities
When humans forgot, misunderstood or changed Gods message he sent prophets to guide up back on the right path
How many prophets?
The quran says that Allah sent a prophet to every community so it is suggested that there have been around 120000 and 25 are mentioned in the quran
Facts about Adam
Rihsalah
First man and the first prophet
Allah made his body from 7 different types of clay and breatherd life into him
Was tempted by shaytan to disobey Allah which got him thrown out of Paradise
Built the first Kaabah which was destroyed
Facts about Dawud
Allah chose him to be the king (khalifah) and was a millitary leader
Worshiped Allah through prayer and fasting
Zabur (The Psalms) was revealed upon him which contains songs and peoms about Allah
He was a rasool
Facts about Musa
Rescued the Jewish community who were monotheists from Egypt
Through him Allah perforemed miracles such as dividing the red sea so Jews could escape Egypt
Asked Allah to reduce the prayers to 5
Recived the 10 commandments
The torah (tawrat) was revealed upon him
Facts about Isa
He will return in the end of time to defeat Al-Dajal and lead people to Islam
Was not crucified because Allah saved him and brought him to paradise
The angel Gibril announced his birth mother was Mary who was a vigin
He performed miacles such as rising people from the dead and created birds out of clay
Inji (the Gospel) was revealed upon him
Facts about Ibrahim
Built the ‘kaabah again with his son Ismail
Rejected polytheism to follow monotheism (his peers tried to burn him but he didnt burn - miracle)
Allah asked him to scarafice his oldest son, Ismail, so he took hmi up a mountain to kill him this shows his obediencce to Allah. The last minute allah stopped him and killed a goat instead (eid al adha)
The scroll of Ibrahim were revealed upon him
What does the Qur’an say about Prophet Muhammed?
He is merciful
He is compassionate
He is the messanger of Allah
He is like a lamp that gives light
He is the seal of all prophets
He is morally excelent
Azrael
Angel of death - He parts the body from the soul and carries believers to heaven
Why are angels important?
They make us aware of Gods Greatness and mercy
What do sunni and shia believe differently about angels?
Most sunni uslims believe that angels don’t have free will, so they are totally obedient to God.
Many shia believe that angels do have a limited amount of free will, but no desire to sin.
Munkar and nakir
Question souls in the grave
Maa’lik
(angel)
Guards and rules over hell Jahannem
