Islam - Sayyid Qutb Flashcards
1
Q
Pre Intro (mini Bio)
A
- Qutb (1906 – 1966) born in Egypt
- Qutb is responsible for a focus on the Quran as a literary text that calls Muslims to act for social justice; Muslims are obliged to work towards helping others, a necessity in submission to Allah
- His works (Milestones) came about after/during his imprisonment + torture. His ideas, still centred in Tawhid became much more radicalised. He interpreted already established concepts of Jahiliyyah and jihad to justify a more aggressive, physical response to what he saw as an attack on Islam by the west (the UK, USA etc.). He was a Salafist and believed that an Islamic revolution was required, made up of holy/pious Muslims who would fight to eradicate Jahiliyyah (a vanguard)
2
Q
Intro
A
- Mention Tawhid
- Believed in a great reward for adherents who submit to Allah in the afterlife (Akhira) shown in the quote “he will see an atom’s weight of good, he will see an atom’s weight of bad” (Quran 42:16)
- Through “In the Shade of the Quran” (1952) Qutb brings a new aspect of Islam in “sacred justice” that true justice comes from God’s will “individuals should praise Allah in actions and words of the greater good”
- Qutb vacillated between optimism and pessimism in reconciling the Islam ideology with western Ideology
3
Q
Body 1: Salafism
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- Belief that Islam was in its “golden age” under the leadership of Muhammad and the Four Rightly Guided Caliphs.
- Nizam Jahi (false Muslim)
- Nizam Islami (true Muslim)
- Sharia (the path to Allah)
- Salafism promoted by Qutb contributed to the Iranian revolution as well as extremist groups such as the Taliban
- Qutb’s views reflect the Al Fatiha line “The path of those who Thou has favoured, not the path of those who earn Thine anger” which justifies how Qutb viewed the west and his aim of Hakimiyyah.
- Qutb argued that Muslims who resulted to Jahiliyah should be excommunicated (Takfir)
- Wanted to create a world-wide Islamic utopia
- This idea of Jahiliyah influenced Al-Qaeda which was further influenced by Qutb’s brother who taught Osama Bin Laden
- Muslims brotherhood which attempted to overthrow the Egyptian government at the time, they still exist and even achieved power in Egypt briefly in 2012
4
Q
Vanguard
A
- Qutb called for a group of holy/pious Muslims who would lead the Islamic revolution, destroying jahiliyyah and re-establishing a caliphate on Earth.
- ‘In the Shade of the Qur’an’ (1952) “There shall be no compulsion in religion. The right way is henceforth distinct from error.” Which actually advocates for freedom of belief this is a direct contrast to his later works
- “Milestones” (1964) is the most radical of Qutbs works and calls for a vanguard, advocating for use of physical force to rid society of Jahiliyah “A Vanguard to turn against ‘false’ Muslims and ‘hypocrites’ and do as Muhammad has done”
- This idea of a vanguard heavily impacted Islamic fundamentalists including the Muslims brotherhood which attempted to overthrow the Egyptian government at the time, they still exist and even achieved power in Egypt briefly in 2012
5
Q
Conclusion
A
MAKE IT TA FUCK UP
