Islam - practices Flashcards
What are the 5 pillars of islam?
- Shahadah; declaration of faith
- Salah; five daily prayers
- Zakah; giving of wealth as a tax to the needy/poor
- Sawm; fasting during month of Ramadan
- Hajj; pilgrimage
What are the 10 obligatory acts (Shi’a Islam) (Furu’al-din)?
- Shahadah
- Salah
- Sawm
- Hajj
- Khums; annual tax of 20 percent of savings
- Amr-bil-maroof; commanding what is right
- Nahi Anil Numkar; forbidding what is wrong
- Tawalla; expressing love towards good
- Tabarra; hatred towards evil
- Jihad; struggle to live the way God wants
What is the Shahadah (+Quote)?
The Shahadah is a declaration of faith
“There is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is his messenger” (kalimat al-tawhid)
What are the implications of the Shahadah?
- The Shahadah embodies Muslim beliefs in Tawhid (the oneness of Allah), and the monotheistic nature of Islam
- Allah is worthy of worship; he alone is God, supreme over all things
-reminds us Allah chose the prophets to reveal himself to us - it is a way of professing your faith; first and last words
- words must be accompanies with understanding of their meaning
- professed till death, sin of apostasy - abandoning it.
What is Salah (+ Quote on Jumma prayer)?
Salah is the ritual Muslim prayer, practiced 5 times a day.
“O believers! When the call is made for prayer on Friday, hurry towards the remembrance of Allah!”
What are the implications and purpose of Salah?
- Salah was the first duty given by Allah
- 99 Names of Allah “The hearer”; praying is direct communication with God
- Allah listens and responds to what we say
- offering Salah; seeking to gain Allah’s favour
Praying in congregation at mosque > praying alone.
What are the differences in Sunni and Shi’a Islam towards Salah?
- Shi’a Muslims are allowed to join Zhur and Asr prayer, as well as Maghrib and Isha, so it appears they pray x3 daily
- Shi’a Muslims only prostrate and rest their heads of natural materials in Salah
(backed up by pbuh Muhammad; his prayer mat was natural fibres)
Describe the call to prayer.
- The adhan is made by the mu’addhin in Arabic, while facing the qibla in direction of Makkah
- In Muslims countries, they climb a minaret (tall tower)
- The 2nd call to prayer is the iqamah, letting worshipers know prayer is beginning
What is Wudu (+ Quote)?
- Ritual washing before Salah prayer; symbolic action to reinforce the niyyah.
“Allah loves those who turn to him and care for cleanliness”
What is Niyyah?
Niyyah is the intention to worship Allah with a pure heart.
Describe the action of Wudu.
1) Wash Hands x3
2) Rinse Mouth x3
3) Wash Nose out x3
4) Wash face x3
5) Wash arms including elbows x3 (RH first)
6) run hands over top of your head and clean ears x3
7) wash both feet x3 (RF first)
What is supplication? (+ Quote)
Du’a (supplication) is a private prayer where a Muslims brings their personal concerns to Allah (e.g. thanksgiving, requests, forgiveness etc.)
“Indeed I am near.” “I respond… when he calls upon me”
“we are closer to him than his jugular vein”
What are implications carried with supplication?
- Du’a’ is when Muslims seek Allah’s guidance
- Showing faith in Allah’s closeness and immanence
- different from structure form of Salah, demonstrating further dependence upon Allah
What are prayer beads? What is the argument about them?
Prayer beads are bands containing 33 or 99 beads. They are typically used to recite the 99 names of Allah, or repeat “subhanallah” “alhamdulillah” “allahuakbar” 33 times each.
- Prophet Muhammad didn’t, so some people say you shouldn’t
- it isn’t natural, and is adding things onto prayer
what is Zakah?
obligatory Almsgiving, in which Sunni Muslims give 2.5% of their wealth above nisab to the local mosque or as a tax money, to be used to help the poor.
What is Nisab?
The minimum value of someone’s net worth. If their net worth is below it, they cannot give Zakah (are exempt).
What are the implications of Zakah?
- Zakah means purification; purification of a person heart of greed
- We will be accountable to Allah on D of J, so we should be honest in giving
- all wealth provided by Allah, so we should share our wealth
- receiving Zakah should feel like a blessing
What is Sadaqah? (+ Quotes)
Sadaqah is further voluntary donations, with no limits or guidelines.
- charity extends beyond money
“every act of goodness is charity” “save yourself from hellfire … with charity”
What is Khums?
The Shi’a equivalent of Zakah
- 20 % of a person’s annual wealth giving in donations to religious leaders
- Khums was given to Muhammad’s successors and the Imams
- Money that was for Khums and not giving is stolen money and haram
What is sawm, and the exemptions
sawm is fasting in the month of ramadan, going w opithout food in daylight hours
- fasting has been prescribed for you’
- sick people , pregnat, periods
night of power
final ten days of ramandan, during thos time, muhammad first recieved 1st ten pages of the quran. focus on worship, follows muhammads example of going to mosque. tawareeh prayers
what is ihram?
a state of holiness, mulsims must be in to go on hajj.
wash their bodies, wudu, specila clothing where everyone is the same
what the places in hajj
1 Kaaba - circle around kaaba 7 times anti clockwise to be closer to allah
2 Sa’y x running between safa and marwa
3 Plane on Arafat plead for forgiveness
4 Mina - stoning of iblis
what is id ul adha?
eid ul ghadeer
shia festival to celebrate the day peopeht muhammad delivered last sermon
ashura
progpets grandosm died in abttle hussayn’s death
lesser jihad
battle
- opponent must have started fighting
- last resort
- no innocent lices lost
