Islam beliefs and teachings Flashcards
tawhid
oneness and unity of god
origin of Islam
gradually revealed to humanity through various prophets over many centuries
diffeence between sunni and shi’a
Sunni= nominated Abu Bakr as their leader, after Muahmmad dies Sunnah needed
Shi’a= Ali named to be Muhammad’s successor,the imam needs to be descendent from Muhammad and each gett to choose the successor
5 roots of usul ad-din
for shi’a
tawhid prophethood the justice of God resurrection the imamate
six articles of faith
beliefs in god angels books messangers day of judgement god's predestination
qualities of God
immanent transcendent beneficent merciful fair and just
how is god immanent and transcedent
imm=controlls everything, within universe and compassionate towards people
tran=creator and can’t b limited by physical world
names of allah and purpose
99 names help describe a quality of god
what does islam mean and suggest
surrender, obediance, submission
to achieve peace you need to obey god’s will
what do angels do
bring the words of God to prophets as they are pure
characteristics of Angels
not supernatural created from light, don’t have free will and sinless, endlessly worship ASllah
different types of angels
guardians, of death, escort people to heaven or hell, record every thought and actions taken
angel jibril
trusted messenger of God, revealed Qur’an to Muhammad
him and Mikhail purifies Muhammad’s soul when he was a child and returned to him later and told him what god wanted him to do
Mika’il
angel of mercy,
brought nourishment to humans
what is predestination
idea that God knows or determines everything that will happen in universe
presestination beliefs
sunni believes he has written the future in a “book of decrees”. he can determinate everything because of the power of huis will
this gives less importance to human freedom and more on God’s omnniscience
akhirah
new stage of life after death
what is barzakh
phase of waiting muslims enter after death until day of judgement
when will day of judgement occur
when God’s purpose for the universe has been fulfilled
what will happen in the day of judgement
angel israefil will blow his trumpet to announce world will be destroyed and it will transform in a new one.
he will blow it again and everyone will be resurrected and judged
how do you know if you go to hell or not
if they receive the book of their life in the right hand they go to heaven and opposite
what is heaven
gardens of happines, reward for faith and good deeds
what is hell
place of fired,punishemnt for who rejected God
importance in belief of life after death
inside six articles of faith and five roots …
makes believers more careful and it makes people do the right thing
what is prophethood
when god makes someone a prophet to communicate his messager
what are prophets to peole and some examples
model to follow
adam, ibrahim, muhammad, musa , isa
life of adam
father of humanity, first man, he received knowledge and passed it on to rest of humanity
how di temptation arrive
iblis thrown out of paradise as he he didn’t bow in sign of respect to Adam and he tempts human to sin against God
he deceived adam and eve into eating the fruit from the tree which was forbidden
they brought sin into the world and humans would be judged
ibrahim
fulfilled all the command given by God
he atop idol worship by destroy all the statues in a temple leaving only the biggest with an axe around this statue
people asked what happened he said to ask to the idol, they said that idols could not speak and replied by saying why the worshipped a statue that cannot speak.
people wanted him to burn but a miracle occurred and he walked put.
people began to follow God
ka’aba
small building, house of God, holiest place in Islam
Ibrahim rebuilt it as it was destroyed
muhammad first vision
in the cave Jibril appeared to him
last revelation of Muhammad
by god
how did he create the Qur’an
combine revelations received in 20 years
muhammad’s preaching
began 3 years after his first revelation to preach God’s words
how did Muhammad begin preaching
proclaimed God is one and the only acceptable way to live, challenged people so stop drinking gambling and idol worship
persecution of Muhammad
he had to fled persecution to Medinah (hijrah)
islamic calendar starts from this date
what is the night journey
Jibril took Muhammad to jerusalem where he ascended into heaven and spoke to prophets and saw signs of God
was told that people should pray 5 times a day
what do Muhammad do in Medinah
united tribes and marched on Mekkah and conquered the city in the name of God
who is Abu bakr
first caliph that sunni elected after Muhammad
who is Ali
fist Imam , shi’a muslims believe muhammad named his cousin and he appointed him Ali by divine instruction and that leadership should follow family line
what do Imams do
not only rule justily but maintein and interpret Qur’an
guide people telling them how to live
what is the Qur’an
word of God , contains the foundation of every believers’ faith
other holy books
torah
Sunnah
psalms
gospel
pillars
shahadah sarah sawm zakah hajj
what do pillars do
support main principles of Islam
help to give muslims identity as one community and enable them to show their obedience and dedication to God
what is the 10 obligatory acts
10 duties that Shi’a Muslims follow , include five pillars except shahadah
shahadah
one of the daily prayers
provides the foundation for other 4 pillars , main belief of Islam
@There is no God but Allah, and muhammad is the prophet of Allah”
salah
prayer in islam five times a day for sunni
3 for shia combine midday and afternoon and sunset and night
how do muslims prepare to
spiritually clean, ritual washing called wudu
people follow instruction in the Qur’an
why is waging important before praying
allows muslims to be fully focused onGod
why do they face mekkay in prayers
so they are physically and mentally associated with God
what is Jumah prayer
midday prayer of friday
male muslims must attend mosque not a rest day
importance of praying
greater awareness of God motivates them i to do God’s Will
unites muslims
some actions like bowing and prostration remind that God is greater
sawm
ramadan
ninth month
month where muhammad began to receive revelations
who do muslims do in ramadan
give up food and drink , smoking and sexual activity in daylight hours
who can be excused from fast
children under 12 pregnant and old people
what should muslims avoid in ramadan
avoid all evil thoughts and deeds
reasons for Ramadan
spiritually stronger
empathy for the poor
giving thanks for the Qur’an
obey god and self discipline
what does ramadan lead to
inspires many muslims to find ways to help poor
like inviting poor to share meal at sunset
many muslims pay zakat during Ramadan
iftar
muslims break their fast
what is the night of power
name to night when Jibril appeared to Muhammad first time
what do muslim try to do in night of power
stay awake and pray and study Que’an
celebrated during Ramadan
time of thanksgiving for the Que’an
what is hajj
pilgrimage for religious reason
how does hajj work
starts end ends in Mekkah, takes place in the fast month
story of hajj
Ibrahim was told by God to build a shrine dedicated to him and call people to perform hajj there
significance of hajj
teaches sincerity and humility in people’s relationships with God
can lead to a deep spiritual transformation that makes a Muslim a better person
produces inner peace
shows self-discipline
focuses on equality and unity
can lead to forgiveness
ihram
Ihram relates to the state of purity and equality before God (Allah) which Muslims enter before going on Hajj
what is zakah
act of charity
significance of Zakah
teaches self-discipline
helps Muslim to feel connected with community and Allah
what is khums
furthe practice of Zakah in shia islam , 20 % of excess earning are to give up
sadaqah
muslims are encouraged to donate charity any time in the year
Greater Jihad
personal inward struggle of all Muslims to live in line with the teachings of their faith
brings people closer to God
must observe five pillars and must devote their lives to God by avoiding temptations
Jihad
mental and physical struggle against evil
important spiritual practice that bring muslim closer to god
eid-ul-fitr
festival for break of the fast
they celebrate the strenght that halp that God has given them throughout Hajj
celebrate by saying special prayers where Imam reminds them on the importance of nfortgiviness, and help the pooir
id ul adha
festival of sacrifice
honours Ibrahim who was willing to sacrifice his son in God’s command
beginbs with prayers and sermon about sacrifice
animals are slaghtered to remember
ashura
shia and it celebrates the martyrdom of Muhammad’s grandson
