Islam Flashcards
Mecca
Muhammad born
pray towards mecca
Medina
Muhammad buried
two kinds of muslims
Sunnhi
Shia
geographics
Indonesia largest
200 million
20-30% in the middle east
ISLAM
=Submission
ISLAM - SLM
=peace submitting to god, reflection of peace
AsalaMu-alaykum
Abrahamic connections
Accepts the jewish and christian prophets
Abraham
the father of monotheism
lineage through
ischmael abrahams son
Beliefs of Jesus
Jesus is a prophet and a messia, not the son of god. Jesus asend to heaven but was not crucified.
believe in the virgin birth
Universialism and proselytizing
akin to christianity
for everybody
easy to convert
Judaism
import of practice
Judaism - kosher and halal
legalistic practicebased
christianity
what we believe. creedle orthodox
islam accepts
the torah and new testament
but not all the laws (judaism) and not all the theology (christianity)
Surah
chapter
Al-Ikhlas
pure faith
not allowed to have pictures
Islam
surrender submit to god
how many muslims?
1.7 billion
Allah
the god, monotheism
gods oneness essential
Muhammad
the final prophet, sealed the prophets
M refers to a person
Muslim - someone who submits to god
Shahada
faith not practice based
I bear witness - shahada
Two sources
- Qur’an the text of god prays five times
2. Hadith/Sunna - the word of Muhammad - the report practice
3 main groups
Sunni (majority) and shiite and sufi
mystics in islam, more about getting close to god than practice
The cube in mecca
Ka’aba
circle around 7 times
the axis mundi
The hajj
once a year, 5th pillar, travel to the ka’aba
the ka’aba
center of the world built by Abraham and ishmael
5 daily prayers, white dress
equality of all, sacrifice of abraham
economic resource
360 idols
circle= perfect
places in order
- mecca
- medina
- jerusalem
Preislamic Arabia
Henotheism-polytheism, paganism
Jews- crucial, ritual, fast not eat pork
Christians- confirms mohammed status as a prophet he understood the christian world
zoroastrians
Iran- Muhammad respected these groups
heaven and hell
Hanits
pure monotheists
Cultural practices
Tribal - war leader, elder, judge, seer, poet
Belief -based on the present not afterlife
protection by the tribe
Law of retribution and warfare
female infanticide
chaos and ignorance
-Muhammad preach against
Muhammad and the reform
-born in 570 CE in Mecca
Mecca
greed usury and crecelty
freeing a lot of slaves
-stories of his birth (his mother his father)
Muhammad child
Mother had a dream - give birth to a great man
father was seduced because he had a light in his eyes
Muhammad was orphaned
aware of the injustance of being orphaned
Muhammads upbringing
by his uncle Abu Talib and his cousin ALi takes him in and protects him
Ali first male to convert to Islam.
Alis should have taken over after Muhammad
The monk Bahira
christian monk christians understood that he was a great prophet
Muhammah merchant
life as a merchant His wife Khadija married for 25 years ages 25 and 50 model for muslim women, strong woman model for a marriage (perfect) Khadija first woman to convert to islam
Muhammad
revelation and his early messeage
Religious and cultrual reform
his followers - spend time getting followers in Mecca
40 hade the element of perfection
Escape to Medina
622 CE
THE migration/ HIJRA (AH) There is only one god
Medina
established the first muslim community
city medina of the prophet
Muhammad equal
Muhammad is the best among equals victory in Mecca - 630 CE goes in the Ka'aba and destroys all the idols =monotheistic everybody had amnesty
Muhammads death
632 CE ALI ABU Bakr
the issue of succetion
shiites and sunnis
Muhammad as an examplar
Hadith
reports of what muhammad said and did
hadith 2 parts
- Isnad- chain of transmission
2. Matn - the report
The hadith of Gabriel
5 pillars
first represented
chain of transmission (isnad) zayn told bla bla
The five pillars
- bearing witness THe SHAHADAH
- prayer 5 times a day facing mecca SALAT
- Alms tax (charity) ZAKAT
- fasting during ramadan purifying SAWM
id al-Fitr (marks the end of ramadan - Pilgrimige HAJJ -if one is able to
community and the individual
a man of the age of 40
is ready to recieve god
Angel Gabriel
a great force/pain on his chest
Recite 3x the verses of the angel traumatic process
-comforted by Khadija
-He is not a medicin a crazy poet or seer
The Qur’an
Recitation 114 chapters
goes from the shortest to the longest
Surah = chapter AL-Alaq: chapter 96
The clot
in the name of Allah , the beneficient, the murcifull
arabic makes it a sacred text
Surah Al-Fatina
the opening
reflect upon the qur’an
from the prophet muhammad until today
the qur’an is the miracle of islam
Revelead to muhammad in 610CE through the angel Gabriel
koranen experienced attributes
orally recited
written
language specific arabic
memorized
a point of connections for muslims
to god allah
to the prophet muhammad
to each other
