Christianity Flashcards
Map
- Jerusalem
- Constantinophel
- Rome
- US
- Germany
Subdivisions
Catholics - 1.25 billion
Protestant - 800 million
eastern orthodox - 275 million
other - 250 million
Palestian/Israel
baptised in the river Jordan
Torah
old testament
Demographics number of christians
2.2 billion - 31,5% of world population
Christianity
Began 2000 years ago in palestine
-Jesus of nazareth is the christ
Messiah and the son of god
crucified
The messiah
- Anointed one (king)
- Savior
- Line of David
- Deliverer (Palestian Jesus and Roman oppression)
A new vision of Monotheism
The doctrine of the trinity 1 essence 3 persons
the father, son and holy spirit.
A new vision of the torah
Law
Torah old testament
Original sin: all humanity is inheretly separated from God, and thus there is a sinfulness to human nature
- Garden of Eden
- Abraham’s sacrifice of Isaac
- Shavoust - the pentacost (the day that made Jesus aware of the holy spirit.
Passover, the last supper
As a proof text for Jesus coming - Sacrificed for the sins of all
New testament
written after jesus death
by his followers
during the first century: not cannonized until the 4th century
Four gospels ( good words ) about the birth, life, teaching, acts, death and resurrection of Jesus
Synoptic: Mark, Mathew, Luke
John- Divinity (logos - revelation of God in Human form )
Scriptural Sources
The Christian Bible
- The book of Acts of the apostles - earliest history of the developing church
- Epistels (letters) of Paul and other evangelists adressed to the churces they founded and led throughout the Mediterrean
-The Book of Revelation – a vision of the future, the
ultimate destiny of mankind, the culmination of
God’s plan for humanity
Who was Jesus?
Born, bred, lived, and died a Jew in first
century Roman occupied Palestine
Around age 30, took on a mission of
preaching & teaching
Had a following of 12 primary disciples
Seen as a political threat by Roman and
Jewish authorities, is put to death through
crucifixion (a Roman punishment)
What do “Christians” believe
about Jesus?
Virgin Birth by his Mother Mary - Messianic
expectation to be“King of the Jews”
The “Son of God” – Both Divine and Human
The savior of humanity – saving humankind
from sin through his sacrifice on the cross
Risen from the dead (resurrection)“on the
third day”
Ascended into heaven
To return at the“end of days” to judge the
living and the dead
The Nicene Creed
We believe in one God, the Father, the Almighty,
maker of heaven and earth, of all that is seen and unseen.
We believe in one Lord, Jesus Christ, the only Son of God,
eternally begotten of the Father,
God from God, Light from Light, true God from true God,
begotten, not made, one in Being with the Father.
Through him all things were made.
For us and for our salvation he came down from heaven:
by the power of the Holy Spirit
he was born of the Virgin Mary, and became man.
For our sake he was crucified under Pontius Pilate;
he suffered, died, and was buried
On the third day he rose again in fulfillment of the scriptures;
he ascended into heaven and is seated at the right hand of the Father.
He will come again in glory to judge the living and the dead,
and his kingdom will have no end.
We believe in the Holy Spirit, the Lord, the giver of life,
who proceeds from the Father [and from the Son]
History of Christianity
313 – Constantine – Religious Freedom for Christians
325 – Council of Nicaea (God & Son are the same substance)
1054 – The Great Schism (Eastern vs. Western Churches)
Specifics:
In 380 under Theodosius, becomes the State Religion
Council of Constantinople (381 BCE) - Nicene Creed Confirmed
1000 – Conversion of Russia to Greek Orthodoxy
Crusades – 1095-1272 (Free Jerusalem from Muslim Rule)
What Is Christiani
The Reformation & Counter Reformation
Renaissance (Printing & Literacy, 14th-17th
Centuries)
Gutenberg Bible (1454)
Martin Luther’s 95 Theses (1517)
Authority rests with scripture not the pope
Faith not Acts
No to Church Corruption
No to the practice of Indulgences
The Counter Reformation (First Vatican Council)
Religion & Reason
Enlightenment (“Age of Reason,” 18th Century) &
the Critique of Religion
“You will notice that in all disputes between Christians
since the birth of the Church, Rome has always
favored the doctrine which most completely
subjugated the human mind and annihilated
reason.” [Voltaire]
“All good Christians glory in the folly of the Cross.
Nothing can be more contrary to religion and the
clergy than reason and common sense.”[Voltaire,
Philosophical Dictionary, 1764]
The Great awakening
Evangelicalism
Roots in the “Great Awakening,” a revival of religious fervor that swept through England and North America
in 1700s. encourages the preaching and sharing of the gospel. It also emphasizes the need for every
Christian to have a conversion experience, often described as being “born again.”
Fundamentalism 1900s Reaction to Liberal Theology 7 Academic Study of the Bible.
Defended…
(1) the literal inerrancy of the Bible,
(2) the divinity and virgin birth of Christ,
(3) Christ’s atonement for human sin on the cross,
(4) the bodily resurrection of Christ, and
(5) the imminent Second Coming of Christ
Pentecostalism
Conversion must be followed by a “baptism in the Spirit”
Speak in dance or weep
The most popular form of Protestantism in Latin America
Rapidly gaining converts in Africa and Asia
Second Vatican Council 1962-1965
Christianity as a Global Religion
Universal Message
Missionary Religion
Relationship to colonialism
Relationship to The Study of Religion
the book of john focuses
on his divinity
. This Apostle was the first Pope (head of the Catholic Church) and is the
beginning of the apostolic line of succession for Catholics:
Peter
In 313 CE this Roman Emperor, who converted to Christianity, decreed
religious freedom for Christians, which in effect ended the persecution of
Christians in the Roman Empire.
Constantine
This man’s original name was Saul, he converted to Christianity after having
a vision of Jesus, and much of the Book of Acts and the Epistles are written
about him.
Paul
Name the creed confirmed during the Council of Constantinople in 381 CE. It
solidified the Christian understanding of the three-part nature of god
Nicene
- This event in the life of Jesus was probably a Passover Seder (Passover Meal):
The last supper passover
The “Great Schism” in 1054 CE was the split between these two Churches:
Eastern and Western
These military campaigns occurred between 1095-1272 CE and were the
Pope’s call to free Jerusalem from Muslim Rule
Crusades
The printing press and movable type were crucial to the change brought on
by the Renaissance. One of the first things to be printed using the printing
press was this bible in 1454:
Gutenberg bible
Martin Luther
In the early 16th century this man nailed his 95 Theses to the door of a church
and argued that authority rests with scripture not the Pope. His thought is
also crucial to the Protestant Reformation:
