Islam

Question 1

Eucharist

Answer 1

Bread and wine ceremony

Question 2

Council of Trent

Answer 2

Church that countered Protestant reformation. Was the head of the Catholic Church before the first Vatican council

Question 3

Ignatius of Loyola

Answer 3

Founder of the Jesuits missionaries. An important force during the counter reformation. Wrote spiritual exercises, and is a saint

Question 4

Great awakening

Answer 4

Evangelical Protestant movement by the American colonies. Idea of salvation was spread at this time

Question 5

Pietism

Answer 5

Lutheran movement that stressed piety and religious devotion to god

Question 6

Methodism

Answer 6

Follows assurance of salvation, imparted righteousness, perfect love, and works of piety. Rejects Calvinism and says all can be saved. Charitable

Question 7

Enlightenment

Answer 7

Started French Revolution. Ended Middle Ages, scientific revolution

Question 8

John Locke

Answer 8

Father of liberalism, helped inspire Declaration of Independence. Mind is a blank slate at birth. Egalitarian mindset starts

Question 9

First Vatican council

Answer 9

Made in response to rising liberalism. First time setting up shop in Vatican. Define Catholicisms position on the church of Christ. And powers of bishops

Question 10

Vatican 2

Answer 10

Relationship between church and the modern world. Created by John XXII, (the Holy See). Changes have been divisive

Question 11

Mecca

Answer 11

Birth place of Mohammad and site of the first relavation of the Quran

Question 12

Quraysh

Answer 12

Tribe Mohammad was born into

Question 13

Kaaba

Answer 13

Most sacred mosque in Islam. House of god. Takes haji to it

Question 14

Khadija

Answer 14

First wife and follower of Mohammad. Mother of all the believers

Question 15

Medina

Answer 15

Hijra from Mecca until it was conquered 622-629

Question 16

Four caliphs

Answer 16

Rightly formed caliphs are abu baker, umar, uthman, and ‘ali.

Question 17

Abu Bakr

Answer 17

First Muslim outside Mohammad’s family. Was his father in law. First caliph after Mohammad died. Ruled Rashidun Caliphate

Question 18

Umar

Answer 18

Second caliph. Expanded empire and conquered Persia. Stopped Jew and Christian bans.

Question 19

Uthman

Answer 19

Expanded empire into Iran, third caliph

Question 20

Ali

Answer 20

Final Caliph. Ruled during first Muslim civil war. Followed tough Islamic law

Question 21

Fiqh

Answer 21

Deep understanding of law Sharia from interpretation of Quran

Question 22

Sharia

Answer 22

The Devine law, (uninterpreted unlike fiqh) from the Quran and Hadith

Question 23

Damascus

Answer 23

City of Damascus capitol of Umayyad empire

Question 24

Abbasaids

Answer 24

Caliphate from Mohammad’s youngest uncle. Founded city of Baghdad. Conquered Persia, but relied on the beaucrats.

Question 25

Mu’tazila

Answer 25

Denied status of the Quran, tried to solve the problem of evil

Question 26

Al-Ghazali

Answer 26

Most influential Muslim after Mohammad. Renewed faith, based teachings off of Hellenistic philosophy. Combine orthodox theory and Sufism

Question 27

Sufism

Answer 27

Mysitism islam. Strides towards perfection in prayer. Practice includes repeating the name of gods. Stems from sunnis

Question 28

Rabi’ah

Answer 28

Founder of Sufism in regards to women’s status. Love of god for a holy life. Girl

Question 29

Al-hallaj

Answer 29

Said I am truth. Refused to recant and was tortured. Impressed sufis

Question 30

Rumi

Answer 30

Poet, scholar, and Sufi mystic. Culture spread via his poems

Question 31

Ottomans

Answer 31

Became Islamic after Constantine’s conquest. Sultan claimed caliph. Followed Sunni Islam

Question 32

Mughals

Answer 32

Indian Islamic empire

Question 33

Whhabism

Answer 33

Strict form of Islam that does a literal interpretation of the Quran. Ultraconservative

Question 34

Islamic modernism

Answer 34

Created by Abduh. Attempt for Islam to reconsider and change to western values, like equality

Question 35

Muslim brotherhood

Answer 35

Sunni Islamist organization that wishes to instate the quran. Considered to be a terrorist organization

Question 36

Iranian revolution

Answer 36

Overthrow of western regime with anti western theocracy