Islam 1 ~ Core Beliefs Flashcards
What is the name of the call to prayer?
Adhan
What is the name of the devil?
Shayton
What is the Arabic term for the Night of Power?
Laylat-ul-Qadr
What’s the definition of Islam?
The way of peace through submission
What’s the name of the meal with dates and a drink that the prophet broke the fast with?
Iftar
What’s the name for circling the Ka’bah 7 times in an anti-clockwise direction?
Tawaf
What’s the definition of fard?
Compulsory duties in Islam
Where was it that Muhammad received the first revelation?
Mount Hira
What’s the Arabic name for paradise?
Al-Janna
What’s the definition of Shahadah?
The declaration of faith, saying ‘There is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is his messenger’
What’s the name of the lesser pilgrimage?
Umrah
What’s the definition of Akirah?
Life after death
What’s the definition of Tawhid?
The belief in the oneness of Allah
What’s the name for the state of dress and mind on pilgrimage?
Ihram
What’s the Arabic word for hell?
Jahannam
What’s the name of the worldwide community of Islam?
The Ummah
What is Salah?
The compulsory (fard) prayers said 5 times a day
What’s the word for the minimum amount of wealth required below which you do not have to pay charity?
Nisab
What was the name of Muhammad’s wife?
Khadijah
What’s the Arabic word for the Day of Judgement?
Yawmuddhin
What is Zakah?
The third pillar, and belief that Muslims should give at least 2.5% of their income every year to those poorer than themselves
What’s the word for forgetting about Allah or putting other things before him?
Shirk
What’s the name of the well where Muslims drink on pilgrimage?
Zam zam
What’s the definition of a muslim?
A follower of the way of peace through submission
What’s the name for the migration of Muhammad and the Muslims from Makkah?
Hijrah
Where was the first place where Adam worshipped Allah?
The Ka’bah
Where did Adam and Eve pray for forgiveness?
Mount Mercy
During what festival did Muhammad receive the first revelation?
Ramadan
What’s Saum?
The compulsory fasting during the month of Ramadan
Who does not have to fast during Ramadan?
Sick people Old people Soldiers Travellers Menstruating women Pregnant women Breast feeding women
What must Muslims do if they purposely break the Ramadan fast?
Make a meal for 60 people or fast for an extra 60 days
What is Hajj?
The greater pilgrimage completed once in a lifetime if wealthy and healthy enough
When is Shahadah said? (‘There is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is his messenger’)
By the oldest male present into the right ear of a new born baby
When someone is dying or has just died
What are the preparations for Salah?
Wudu (ritual washing) Compass to find Ka'bah Prayer mat (optional) Respectful clothes (women's head, arms and legs covered)
Why is Salah done/important?
- Helps create closer relationship with Allah
- Helps not to commit shirk
- Shows obedience to Allah
- Increases chance of reaching al-Janna
- Strengthens the Ummah
Why is Zakah done / important?
- Shows obedience to Allah
- Helps purify greed and jealousy
- Strengthens the Ummah
- Shows Allah is Tawhid and all wealth belongs to him
When is the Salat-ul-Fajr done?
When the first light is seen as sunrise
When is Salat-ul-Zuhur done?
Midday
When is Salat-ul-Asr done?
Mid afternoon
When is Salat-ul-Maghrib done?
Sunset
When is Salat-ul-Isha done?
After dark
Where is Zakah donated to?
- Less fortunate Muslims
- Muslims in debt
- To teach others about Islam
- Muslim Aid organisations like Islamic Relief
- Muslim relatives in these categories
Why is Saum done / important?
- Shows obedience to Allah
- Allows Muslims to appreciate what Allah has given them
- Experience life of poor people
- Strengthens the Ummah
- Opportunity to pray and read the Qur’an more
- Develops self control and willpower
Why is Hajj done / important?
- Shows obedience to Allah
- Muslims feel closer to Allah and other prophets
- Strengthens the Ummah
- Develops willpower
- Sense of accomplishment
What is the word for running between the hills of Safa and Marwah on pilgrimage
Sa’y
What’s the name of the extra meal sometimes eaten before dawn on the long summer days of fasting?
Suhur
What’s the name of the month where Muslims go on Greater pilgrimage?
Dhul-Hijjah
Where were Muhammad and the Muslims invited to live?
Medinah
What are three Muslim beliefs about Allah?
- He has created everyone equally
- He is the one and only God
- He knows everything and nothing can be hidden from him
What is al-Janna described like?
A garden, and a state of joy, happiness and peace
What is Jahannam described as?
A place of torment, fires and black smoke
When was Muhammad born?
In 570CE in Makkah
What happened to Muhammad’s parents when he was young?
Father died before he was born
Mother died when he was 6
Who was Muhammad brought up by?
His grandfather (who died when he was 8) and then his uncle (Abu Talib)
What was the name of the rich widow Muhammad married?
Khadijah
What was Makkah like during Muhammad’s childhood?
- People worshipped idols and were polytheists
- Rich exploited the poor
- Women were badly treated
What’s the English name for Laylat-ul-Qadr?
The night of power
When did Laylat-ul-Qadr happen?
611CE when Muhammad was 41
What happened on Laylat-ul-Qadr?
- Muhammad was in a cave on Mount Hira
- Angel Jibril appeared with a silk cloth with Arabic letters on fire
- Angel said Iqra (recite) x3
- After, Muhammad feared it was the devil
- Khadijah believed him and she became the first to convert to Islam
- Khadijah’s cousin confirmed he was a message of Allah
What things did Muhammad teach the people?
- Allah is Tawhid
- Life is a test
- The importance of the Ummah
- People should be treated with dignity
- Everyone has responsibility for their actions
What emotions did Muhammad feel when he was preaching in Makkah?
Patience
Courage
Determination
Commitment
Why did Muhammad struggle preaching in Makkah?
- Many people didn’t want to give up their wealth and wicked ways
- He faced persecution and threats
What’s the English name for Laylat-ul-Mir’aj?
The night journey
What happened when Muhammad was 50?
He had a year of sorrow when Khadijah and his uncle died
What happened on Laylat-ul-Mir’aj?
- Muhammad slept near the Ka’bah
- Angel Jibril woke him and took him to Paradise on a winged horse
- He saw the 7 Heavens, Paradise and He’ll
- He met with earlier prophets
- Decided with Musa to pray 5 times a day
- Muhammad was in Allah’s presence
What happened on The Hijrah?
In 622CE Muhammad and his followers were invited by the people of Yathrib to go and live there
Where is Yathrib?
Later Medina
What did Muhammad teach the people in Medina?
- Regular fasting
- Wudu
- Praying
What did Muhammad build in Medina?
The first mosque
Why is Muhammad so special?
- Final prophet
- Established the religion as it is today
- Gave Muslims the Qur’an
- Established the Ummah
What happened on The Return to Makkah?
- 624CE Muhammad defeated Makkans
- 625CE Muhammad was defeated
- 627CE Treaty agreed
- 629CE Muhammad led the pilgrimage to Makkah and idols at the Ka’bah destroyed. Ka’bah cleansed
What is Jihad?
The personal struggle to follow Islamic teachings and Muhammad’s examples
What are some examples of greater jihad?
~ Eating hallal food
~ Donating 2.5% for zakah
~ Performing Salah 5 times a day
What are some examples of lesser jihad?
~ Using violence as a last resort
~ Spiritual leaders must declare a war
~ Effort should be made to ensure that women, children, the old and sick aren’t harmed
What was the Battle of Badr?
~ 624CE Muhammad faced an army of 1000 men with only 313.
~ Marched out of Medinah expecting to die
~ Camped at al-Badr determined to die for God
~ Makkan army fled and Muhammad won
What was the Battle of Uhud?
~ 625CE Makkans attacked Muslims at Mount Uhud
~ Muslims lost and wondered if Allah deserted them
~ 629CE Muhammad had a dream telling him to go unarmed on a pilgrimage
~ Muslims and Makkans agreed on a 10 year truce (Treaty of Hudaibiya) but a year later Makkans broke this
What happened in 630CE when Muhammad marched to Makkah?
~ With 10000 men
~ He circled the ka’bah, touched the ka’bah, called everyone to midday prayer
~ 11 people killed
~ Soon everyone in Makkah accepted the faith and became Muslim
Allah is immanent, what does this mean?
~ He knows your thoughts, fears and hopes
~ Nothing can be hidden from him
Allah is transcendent, what does this mean?
~ God is the creator of everything
~ He is beyond everything that he created and is beyond time
What are the implications of Tawhid?
~ Thinking God can be fooled
~ Ignorance of God’s supremacy
~ Complaining to God
When is the greater pilgrimage completed?
In the 12th month, Dhul-Hijjah
When is the lesser pilgrimage (umrah) completed?
Any time throughout the year
What is mahram or wakil?
A guardian that women need to go on hajj
What must Muslims do before going on hajj?
~ Pay off debts
~ Sort accommodation
~ Sort guide
~ Ensure women have a guardian (mahram/wakil)
Where is hajj a pilgrimage to?
Makkah
When did jihad begin?
In medi nah in the 2nd year of Hijrah
What was special about the message of Muhammad?
~ His words are believed to be the exact words of God
~ It gave Muslims the Qur’an which is God’s guidance on how to lead a good life
~ It was the final message God would give to people as Muhammad was the seal of the prophets
Why is the Shahadah important?
~ It’s the first pillar so it is the most important, and no pillars would make sense without it
~ It’s a Muslims declaration of faith “There is no God but Allah and Muhammad is his messenger”
~ It’s said at the most important stages in life (at birth and death)
“All five pillars are of equal importance in Islam”
+ All 5 form the basic structure of Islam to enable a Muslim to serve Allah
- Shahadah is more important because it is the first and the other pillars wouldn’t make sense without it
+ They’ve all been given by Allah and were followed by Muhammad. Neither of them declared that one pillar was more important
- Salah is more important as its done daily
What is the Sunnah?
Model practices, customs and traditions of Prophet Muhammad
What does Risalah mean?
The belief in the Prophets and message of Allah through the Angels, Prophets and the Qur’an
What does Tawhid mean?
Allah is the one and only God, there is nothing else like him, and he is above everything
What happens before Yawmuddhin?
People who have died wait in a place called Barzakh and they can’t come back to warn others. It will happen when the world ends.
What will happen on Yawmuddhin?
Your two angels will report everything to Allah and he will judge you on how well you have followed the way of Islam, and decide whether to send you to al-Janna or Jahannam.
What do Muslims do on the 1st day of Hajj?
~ Ihram
~ Tawaf
~ Sa’y
~ Camp overnight at Mina
What do Muslims do on the 2nd day of Hajj?
~ Pray at Mount Mercy from midday to dusk
~ Camp overnight at Muzdalifah
What do Muslims do on the 3rd day of Hajj?
~ Stone Shaytan
~ Id-ul-Adha
~ Heads shaved
~ Tawaf
Who is hafiz?
Someone who knows the whole Qur’an off by heart
Who was Hajar?
The wife of Prophet Ibrahim, and mother of the Prophet Isma’il
What does halal mean?
Any action or thing which is permitted or lawful
What does haram mean?
Any action or thing which is not permitted or is unlawful
What is a hijab?
The headscarf or modest dress worn by women who are required to cover everything except their face and hands in public
What was the Hijrah?
The emigration of Prophet Muhammad from Makkah to al-Madinah in 622CE
Where is Mount Hira?
Near Makkah on a mountain called al-Nur where Muhammad recieved the first revelation
What is the Iqamah?
The call to stand up for Salah
Who was Isa?
A prophet of Allah, Jesus
What is sadaqah?
Voluntary payment or good action for charitable purposes
What does Shari’ah mean?
Islamic law based upon the Qur’an and Sunnah
Explain the importance of a mosque
~ It’s a place away from everyday life where they can focus on Allah
~ The madrassah teaches the children about the religion which is important to help them understand
~ Unites the Ummah and creates a sense of equality and togetherness
What is Zakat-ul-Fitr?
A donation to the poor made at the end of Ramadan
Why do all Muslims wear white cloth on Hajj?
To show brotherhood and equality as they’re all dressed alike
Why mustn’t Muslims cut their hair or nails on Hajj?
So they don’t interfere with nature
Why mustn’t Muslims have sexual relations on Hajj?
Because they mustn’t be distracted
