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Anatomy- Pelvis and Perineum > Ischioanal fossa and External Genitalia > Flashcards

Ischioanal fossa and External Genitalia Flashcards

1
Q

Penis

A

Presents:

  1. Root of penis (superficical perinal space)
  2. Ligaments: Suspensory ligament and Fundiform ligament (closely attached to the anterior abdominal wall)
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2
Q

Body of the Penis

A

Corpora cavernosa

  • Dorsal structure of the penis
  • Surrounded bu the tunica albuginea (fibrous capsule)

Corpus spongiosum

  • Spongy urethra runs through the corpus spongionosum
  • Surrounded by tunica albugeinea
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3
Q

Deep fascia of the Penis

A

Is also known as Buck’s fascia

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4
Q

Glans of penis (distal)

A

Corona and neck

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5
Q

External urethral orifice

A

Distal portion of the penis

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6
Q

Prepuce (foreskin)

A

Protects the glans penis and is located at the frenulum

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7
Q

Arterial Supply of the male External Genitalia

A
  • Perineal artery (Superficaial): branch of the pudendal artery
  • Perineal artery presents the deep arteries (Helicine arteries) and dorsal arteries
  • Artery of the bulb, urethral (Superficial perineal space)
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8
Q

Venous supply of male external genitalia

A

Deep dorsal vein (drains to the prostatic plexus)

Superficial dorsal vein (drains to the external pudendal vein)

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9
Q

Lymphatic drainage of the Male external genitalia

A

Superficial inguinal lymph nodes

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10
Q

Nerves of the External Male Genitalia

A

Pudendal (S2-S4); main nerve of the perineum

Anterior and posterior perineal nerve

Dorsal nerve of the penis

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11
Q

External Genitalia Female

A

Mons pubis (more superficial); fatty subcutaneous tissue

Labia major

  • underneath the mons pubis
  • Has the pudendal cleft
  • Anterior and posterior commisure (two extreme points of the pudendal cleft)

Labia minora

  • erectile tissue
  • contains the frenulum

Clitoris

  • Glans
  • Prepuce
  • Frenulum

Vestibule of pudendal cleft

  • between the labia minor
  • will find the opening of the urethra (paraurethral glands)
  • Vagina
  • Hymen will cover those areas in younger women

Vestibular glands: lubricates the vestibule

  • Greater (Bartholin): Ducts open at vestibule (superfical perineal space)
  • Lesser: ducts open between the urethra and vagina
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12
Q

Arterial supply of female external genitalia

A

External pudendal artery

Internal pudendal artery

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13
Q

Venous supply of female external genitalia

A

Internal pudendal veins

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14
Q

Lymphatic draingage of External female genitalia

A

Superficial inguinal nodes

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15
Q

Nerves of the External female genitalia

A

Ilioinguinal nerve - anterior labial

Genitofemoral nerve - genital branch

Pudendal nerve - anterior and posterior perineal; dorsal of the clitoris

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16
Q

Boundaries of Ischioanal Fossa

A

Anterior : external urethral sphincter and deep transverse perineal muscle

Posterior : sacrotuberous ligament and gluteus maximus

Lateral : ischium and obturator internus muscle

Medial: anal canal

17
Q

Contents of ischioanal fossa

A

Fibrous tissue

Fat bodies

Pudendal canal

Pudendal vessels and nerves (runs through the pudendal canal)

Inferior rectal vessels and nerves

Nerve to obturator internus

Perforating branch of S2 and S3

Perineal branch (S4)

18
Q

Anal Canal

A

Distal portion og the GI system

Begins at the puborectalis muscle and ends at the anus

19
Q

External anal sphincter

A

Voluntary muscle

Inferior ⅔ anal canal

Presents deep, superficical, and subcutaneous bundle of muscular tissue

Innervated by the inferior rectal nerve (S4)

20
Q

Internal anal sphincter

A

Involuntary muscle

Covers the superior ⅔ anal canal

Thickening of circular muscle layer

Innervated by the parasympathetic splanchnic nerves

21
Q

Anal columns

A

Internal stucture of the anal canal

Located at the mose superior portion of the anal canal

Presents the anorectal line

22
Q

Arterial supply and venous supply of anal columns

A

Superior rectal arteries and veins

23
Q

Anal valves

A

Seen at the inferior end of the anal columns and presents glands and crypts that function to lubricate the anal canal during defecation

24
Q

Anal sinuses

A

Stores lubricating fluid

25
Q

Pectinate (dentate) line

A

Superior part (hindgut)

  • Irrigation: Superior rectal vessels (inferior mesenteric artery)
  • lymphatics: Internal iliac lymph nodes
  • innervation: inferior hypogastric plexus (autonomic); sensory and motor function

Inferior (protodeum)

  • irrigation: Middle and inferior rectal vessles (branches of pudendal arteries)
  • Lymphatics: superficial inguinal lymph nodes
  • Innervation: somactic sensory ; inferior rectal nerves (pudendal nerves)

Anatomy- Pelvis and Perineum (6 decks)

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