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govpol > Iran > Flashcards

Iran Flashcards

1
Q

Ali Khamenei

A

supreme leader 1989- now

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2
Q

Ali Khamenei

A

current supreme leader (1989)

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3
Q

Ashura

A

Shia religious holidays, commemorating the death of Hussein, grandson of Muhammad

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4
Q

Assembly of Experts

A

88 members (men Islamic scholars) elected for 8 years terms
main function is choosing the supreme leader

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5
Q

ayatollah

A

Shia title for scholars with highly advanced knowledge of Islamic law and religion

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6
Q

Basij (Peoples Militia)

A

formed after revolution as a grassrots civil defence forms
public morals police

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7
Q

bonyads

A

parastatal foundations made in part from assets nationalized after Iranian revolution

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8
Q

chief justice

A

head of judiciary, understanding of Sharia
appointed by supreme leader for 5years term

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9
Q

Expediency council

A

members appointed by supreme leader for 5years terms
mediates between the Majlis and the Guardian council legislature disputes

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10
Q

Farsi

A

language spoken in Iran (closer to european languages)

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11
Q

Guardian council

A

12 members for 6years terms:
6 lawyers nominated by chief of justice and approved by majlis
6 clerics specialized in religious law appointed by a supreme leader
power to review legislation from Majlis
vets candidates for office

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12
Q

Hassan Rouhani

A

president elected in 2013, reformist limited by conservative institutions

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13
Q

imams

A

descendants of prophet Muhammad considered by Shia to be true religious and political leaders of Islam

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14
Q

Iran-Iraq war

A

1980-1988, destructive and brutal war with use of chemical weapons, Khomeini died shortly after
started by Iraq

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15
Q

Islamic republic of Iran

A

violent birth, executions for revolutionary justice
postrevolutionary Iran

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16
Q

islamism (islamin fundamentalism)

A

transformation of faith into ideology

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17
Q

Koran

A

main spiritual text of Islam

18
Q

Mahdi

A

Shia term for hidden imam, descendant of Muhammed who will return to earth

19
Q

Mahmoud Ahmadinejad

A

president elected in 2005 for 2 terms (2013), increased conservatism

20
Q

Majlis

A

290 members over 30 years of age directly elected for 4 years terms
one seat for Zoroastrians, one seat for Jewish,
3 seats fro Christians

21
Q

Mohammad Khatami

A

president elected in 1997-2005, but his power was limited by religious conservatives

22
Q

Mohammad Mosaddeq

A

prime minister of Iran, deposed in 1953 by operation Ajax

23
Q

moharebeh

A

rebellion against god

24
Q

Muhammad

A

main prophet of Islam

25
Q

ostan

A

30 provinces

26
Q

Persia

A

name of Iran before 1935

27
Q

president

A

directly elected for 4years terms
control over state budget, cabinet of ministers, foreign policy
the head of government

28
Q

quietist

A

vision that wordly political power cannot be reunited with Islam until return of the Mahdi
rejecting of theocracy and direct role of religio n in state

29
Q

Ruhollah Khomenei

A

religious leader in Iranian revolution 1979
first supreme leader

30
Q

Second Khordad Front

A

reform party which won 189 majlis seats in 2000

31
Q

Shah Reza Pahlavi

A

monarch of iran, 1925-1941

32
Q

Sharia

A

religious law of Islam

33
Q

Shiism

A

minority form of Islam (10%), changes in its belief regarding the rightful heir of the prophet Muhammad

34
Q

Supreme court

A

clerics, men familiar with religious law

35
Q

supreme leader

A

most powerful office elected for life representing charismatic power and political ideology
control over arm forces, Guardian council, judical system, economic assets
appointed or removed by assembly of experts

36
Q

The revolutionary guard (Pasdaran)

A

paramilitary force from 1979 charged with defending the regime from domestic anf internal enemies
independent and direct player

37
Q

theocracy

A

religious elite dominates the regime

38
Q

ummah

A

community whose members were expected to act as unified group that embodied and served the revolution
refer to Islamic communities everywhere

39
Q

velayat-e faqih

A

clerical rule, system of government by a clergy trained in Islamic jurisprudence

40
Q

White revolution

A

1963-1979 by Mohammad Reza Pahlavi (Shah), reforms for modernization, led to riots and protests

41
Q

White revolution

A

policy of reforms enacted by Shah Reza to modernize and westernize Iran in 1963

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