IR week 5

Question 1

what mediates Type I hypersensitivity?

Answer 1

IgE

Question 2

What mediates Type II hypersensitivity?

Answer 2

IgG

Question 3

What mediates Type III hypersensitivity?

Answer 3

Immune Complex

Question 4

What mediates Type IV hypersensitivity?

Answer 4

Cell mediated

Question 5

Ag induces crosslinking of IgE bound to mast cells and basophils with release of vasoactive mediators

Answer 5

Type I hypersensitivity

Question 6

what type of hypersensitivity manifests with systemic anaphylaxis and localized anaphylaxis such as hay fever, asthma, hives, food allergies, eczema?

Answer 6

Type I hypersensitivity

Question 7

Ab directed against cell surface antigens mediates cell destruction via complement activation or ADCC

Answer 7

Type II hypersensitivity

Question 8

Ag-Ab complexes deposited in various tissues induce complement activation and ensuing inflammatory response mediated by massive infiltration of neutrophils

Answer 8

Type III hypersensitivity

Question 9

Manifestations for this type of hypersensitivity include: rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erthematosus

Answer 9

Type III hypersensitivity

Question 10

sensitized Th1 cells release cytokines that activate macrophages or TC cells which mediate direct cellular damage

Answer 10

Type IV hypersensitivity

Question 11

immature lymphocytes that are specific (or bind with high avidity) to self antigens encounter these antigens in the generative lymphoid organs and are then deleted.

Answer 11

negative selection

Question 12

this process helps eliminate immune cells with the potential to react strongly with self antigens

Answer 12

negative selection

Question 13

lymphocytes that bind with low avidity to the self MHC molecules are selected to continue growth and mature.

Answer 13

positive selection

Question 14

these lymps enter the peripheral lymphoid tissues, where they respond to foreign antigens

Answer 14

positive selection

Question 15

mature lymphocyte response to self antigens in the peripheral tissues

Answer 15

peripheral tolerance

Question 16

conditions in which immunological destruction of the bodys own tissues and damage to body organs results from the presence of autoantibodies or auto-reactive cells

Answer 16

autoimmune disease

Question 17

loss of self tolerance due to the breakdown of auto-tolerance mechanisms

Answer 17

autoimmune disease

Question 18

an antibody generated against a specific protein (antigen) that naturally occurs in the body, rather than a foreign protein

can be IgG, IgM or IgA

Answer 18

autoantibody

Question 19

Autoantibodies and sensitized T cells (delayed T helper) specific for thyroid antigens arise

Answer 19

Hashimoto’s

Question 20

antibodies against thyroglobulin and thyroperoxidase interfere with iodine uptake leading to hypothyroidism

Answer 20

hashitmoto’s

Question 21

individual is making antibodies against themselves causing the destruction of their RBCs– causes anemia

Answer 21

autoimmune anemia

Question 22

autoantibodies against intrinsic factor, a membrane bound protein on parietal cells of gastric mucosa required for uptake of vitamin B12

Answer 22

pernicious anemia

Question 23

affects CNS
autoreactive T cells involved in inflammatory lesions along with myelin sheath of nerve fibers

Answer 23

Multiple sclerosis

Question 24

autoantibody against basement membrane antigens binds to kidney glomeruli and alveoli of the lungs

complement activation leads to direct cellular damage

Answer 24

good pastures syndrome

Question 25

autoantibodies are produced that are directed against the insulin producing beta cells of the pancreas

cell mediated T cell response and activated macrophage destroy more beta cells

Answer 25

insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

Question 26

autoantibody to TSH receptor binds and mimics TSH binding

overstimulated thyroid continues to produce thyroid hormones which lead to hyperthyroidism

Answer 26

Graves Disease (autoantibody agonsit)

Question 27

autoantibody to acetylcholine receptor on motor end plates of muscles

block normal acetylcholine binding, induces complement-mediated degradation of receptors

Answer 27

myasthenia gravis (autoantibody antagonist)

Question 28

an antibody directed against the Fc fragment of IgG. Not specific for rheumatoid arthritis, also found in scleroderma, Sjogren’s syndrome and B cell lymphoproliferative diseases

Answer 28

rheumatoid factor (RF)

Question 29

a systemic disease where fibrosis and degenerative changes occur in the skin

Answer 29

scleroderma (progressive systemic sclerosis)

Question 30

a milder syndrome of scleroderma

Answer 30

CREST

Question 31

tightening of skin, fingers dont bend

Answer 31

sclerodactyl

Question 32

red spots (tangles of vessels)- hands, palms, forearms, face and lips

Answer 32

telangiectasia

Question 33

an inflammation of salivary and lacrimal glands causing dryness of mouth and eyes

Answer 33

sjorgrens syndrome

Question 34

acute or chronic inflammatory changes in muscle and skin

Answer 34

polymyositis-dermatmyositis

Question 35

evenly stains the nuclei and is associated with DNA

Answer 35

diffuse or homogenous patterns

Question 36

stains as numerous evenly distributed speckles within the nuclei and is associated with extractable nuclear antigens

Answer 36

speckled pattern

Question 37

stains 2 or 3 large fluorescent areas within the nucleus (dog paws)

Answer 37

nucleolar pattern

Question 38

stains as a discrete speckled pattern as the centromere fluoresces

Answer 38

centromere pattern

Question 39

stains the cytoplasm and is associated with histidyl- tRNA synthetase

Answer 39

cytoplasmic

Question 40

only the spindle fiber fluoresces

Answer 40

spindle fiber