IPA Cardiac exam Flashcards
Where is breathing controlled
In the brain in the medulla- complex
Function of respiration
provide O2 and remove CO2 from circulatory system
Is experation passive or active?
Expiration is passive
What factor helps during inspiration and alveolar compliance?
Elasticity
What is bradypenea
abnormal slowing of respiration
What is tachypenea
abnormal increased rate of respiration
What is Apnea
temporary cessation of breathing
What is hyperpenea
increased depth of breathing, usually associated with DKA
What are Cheynes-Stokes breathing
Abonormal pattern of breathing, progressively deeper and faster breathing, followed by gradual decrease resulting in apnea.
What is the abonormal pattern of breathing, progressively deeper and faster breathing, followed by gradual decrease resulting in apnea called
Cheynes-stokes breathing
Which breathing has a crescendo-decrescendo pattern with apnea between paterns?
Cheynes-stokes breathing
What is kussmaul breathing
Deep, rapid breathing, DKA or kidney failure, deep and rapid cycles of respirations
What is the breathing pattern that is deep, rapid breathing, DKA or kidney failure, deep and rapid cycles of respirations
Kussmaul breathing
What is the most common symptom of lung disease
cough
What is the earliest manifestation of bronchitis
increase in quanity of sputum production
How much sputum is secreted by bronchi every day
75-100 mL
What is coughing up of blood called
hemoptysis
What is the most common cause of hemoptysis
bronchitis
What are secondary causes of hemoptysis
- Broncheictasis
- Bronchiogenic carcinoma
Hemoptysis vs hematemesis
Coughing up blood vs vomitting blood
What is vommiting blood up called
Hematemesis
What is dyspena
shortness of breath
What are damaged airways called
bronchiectasis
What is the sudden onset of shortness of breath occurring at night during sleep
Paroxysmal-nocturnal dyspena
What is difficulty breathing while lying fat
orthopena
What is difficulty of breathing while sitting up and releved by a recumbent position
Platypenea
What is a condition where patients are more comfortable laying on one side
trepopnea
When does wheezing usually present in the cycle of breathing
during expiration when bronchoconstriction occurs
When does central cyonisis occur
When inadequate gas exchange occurs in the lungs that results in a significant reduction in arterial oxygenation ( mucous membranes, lips)
When does peripheral cyanosis occur
Results from an excessive extraction of oxygen at the periphery ( fingers, toes, nose)
Where is chest pain usually occurring
usually chest wall or parietal pleura
What is a common symptom of inflammation of the parietal pleura
pleuritic pain ( Sharp, stabbing pain felt during inspiration. May be localized to one side).